36C25020B0008-0001006.pdf

landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas.

An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.

Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties and qualities.

Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.

Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.

Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.

These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.

A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps.

The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example.

An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha-Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.

An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.

Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example.

Custom Soil Resource Report

Allen County, Indiana

BmA—Blount silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes

Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: 2t6kp Elevation: 700 to 1,200 feet Mean annual precipitation: 34 to 42 inches Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 52 degrees F Frost-free period: 140 to 180 days Farmland classification: Prime farmland if drained

Map Unit Composition Blount and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.

Description of Blount

Setting Landform: Ground moraines on till plains, end moraines on till plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Footslope Landform position (three-dimensional): Interfluve Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Wisconsin till derived from limestone and shale

Typical profile Ap - 0 to 10 inches: silt loam Bt - 10 to 33 inches: silty clay BC - 33 to 39 inches: clay loam Cd - 39 to 79 inches: clay loam

Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 2 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 31 to 54 inches to densic material Natural drainage class: Somewhat poorly drained Runoff class: High Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Low to moderately high (0.01 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: About 6 to 12 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 35 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 6.2 inches)

Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 2w Hydrologic Soil Group: D Hydric soil rating: No

Minor Components

Haskins Percent of map unit: 6 percent Landform: Ground moraines on till plains, end moraines on till plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Footslope Landform position (three-dimensional): Interfluve Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Hydric soil rating: No

Pewamo Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: End moraines on till plains, ground moraines on till plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope Landform position (three-dimensional): Base slope Down-slope shape: Concave, linear Across-slope shape: Concave, linear Hydric soil rating: Yes

Glynwood Percent of map unit: 4 percent Landform: End moraines on till plains, ground moraines on till plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, summit, shoulder Landform position (three-dimensional): Side slope, crest, nose slope Down-slope shape: Convex Across-slope shape: Convex, linear Hydric soil rating: No

MrB2—Glynwood silt loam, 2 to 6 percent slopes, eroded

Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: 2t6lq Elevation: 700 to 1,320 feet Mean annual precipitation: 34 to 42 inches Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 52 degrees F Frost-free period: 140 to 180 days Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland

Map Unit Composition Glynwood and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.

Description of Glynwood

Setting Landform: Ground moraines on till plains, end moraines on till plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Shoulder, backslope, summit Landform position (three-dimensional): Side slope, nose slope

Down-slope shape: Convex, linear Across-slope shape: Linear, convex Parent material: Wisconsin till derived from limestone and shale

Typical profile Ap - 0 to 7 inches: silt loam Bt - 7 to 25 inches: clay BC - 25 to 29 inches: clay loam Cd - 29 to 79 inches: clay loam

Properties and qualities Slope: 2 to 6 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 24 to 42 inches to densic material Natural drainage class: Moderately well drained Runoff class: High Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Low to moderately high (0.01 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: About 12 to 24 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 35 percent Salinity, maximum in profile: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water storage in profile: Low (about 4.4 inches)

Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 2e Hydrologic Soil Group: D Hydric soil rating: No

Minor Components

Rawson Percent of map unit: 6 percent Landform: End moraines on till plains, ground moraines on till plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Shoulder, backslope, summit Landform position (three-dimensional): Crest, side slope, nose slope Down-slope shape: Convex, linear Across-slope shape: Linear, convex Hydric soil rating: No

Blount Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Ground moraines on till plains, end moraines on till plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Summit, backslope, footslope Landform position (three-dimensional): Interfluve, side slope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Hydric soil rating: No

Pewamo Percent of map unit: 4 percent Landform: Ground moraines on till plains, end moraines on till plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Toeslope Landform position (three-dimensional): Base slope Down-slope shape: Linear

Across-slope shape: Concave Hydric soil rating: Yes

RlC2—Rawson loam, 6 to 12 percent slopes, moderately eroded

Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: 5jfb Elevation: 640 to 1,150 feet Mean annual precipitation: 34 to 39 inches Mean annual air temperature: 47 to 52 degrees F Frost-free period: 165 to 175 days Farmland classification: Not prime farmland

Map Unit Composition Rawson and similar soils: 100 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.

Description of Rawson

Setting Landform: Till plains Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope, shoulder Landform position (three-dimensional): Side slope Down-slope shape: Linear Across-slope shape: Linear Parent material: Loamy outwash over clayey till

Typical profile Ap - 0 to 7 inches: loam E - 7 to 13 inches: loam Bt1,Bt2 - 13 to 28 inches: sandy clay loam 2Bt3,2C - 28 to 60 inches: silty clay loam

Properties and qualities Slope: 6 to 12 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 24 to 48 inches to densic material Natural drainage class: Moderately well drained Runoff class: High Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Low to moderately high (0.01 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: About 18 to 36 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum in profile: 30 percent Available water storage in profile: Low (about 4.2 inches)

Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e Hydrologic Soil Group: C Other vegetative classification: Trees/Timber (Woody Vegetation)

Hydric soil rating: No

References American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).

2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and testing. 24th edition.

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00.

Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS-79/31.

Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.

Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States.

Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soils in the United States.

National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.

Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service.

U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/ nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_054262

Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http:// www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053577

Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http:// www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053580

Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands Section.

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical Report Y-87-1.

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.

National forestry manual. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/ home/?cid=nrcs142p2_053374

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.

National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/ detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_054262 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_054262 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053577 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053577 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053580 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053580 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/home/?cid=nrcs142p2_053374 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/home/?cid=nrcs142p2_053374 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.

National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/ nrcs/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nrcs142p2_054242

United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.

2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook

296. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?

cid=nrcs142p2_053624

United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http:// www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2_052290.pdf

Custom Soil Resource Report http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nrcs142p2_054242 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nrcs142p2_054242 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053624 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053624 http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2_052290.pdf http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2_052290.pdf

610-312 Expand East Parking 08-01-16

32 05 23 - 1

SECTION 32 05 23

CEMENT AND CONCRETE FOR EXTERIOR IMPROVEMENTS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Subbase for concrete pavements.

2. Curbs, gutters, and combination curbs and gutters.

3. Pedestrian Pavement: Walks and wheelchair curb ramps.

4. Vehicular Pavement: driveways and parking lots.

1.2 RELATED REQUIREMENTS

A. Field Testing: Section 01 45 29, TESTING LABORATORY SERVICES.

B. Subgrade Preparation and Subbase Compaction: Section 31 20 00, EARTHWORK.

1.3 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

A. Comply with references to extent specified in this section.

B. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials

(AASHTO):

1. M147-65-UL-04 - Materials for Aggregate and Soil-Aggregate Subbase, Base and Surface Courses.

2. M233-86 - Boiled Linseed Oil Mixture for Treatment of Portland

Cement Concrete.

C. American Concrete Institute (ACI):

1. 305R-10 - Guide to Hot Weather Concreting.

2. 306R-10 - Guide to Cold Weather Concreting.

D. American National Standards Institute (ANSI):

1. B101.3 - Wet DOCF of Common Hard Surface Floor Materials (Including

Action and Limit Thresholds for the Suitable Assessment of the

Measured Values).

E. ASTM International (ASTM):

1. A615/A615M-16 - Deformed and Plain Carbon Steel Bars for Concrete

Reinforcement.

2. A996/A996M-15 - Rail-Steel and Axle-Steel Deformed Bars for Concrete

Reinforcement.

3. A1064/A1064M-16 - Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete.

4. C33/C33M-16 - Concrete Aggregates.

5. C94/C94M-16 - Ready Mixed Concrete.

32 05 23 - 2

6. C143/C143M-15a - Slump of Hydraulic Cement Concrete.

7. C150/C150M-16 - Portland Cement.

8. C171-16 - Sheet Materials for Curing Concrete.

9. C260/C260M-10a - Air Entraining Admixtures for Concrete.

10. C309-11 - Liquid Membrane Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete.

11. C494/C494M-15a - Chemical Admixtures for Concrete.

12. C989/C989M-14 - Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars.

13. C1240-15 - Silica Fume Used in Cementitious Mixtures.

14. D1751-04(2013)e1 - Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete

Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient

Bituminous Types).

15. D5893/D5893M-10 - Cold Applied, Single Component, Chemically Curing

Silicone Joint Sealant for Portland Cement Concrete Pavements.

16. D6690-15 - Joint and Crack Sealants, Hot Applied, for Concrete and

Asphalt Pavements.

1.4 PREINSTALLATION MEETINGS

A. Conduct preinstallation meeting at project site minimum 30 days before beginning Work of this section.

1. Required Participants:

a. Contracting Officer's Representative.

b. Viridian Architecture

c. Inspection and Testing Agency.

d. Contractor.

e. Installer.

f. Other installers responsible for adjacent and intersecting work, including excavation, plantings, and traffic markings.

2. Meeting Agenda: Distribute agenda to participants minimum 3 days before meeting.

a. Installation schedule.

b. Installation sequence.

c. Preparatory work.

d. Protection before, during, and after installation.

e. Installation.

f. Terminations.

g. Transitions and connections to other work.

h. Inspecting and testing.

i. Other items affecting successful completion.

32 05 23 - 3

3. Document and distribute meeting minutes to participants to record decisions affecting installation.

1.5 SUBMITTALS

A. Submittal Procedures: Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT DATA, AND SAMPLES.

B. Submittal Drawings:

1. Show size, configuration, and fabrication and installation details.

2. Show reinforcing.

3. Include jointing plan for concrete pavements, curbs and gutters.

C. Manufacturer's Literature and Data:

1. Description of each product.

2. Installation instructions.

D. Test reports: Certify products comply with specifications.

1. Concrete materials.

2. Select subbase materials.

3. Field test reports.

E. Certificates: Certify products comply with specifications.

1. Expansion joint filler.

2. Reinforcement.

3. Curing materials.

4. Concrete protective coating.

F. Qualifications: Substantiate qualifications comply with specifications.

1. Installer .

2. Land surveyor.

G. Concrete mix design.

H. Select subbase job-mix design.

I. Proposed hot and cold weather concreting methods.

J. Land surveyor's construction staking notes, before placing concrete.

1. Identify discrepancies between field conditions and Drawings.

1.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Installer Qualifications:

1. Regularly installs specified products.

2. Installed specified products with satisfactory service on five similar installations.

a. Project Experience List: Provide contact names and addresses for completed projects.

32 05 23 - 4

B. Land Surveyor: Professional land surveyor or engineer registered to provide land surveys in jurisdiction where project is located.

C. Preconstruction Testing:

1. Engage independent testing laboratory to perform tests and submit reports.

a. Deliver samples to laboratory in number and quantity required for testing.

2. Concrete mix design.

3. Select subbase job-mix design. Report the following:

a. Material sources.

b. Gradation.

c. Plasticity index.

d. Liquid limit.

e. Laboratory compaction curves indicating maximum density at optimum moisture content.

1.7 DELIVERY

A. Deliver steel reinforcement to prevent damage.

B. Before installation, return or dispose of distorted or damaged steel reinforcement.

C. Bulk Products: Deliver bulk products away from buildings, utilities, pavement, and existing turf and planted areas. Maintain dry bulk product storage away from contaminants.

1.8 STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Store products indoors in dry, weathertight facility.

B. Protect products from damage during handling and construction operations.

1.9 FIELD CONDITIONS

A. Hot Weather Concreting Procedures: ACI 305R.

B. Cold Weather Concreting Procedures: ACI 306R.

1. Use non-corrosive, non-chloride accelerator admixture.

2. Do not use calcium chloride, thiocyanates or admixtures containing more than 0.05 percent chloride ions.

1.10 WARRANTY

A. Construction Warranty: FAR clause 52.246-21, "Warranty of

Construction."

32 05 23 - 5

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 CONCRETE MATERIALS

A. Portland Cement: ASTM C150/C150M, Type I or II.

B. Fine Aggregate: ASTM C33/C33M.

C. Mixing Water: Fresh, clean, and potable.

D. Air-Entraining Admixture: ASTM C260/C260M.

E. Chemical Admixtures: ASTM C494/C494M.

F. Reinforcing Steel: ASTM A615/A615M or ASTM A996/A996M, Grade 420 (60) deformed.

G. Welded Wire Fabric: ASTM A1064/A1064M, plain Grade 450 (65) sized as indicated.

H. Expansion Joint Filler: ASTM D1751.

I. Sheet Materials for Curing Concrete: ASTM C171.

2.2 SELECT SUBBASE

A. Subbase: AASHTO M147; Grade B / Grade C.

1. Select granular material composed of sand, sand-gravel, crushed stone, crushed or granulated slag, with or without soil binder, or combinations of these materials.

SUBBASE GRADING REQUIREMENTS

Sieve Size Percentage Passing by Mass

Grades

(mm) (in) A B C D E F

50 2 100 100

25 1 75-95 100 100 100 100

9.5 3/8 30-65 40-75 50-85 60-100

4.47 No. 4 25-55 30-60 35-65 50-85 55-100 70-100

2.00 No. 10 15-40 20-45 25-50 40-70 40-100 55-100

0.425 No. 40 8-20 15-30 15-30 25-45 20-50 30-70

0.075 No. 200 2-8 5-20 5-15 5-20 6-20 8-25

B. Other Acceptable Gradations: Materials within three to five percent, plus or minus, of specified gradation, or as recommended by the geotechnical engineer and approved by the Contracting Officer's

Representative.

32 05 23 - 6

2.3 FORMS

A. Forms: Wood, plywood, metal, or other materials, approved by

Contracting Officer's Representative, of grade or type suitable to obtain type of finish specified.

1. Plywood: Exterior grade, free of defects and patches on contact surface.

2. Lumber: Sound, grade-marked, S4S stress graded softwood, minimum

50 mm (2 inches) thick, free from warp, twist, loose knots, splits, or other defects.

3. Form Coating: As recommended by Architect/Engineer.

B. Provide forms suitable in cross-section, depth, and strength to resist springing during depositing and consolidating concrete.

1. Do not use forms varying from straight line more than 3 mm in

3000 mm (1/8 inch in 10 feet), horizontally and vertically.

C. Provide flexible or curved forms for forming radii.

2.4 CONCRETE CURING MATERIALS

A. Concrete curing materials, conform to one of the following:

1. Burlap: Minimum 233 g/sq. m (7 ounces/sq. yd.) dry.

2. Sheet Materials for Curing Concrete: ASTM C171.

3. Curing Compound: ASTM C309, Type 1 clear; liquid membrane forming type, without paraffin or petroleum.

2.5 CONCRETE MIXES

A. Design concrete mixes according to ASTM C94/C94M, Option C.

B. Concrete Type: Air-entrained. See Table I.

TABLE I - CONCRETE TYPES

Concrete

Type

Minimum 28 Day

Compressive

Strength f'c

MPa (psi)

Non-Air-Entrained Air-Entrained

Min. Cement kg/cu. m

(lbs./cu. yd.)

Max.

Water

Cement

Ratio

Min. Cement kg/cu. m

(lbs./cu. yd.)

Max.

Water

Cement

Ratio

A 35 (5000)1,3 375 (630) 0.45 385 (650) 0.40

B 30 (4000)1,3 325 (550) 0.55 340 (570) 0.50

C 25 (3000)1,3 280 (470) 0.65 290 (490) 0.55

D 25 (3000)1,2 300 (500) * 310 (520) *

Footnotes:

32 05 23 - 7

C. Maximum Slump: ASTM C143/C143M. See Table II.

TABLE II - MAXIMUM SLUMP

APPLICATION MAXIMUM SLUMP

Curb & Gutter 75 mm (3 inches)

Pedestrian Pavement 75 mm (3 inches)

Vehicular Pavement 50 mm (2 inches) Machine Finished

100 mm (4 inches) Hand Finished

Equipment Pad 75 to 100 mm (3 to 4 inches)

2.6 ACCESSORIES

A. Equipment and Tools: Obtain Contracting Officer's Representative's, approval of equipment and tools needed for handling materials and performing work before work begins.

B. Maintain equipment and tools in satisfactory working condition.

C. Sealants:

1. Concrete Paving Expansion Joints: ASTM D5893/D5893M, Type SL, single component, self-leveling, silicone joint sealant.

2. Concrete Paving Joints: ASTM D6690, Type IV, hot-applied, single component joint sealant.

D. Concrete Protective Coating: AASHTO M233 linseed oil mixture.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Examine and verify substrate suitability for product installation.

B. Protect existing construction and completed work from damage.

C. Prepare, construct, and finish subgrade. See Section 31 20 00, EARTHWORK.

D. Maintain subgrade in smooth, compacted condition, in conformance with the required section and established grade until the succeeding operation has been accomplished.

1. If trial mixes are used, achieve compressive strength 8.3 MPa (1,200 psi) in excess of f'c. For concrete strengths greater than 35 MPa (5,000 psi), achieve compressive strength 9.7 MPa (1,400 psi) in excess of f’c.

2. For Concrete Exposed to High Sulfate Content Soils: Maximum water cement ratio is 0.44.

3. Laboratory Determined according to ACI 211.1 for normal weight concrete.

32 05 23 - 8

3.2 SELECT SUBBASE

A. Placing:

1. Place subbase material on prepared subgrade in uniform layer to required contour and grades, and to maximum 200 mm (8 inches) loose depth.

2. When required compacted thickness exceeds 150 mm (6 inches), place subbase material in equal thickness layers.

3. When subbase elevation is 13 mm (1/2 inch) or more below required grade, excavate subbase minimum 75 mm (3 inches) deep. Place and compact subbase to required grade.

B. Compaction:

1. Perform compaction with approved hand or mechanical equipment well suited to the material being compacted.

2. Maintain subbase at optimum moisture content for compaction.

3. Compact each subbase layer to minimum 95 percent or 100 percent of maximum density as specified in Section 31 20 00, EARTHWORK.

C. Subbase Tolerances:

1. Variation from Indicated Grade: Maximum 9 mm (3/8 inch).

2. Variation from Indicated Thickness: Maximum 13 mm (1/2 inch).

D. Protection:

1. Protect subbase from damage until concrete is placed.

2. Reconstruct damaged subbase before placing concrete.

3.3 SETTING FORMS

A. Form Substrate:

1. Compact form substrate to uniformly support forms along entire length.

2. Correct substrate imperfections and variations by cutting, filling, and compacting.

B. Form Setting:

1. Set forms to indicated line and grade with tight joints. Rigidly brace forms preventing movement.

2. Remove forms when removal will not damage concrete and when required for finishing.

3. Clean and oil forms before each use.

4. Correct forms, when required, immediately before placing concrete.

C. Land Surveyor: Establish control, alignment, and grade for forms.

1. Notify Contracting Officer's Representative immediately when discrepancies exist between field conditions and drawings.

32 05 23 - 9

2. Correct discrepancies greater than 25 mm (1 inch) before placing concrete.

D. Form Tolerances:

1. Variation from Indicated Line: Maximum 6 mm (1/4 inch).

2. Variation from Indicated Grade: Maximum 3 mm in 3000 mm (1/8 inch in

10 feet).

3.4 PLACING REINFORCEMENT

A. Keep reinforcement clean from contamination preventing concrete bond.

B. Install reinforcement shown on drawings.

C. Support and securely tie reinforcing steel to prevent displacement during concrete placement.

D. Obtain Contracting Officer's Representative's reinforcement placement approval before placing concrete.

3.5 JOINTS - GENERAL

A. Place joints, where shown on approved submittal Drawings.

1. Conform to details shown.

2. Install joints perpendicular to finished concrete surface.

B. Make joints straight and continuous from edge to edge of pavement.

3.6 CONSTRUCTION JOINTS

A. Locate longitudinal construction joints between slabs of vehicular pavement as shown on approved submittal Drawings.

B. Place transverse construction joints of type shown, where indicated, and whenever concrete placement is suspended for more than 30 minutes.

C. Provide butt-type joint with dowels in curb and gutter at planned joint locations.

D. Provide keyed joints with tie bars when joint occurs in middle third of planned curb and gutter joint interval.

3.7 CONTRACTION JOINTS

A. Tool or cut joints to width, depth, and radius edge shown on drawings using grooving tool, jointer, or saw.

B. Construct joints in curbs and gutters by inserting 3 mm (1/8 inch) steel plates conforming to curb and gutter cross sections.

1. Keep plates in place until concrete can hold its shape.

C. Finish joint edges with edging tool.

D. Score pedestrian pavement with grooving tool or jointer.

32 05 23 - 10

3.8 EXPANSION JOINTS

A. Form expansion joints with expansion joint filler of thickness shown on drawings.

1. Locate joints around perimeter of structures and features abutting site work concrete.

2. Create complete, uniform separation between structure and site work concrete.

B. Extend expansion joint material full depth of concrete with top edge of joint filler below finished concrete surface where sealant is indicated on Drawings.

C. Cut and shape material matching cross section.

D. Anchor with approved devices to prevent displacing during placing and finishing operations.

E. Round joint edges with edging tool.

3.9 PLACING CONCRETE - GENERAL

A. Preparation before Placing Concrete:

1. Obtain Contracting Officer's Representative approval.

2. Remove debris and other foreign material.

3. Uniformly moisten substrate, without standing water.

B. Convey concrete from mixer to final location without segregation or loss of ingredients. Deposit concrete to minimize handling.

C. During placement, consolidate concrete by spading or vibrating to minimize voids, honeycomb, and rock pockets.

1. Vibrate concrete against forms and along joints.

2. Avoid excess vibration and handling causing segregation.

D. Place concrete continuously between joints without bulkheads.

E. Install construction joint in concrete placement suspended for more than 30 minutes.

F. Replace concrete with cracks, chips, bird baths, and other defects to nearest joints, approved by Contracting Officer's Representative.

3.10 PLACING CONCRETE FOR CURB AND GUTTER, AND PEDESTRIAN PAVEMENT

A. Place concrete in one layer conforming to cross section shown on

Drawings after consolidating and finishing.

B. Deposit concrete near joints without disturbing joints. Do not place concrete directly onto joint assemblies.

C. Strike concrete surface to proper section ready for consolidation.

32 05 23 - 11

D. Consolidate concrete by tamping and spading or with approved mechanical finishing equipment.

E. Finish concrete surface with wood or metal float.

F. Construct concrete pads and pavements with sufficient slope to drain, preventing standing water.

3.11 PLACING CONCRETE FOR VEHICULAR PAVEMENT

A. Deposit concrete as close as possible to its final position.

B. Place concrete continuously between construction joints without cold joints.

C. Strike and consolidate concrete with finishing machine, vibrating screed, or by hand-finishing.

D. Finish concrete surface to elevation and crown shown on drawings.

E. Deposit concrete near joints without disturbing joints. Do not place concrete directly onto joint assemblies.

F. Obtain Contracting Officer's Representative's approval before placing adjacent lanes.

G. Curb-Forming Machines: Curb-forming machines for constructing integral curbs or curb and gutter will be approved based on trial use on the project. When equipment produces unsatisfactory results, discontinue use of the equipment at any time during construction and accomplish work by hand method construction. Remove unsatisfactory work and reconstruct full length between regularly scheduled joints. Dispose of removed portions off the project site.

3.12 FORM REMOVAL

A. Keep forms in place minimum 12 hours after concrete placement. Remove forms without damaging concrete.

B. Do not use bars or heavy tools against concrete to remove forms. Repair damage concrete found after form removal.

3.13 CONCRETE FINISHING - GENERAL

A. Follow operation sequence below, unless otherwise indicated on

Drawings:

1. Consolidating, floating, striking, troweling, texturing, and joint edging.

B. Use edging tool with 6 mm (1/4 inch) radius.

C. Keep finishing equipment and tools clean and suitable for use.

3.14 CONCRETE FINISHING - PEDESTRIAN PAVEMENT

A. Walks and Wheelchair Curb Ramps:

32 05 23 - 12

1. Finish concrete surfaces with metal float, troweled smooth, and finished with a broom moistened with clear water.

2. Finish slab edges and formed transverse joints with edger.

3. Broom surfaces transverse to traffic direction.

a. Use brooming to eliminate flat surface produced by edger.

b. Produce uniform corrugations, maximum 1.5 mm (1/16 inch) deep profile.

4. Provide surface uniform in color and free of surface blemishes, form marks, and tool marks.

5. Paving Tolerances:

a. Variation from Indicated Plane: Maximum 5 mm in 3000 mm (3/16 inch in 10 feet).

b. Variation from Indicated Thickness: Maximum 6 mm (1/4 inch).

6. Replace paving within joint boundary when paving exceeds specified tolerances.

3.15 CONCRETE FINISHING - VEHICULAR PAVEMENT

A. Align finish surfaces where new and existing pavements abut.

B. Longitudinally float pavement surface to profile and grade indicated on drawings.

C. Straighten surface removing irregularities and maintaining specified tolerances while concrete is plastic.

D. Finish pavement edges and joints with edging tool.

E. Broom finish concrete surface after bleed water dissipates and before concrete hardens.

1. Broom surface transverse to traffic direction.

a. Use brooming to eliminate flat surface produced by edger.

b. Produce uniform corrugations, maximum 3 mm (1/8 inch) deep profile.

F. Pavement Tolerances:

1. Variation from Indicated Plane: Maximum 6 mm in 3000 mm (1/4 inch in

10 feet) tested parallel and perpendicular to traffic direction at maximum 1500 mm (5 feet) intervals.

2. Variation from Indicated Thickness: Maximum 6 mm (1/4 inch).

G. Replace paving within joint boundary when paving exceeds specified tolerances.

3.16 CONCRETE FINISHING - CURBS AND GUTTERS

A. Round edges of gutter and top of curb with edging tool.

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B. Gutter and Curb Top:

1. Float surfaces and finish with smooth wood or metal float until true to grade and section and uniform color.

2. Finish surfaces, while still plastic, longitudinally with bristle brush.

C. Curb Face:

1. Remove curb form and immediately rub curb face with wood or concrete rubbing block removing blemishes, form marks, and tool marks and providing uniform color.

2. Brush curb face, while still plastic, matching gutter and curb top.

D. Curb and Gutter Tolerances:

1. Variation from Indicated Plane and Grade:

a. Gutter: Maximum 3 mm in 3000 mm (1/8 inch in 10 feet).

b. Curb Top and Face: Maximum 6 mm in 3000 mm (1/4 inch in

10 feet).

E. Replace curbs and gutters within joint boundary when curbs and gutters exceed specified tolerances.

F. Correct depressions causing standing water.

3.17 CONCRETE CURING

A. Concrete Protection:

1. Protect unhardened concrete from rain and flowing water.

2. Provide sufficient curing and protection materials available and ready for use before concrete placement begins.

3. Protect concrete to prevent pavement cracking from ambient temperature changes during curing period.

a. Replace pavement damaged by curing method allowing concrete cracking.

b. Employ another curing method as directed by Contracting

Officer's Representative.

B. Cure concrete for minimum 7 days by one of the following methods appropriate to weather conditions preventing moisture loss and rapid temperature change:

1. Burlap Mat: Provide minimum two layers kept saturated with water during curing period. Overlap Mats at least 150 mm (6 inches).

2. Sheet Materials:

a. Wet exposed concrete surface with fine water spray and cover with sheet materials.

b. Overlap sheets minimum 300 mm (12 inches).

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c. Securely anchor sheet materials preventing displacement.

3. Curing Compound:

a. Protect joints indicated to receive sealants preventing contamination from curing compound.

b. Insert moistened paper or fiber rope into joint or cover joint with waterproof paper.

c. Apply curing compound before concrete dries.

d. Apply curing compound in two coats at right angles to each other.

e. Application Rate: Maximum 5 sq. m/L (200 sq. ft./gallon), both coats.

f. Immediately reapply curing compound to surfaces damaged during curing period.

3.18 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Field Tests: Performed by testing laboratory specified in Section

01 45 29, TESTING LABORATORY SERVICES.

1. Compaction.

a. Pavement subgrade.

b. Curb, gutter, and sidewalk.

2. Concrete:

a. Delivery samples.

b. Field samples.

3. Slip Resistance: Steps and pedestrian paving.

3.19 CLEANING

A. After completing curing:

1. Remove burlap and sheet curing materials.

2. Sweep concrete clean, removing foreign matter from the joints.

3. Seal joints as specified.

3.20 PROTECTION

A. Protect exterior improvements from traffic and construction operations.

1. Prohibit traffic on paving for minimum seven days after placement, or longer as directed by Contracting Officer's Representative.

B. Remove protective materials immediately before acceptance.

C. Repair damage.

1. Replace concrete containing excessive cracking, fractures, spalling, and other defects within joint boundary, when directed by

32 05 23 - 15

Contracting Officer's Representative, and at no additional cost to the Government.

- - - E N D - - -

610-312 Expand East Parking 09-01-15

32 12 16 - 1

SECTION 32 12 16

ASPHALT PAVING

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 DESCRIPTION

This work shall cover the composition, mixing, construction upon the prepared subgrade, and the protection of hot asphalt concrete pavement.

The hot asphalt concrete pavement shall consist of an aggregate or asphalt base course and asphalt surface course constructed in conformity with the lines, grades, thickness, and cross sections as shown. Each course shall be constructed to the depth, section, or elevation required by the drawings and shall be rolled, finished, and approved before the placement of the next course.

1.2 RELATED WORK

A. Laboratory and field testing requirements: Section 01 45 29, TESTING

LABORATORY SERVICES.

B. Subgrade Preparation: Paragraph 3.3 and Section 31 20 00, EARTH MOVING.

C. Pavement Markings: Section 32 17 23, PAVEMENT MARKINGS.

1.3 INSPECTION OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

The COR will have access at all times to all parts of the material producing plants for checking the mixing operations and materials and the adequacy of the equipment in use.

1.4 ALIGNMENT AND GRADE CONTROL

The Contractor’s Registered Professional Land Surveyor shall establish and control the pavement (aggregate or asphalt base course and asphalt surface course) alignments, grades, elevations, and cross sections as shown on the Drawings.

1.5 SUBMITTALS

A. In accordance with Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT DATA, AND

SAMPLES, furnish the following:

B. Data and Test Reports:

1. Aggregate Base Course: Sources, gradation, liquid limit, plasticity index, percentage of wear, and other tests required by State Highway

Department.

2. Asphalt Base/Surface Course: Aggregate source, gradation, soundness loss, percentage of wear, and other tests required by State Highway

Department.

3. Job-mix formula.

32 12 16 - 2

C. Certifications:

1. Asphalt prime and tack coat material certificate of conformance to

State Highway Department requirements.

2. Asphalt cement certificate of conformance to State Highway

Department requirements.

3. Job-mix certification - Submit plant mix certification that mix equals or exceeds the State Highway Specification.

D. One copy of State Highway Department Specifications.

E. Provide MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheets) for all chemicals used on ground.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 GENERAL

A. Aggregate base and asphalt concrete materials shall conform to the requirements of the following and other appropriate sections of the latest version of the State Highway Material Specifications, including amendments, addenda and errata. Where the term "Engineer" or

"Commission" is referenced in the State Highway Specifications, it shall mean the VA COR or VA Contracting Officer.

2.2 AGGREGATES

A. Provide aggregates consisting of crushed stone, gravel, sand, or other sound, durable mineral materials processed and blended, and naturally combined.

B. Subbase aggregate (where required) maximum size: 38mm(1-1/2").

C. Base aggregate maximum size:

1. Base course over 152mm(6") thick: 38mm(1-1/2");

2. Other base courses: 19mm(3/4").

D. Asphaltic base course:

1. Maximum particle size not to exceed 25.4mm(1”).

2. Where conflicts arise between this specification and the requirements in the latest version of the State Highway

Specifications, the State Specifications shall control.

E. Aggregates for asphaltic concrete paving: Provide a mixture of sand, mineral aggregate, and liquid asphalt mixed in such proportions that the percentage by weight shall be within:

Sieve Sizes Percentage Passing

19mm(3/4") 100

9.5mm(3/8") 67 to 85

32 12 16 - 3

6.4mm(1/4") 50 to 65

2.4mm(No. 8 mesh) 37 to 50

600µm(No. 30 mesh) 15 to 25

75µm(No. 200 mesh) 3 to 8 plus 50/60 penetration liquid asphalt at 5 percent to 6-1/2 percent of the combined dry aggregates.

2.3 ASPHALTS

A. Comply with provisions of Asphalt Institute Specification SS2:

1. Asphalt cement: Penetration grade 50/60

2. Prime coat: Cut-back type, grade MC-250

3. Tack coat: Uniformly emulsified, grade SS-1H

2.4 SEALER

A. Provide a sealer consisting of suitable fibrated chemical type asphalt base binders and fillers having a container consistency suitable for troweling after thorough stirring, and containing no clay or other deleterious substance.

B. Where conflicts arise between this specification and the requirements in the latest version of the State Highway Specifications, the State

Specifications shall control.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 GENERAL

The Asphalt Concrete Paving equipment, weather limitations, job-mix formula, mixing, construction methods, compaction, finishing, tolerance, and protection shall conform to the requirements of the appropriate sections of the State Highway Specifications for the type of material specified.

3.2 MIXING ASPHALTIC CONCRETE MATERIALS

A. Provide hot plant-mixed asphaltic concrete paving materials.

1. Temperature leaving the plant: 143 degrees C(290 degrees F) minimum, 160 degrees C(320 degrees F) maximum.

2. Temperature at time of placing: 138 degrees C(280 degrees F) minimum.

3.3 SUBGRADE

A. Shape to line and grade and compact with self-propelled rollers.

B. All depressions that develop under rolling shall be filled with acceptable material and the area re-rolled.

32 12 16 - 4

C. Soft areas shall be removed and filled with acceptable materials and the area re-rolled.

D. Should the subgrade become rutted or displaced prior to the placing of the subbase, it shall be reworked to bring to line and grade.

E. Proof-roll the subgrade with maximum 45 tonne (50 ton) gross weight dump truck as directed by VA COR or VA Contracting Officer. If pumping, pushing, or other movement is observed, rework the area to provide a stable and compacted subgrade.

3.4 BASE COURSES

A. Subbase (when required)

1. Spread and compact to the thickness shown on the drawings.

2. Rolling shall begin at the sides and continue toward the center and shall continue until there is no movement ahead of the roller.

3. After completion of the subbase rolling there shall be no hauling over the subbase other than the delivery of material for the top course.

B. Base

1. Spread and compact to the thickness shown on the drawings.

2. Rolling shall begin at the sides and continue toward the center and shall continue until there is no movement ahead of the roller.

3. After completion of the base rolling there shall be no hauling over the base other than the delivery of material for the top course.

C. Thickness tolerance: Provide the compacted thicknesses shown on the

Drawings within a tolerance of minus 0.0mm (0.0") to plus 12.7mm

(0.5").

D. Smoothness tolerance: Provide the lines and grades shown on the

Drawings within a tolerance of 5mm in 3m (3/16 inch in ten feet).

E. Moisture content: Use only the amount of moisture needed to achieve the specified compaction.

3.5 PLACEMENT OF ASPHALTIC CONCRETE PAVING

A. Remove all loose materials from the compacted base.

B. Apply the specified prime coat, and tack coat where required, and allow to dry in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations as approved by the Architect or Engineer.

C. Receipt of asphaltic concrete materials:

1. Do not accept material unless it is covered with a tarpaulin until unloaded, and unless the material has a temperature of not less than

130 degrees C(280 degrees F).

32 12 16 - 5

2. Do not commence placement of asphaltic concrete materials when the atmospheric temperature is below 10 degrees C (50 degrees F), not during fog, rain, or other unsuitable conditions.

D. Spreading:

1. Spread material in a manner that requires the least handling.

2. Where thickness of finished paving will be 76mm (3") or less, spread in one layer.

E. Rolling:

1. After the material has been spread to the proper depth, roll until the surface is hard, smooth, unyielding, and true to the thickness and elevations shown own the drawings.

2. Roll in at least two directions until no roller marks are visible.

3. Finished paving smoothness tolerance:

a. No depressions which will retain standing water.

b. No deviation greater than 3mm in 1.8m (1/8" in six feet).

3.6 PROTECTION

Protect the asphaltic concrete paved areas from traffic until the sealer is set and cured and does not pick up under foot or wheeled traffic.

3.7 FINAL CLEAN-UP

Remove all debris, rubbish, and excess material from the work area.

32 17 23 - 1

SECTION 32 17 23

PAVEMENT MARKINGS

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes:

1. Paint on pavement surfaces, in form of traffic lanes, parking bays, areas restricted to handicapped persons, crosswalks, and other detail pavement markings.

1.2 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

A. Comply with references to extent specified in this section.

B. Federal Specifications (Fed. Spec.):

1. TT-P-1952F - Paint, Traffic and Airfield Marking, Waterborne.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. Submittal Procedures: Section 01 33 23, SHOP DRAWINGS, PRODUCT DATA, AND SAMPLES.

B. Manufacturer's Literature and Data:

1. Description of each product.

2. Application instructions.

3. Installer with project experience list.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Installer Qualifications:

1. Regularly installs specified products.

2. Installed specified products with satisfactory service on five similar installations for minimum five years.

a. Project Experience List: Provide contact names and addresses for completed projects.

1.5 DELIVERY

A. Deliver products in manufacturer's original sealed packaging.

B. Mark packaging, legibly. Indicate manufacturer's name or brand, type, color, production run number, and manufacture date.

C. Before installation, return or dispose of products within distorted, damaged, or opened packaging.

1.6 STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Store products indoors in dry, weathertight conditioned facility.

B. Protect products from damage during handling and construction operations.

32 17 23 - 2

1.7 FIELD CONDITIONS

A. Environment:

1. Product Temperature: Minimum 13 degrees C (55 degrees F) for minimum

48 hours before installation.

a. Surface to be painted and ambient temperature: Minimum

10 degrees C (50 degrees F) and maximum 35 degrees C

(95 degrees F).

B. Field Measurements: Verify field conditions affecting traffic marking installation.

1.8 WARRANTY

A. Construction Warranty: FAR clause 52.246-21, "Warranty of

Construction."

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

A. Design paint complying with specified performance:

1. Application: Fed. Spec. TT-P-1952.

2.2 PRODUCTS - GENERAL

A. Basis of Design: Section 09 06 00, SCHEDULE FOR FINISHES.

B. Provide each product from one manufacturer and from one production run.

1. Low Pollutant-Emitting Materials: Comply with VOC limits specified in Section 01 81 13, SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS for the following products:

a. Paints and coatings.

2.3 SANDBLASTING EQUIPMENT

A. Air compressor, hoses, and nozzles of proper size and capacity as required for cleaning painted surfaces. Compressor to provide minimum

0.08 cu. m/s (150 cfm) of air at pressure of minimum 625 kPa (90 psi) at each nozzle used.

2.4 PAINT APPLICATOR

A. Apply marking paint with approved mechanical equipment. Provide equipment with constant agitation of paint and travel at controlled speeds. Synchronize one or more paint "guns" to automatically begin and cut off paint flow in case of skip lines. Equipment to have manual

32 17 23 - 3 control to apply continuous lines of varying length and marking widths as indicated on Drawings. Provide pneumatic spray guns for hand application of paint in areas where mobile paint applicator cannot be used.

2.5 PAINT

A. Paint: MPI No. 97. For obliterating existing markings comply with

Fed. Spec. TT-P-1952. Provide minimum 18 L (5 gallons) containers.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 PREPARATION

A. Examine and verify substrate suitability for product installation.

1. Allow new concrete pavement surfaces to cure for period of minimum

14 days before application of marking materials.

B. Protect existing construction and completed work from damage.

C. Clean substrates. Remove contaminants capable of affecting subsequently installed product's performance.

1. Remove dust, dirt, and other granular surface deposits by sweeping, blowing with compressed air, rinsing with water, or combination of these methods.

2. Completely remove rubber deposits, existing paint markings, and other coatings adhering to pavement with scrapers, wire brushings, sandblasting, mechanical abrasion, or approved chemicals as directed by Contracting Officer's Representative.

3. Scrub affected areas with several applications of trisodium phosphate solution or other approved detergent or degreaser, and rinse thoroughly after each application, Where oil or grease are present on old pavements to be marked, .

a. After cleaning, seal oil-soaked areas with cut shellac to prevent bleeding through new paint.

4. Clean and dry surface before pavement marking. Do not begin any marking until Contracting Officer's Representative inspected surface and gives permission to proceed.

3.2 INSTALLATION - GENERAL

A. Install products according to manufacturer's instructions and approved submittal drawings.

32 17 23 - 4

1. When manufacturer's instructions deviate from specifications, submit proposed resolution for Contracting Officer's Representative consideration.

3.3 PAINT APPLICATION

A. Apply uniformly painted pavement marking of required colors, length, and width with true, sharp edges and ends on…