Exhibit G-Definitions.pdf

Exhibit G

DEFINITIONS:

Accessible – Road access to a unit. Unit will be considered accessible when road access is within ¼ mile of unit.

Aspect – The direction the slope is facing; its exposure in relation to the sun.

Available Fuels – Those which will burn during a passage of a flaming front under specific burning conditions.

Barrier – Any obstruction to the spread of fire; typically an area or strip with insufficient fuel to carry fire.

Backing Fire – A fire spreading or set to spread into (against) the wind, or downhill (see Flanking Fire, Head Fire).

Berm – The accumulation of organic material that is scraped aside to expose mineral soil.

Blow Up – Sudden increase in fire intensity or rate of spread sufficient to preclude direct control or to upset existing control plans.

Broadcast Burn – Prescribed burning, generally used to in reference to clear-cut unit burning.

Brushing/lopping/scattering - Removing live or dead vegetation by slashing and pruning for the purpose of hazardous fuel reduction and safety. Severed vegetation may be scattered or piled. Lopping is the cutting of tops, branches and tree boles of felled material so that the material will lie close to the ground. Scattering is the spreading of cut or lopped material so that is evenly distributed across the ground.

Burn Boss 2 (RXB2) – Is responsible for the organizing and management of all personnel and equipment on the burn project and for meeting prescribed burn objectives. Burn Boss 2 (RXB2) is required for intermediate complexity burns. Positions are defined in the Wildland Fire Qualifications Subsystem Guide published by the National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG). Publication Numbers PMS 310-1 and NFES 1414, January 2000.

Burn Plan – Commonly used term for the prescribed fire burn plan.

Complexity of Burns (Intermediate) – Factors which contribute to this rating include broadcast and understory burns that do not meet the above criteria bur are not non-complex. This is the standard burn rating. Some control problems may be present due to location, aspects, or the presence of adjacent fuel complexes. Burn Boss II (RXB2) level of experience and training is required for Burn Boss position on Intermediate rated burns.

Continuity – The distribution of fuel particles or extent of the fuel bed, thus affecting a fire’s ability to sustain combustion. This applies to aerial fuels as well as surface fuels.

Contracting Officer - The person executing this contract on behalf of the Government, including any duly appointed successor and authorized representative of the Contracting Officer acting within the limits of his authority.

Contracting Officer's Representative - the COR is the on-site Contract Administrator for the Contracting Officer.

The duties and responsibilities of a COR are defined in the letter of designation issued by the Contracting Officer.

Contractor - The legal entity, whether by and through its owners, corporate officer of the company or legally appointed representative, to whom this contract has been awarded.

Contractor’s Representative - Contractor shall appoint a representative to deal with all matters pertaining to this contract, including work assignments and time on shift. The Contractor’s Representative shall be on the work site during all prescribed fire activities.

Cool Burn – A prescribed burn conducted at the low end of the prescription. Usually characterized by a flame length of 2 feet or less and utilized when there is a residual over story.

Certifying Authority - Contractor who is responsible for all training, safety and employer requirements for all fire crew members and all equipment operators.

Crew Boss (CRWB) – A crew member who provides direction and supervision to fellow crew members during burn unit preparation or wildfire hazard reduction treatments. Is responsible for work accomplishment and performance in accordance with the requirements of the contract.

Crown Ratio – Expressed as a percent of the total tree height, it is the portion of the tree bole that supports live limbs and foliage.

Cultural and/or Threatened and Endangered (T&E) Sites – Locations where special protection is required to preserve and protect cultural values and species of plants or animals listed on the T&E list.

Cup Trench – A trench constructed on the outer edge of the undercut line, deep enough to catch rolling embers and cones.

Damage – Includes any defect or deformity of a tree resulting from agents such as wind, snow, animals, insects, disease, rot, suppression, or machinery. Damage is recognized by such things as dead or broken tops or trunks;

cooks, sweeps, forks, lean, and scars; short or poorly-foliated crowns, low crown ratio; galls, swellings, or parasitic plants.

DBH – Diameter measured at breast height, 4.5 feet above ground.

Duff – Area of decomposed organic material that exists between the slash layer and mineral soil.

Engine Boss – (ENGB) Each Squad Boss shall have met the training and experience requirements for Engine Boss and the performance tasks in PMS 311-14 (PTB) for FFT1.

Escaped Fire – An unplanned fire requiring suppression action, outside the prescribed burn unit which cannot be brought back into prescription.

Extreme Weather – When experienced, could be one, or a combination of the following: Unseasonably hot and dry for a prolonged period of ti8me and/or strong winds. Fire Weather Watches and Red Flag Warnings issued by the National Weather service constitute an extreme weather forecast.

Fireline – A fire control line that is dug or scraped to mineral soil by hand or machine according to minimum clearance standards. In certain areas this may be a natural barrier (road, river, rock, etc.).

Firing – The intentional setting of fire to fuels during the ignition phase of prescribed burning

Firing Boss (FIRB) – Supervised by the Burn Boss and provides direction to lighting crew during ignition of the unit.

Fire Crew Member (FFT-2): All other Crew Members shall have met the training requirements for Firefighter Type 2 and the performance tasks in PMS 311-15 (PTB) for FFT2.

Flame Length – A common parameter mentioned in Burn Plans to depict the mid-flame height of a flaming front, this parameter is commonly used in determining various resource objectives.

Flaming Front – That zone of a moving fire within which the combustion is primarily flaming. Behind this flaming zone, combustion is primarily glowing.

Flanks of a Fire – The parts of a fire’s perimeter that are roughly parallel to the main direction of spread.

Flare-up – any sudden acceleration of fire spread or intensity. Unlike a blow-up, a flare-up is of relatively short duration and does not radically change existing plans.

Free Burning – The condition of a fire or part of a fire that has not been checked by natural barriers or control measures.

Fuel Modification Zone Construction - Treatment of an area to reduce adverse fire effects, limit rate of spread, and establish defensible areas during fire suppression activities by slashing shrubs, small vegetation and the pruning of live vegetation. Treated areas are usually along ridge lines, between separate stand and vegetative types, or adjacent to private property

Fuels Pullback - Removing surface fuels from the base of standing trees and snags for a designated distance and removal of ladder fuels by pruning for a designated height.

Head Fire – A fire front spreading or set to spread with the wind or upslope.

Hazard – the existence of a fuel complex that constitutes a threat of wildfire ignition, unacceptable fire behavior and severity, or suppression difficulty.

Hazard Reduction – The planned treatment or manipulation of naturally growing vegetation or any other flammable material for the purpose of reducing rate of spread and outpu8t of heat energy from any wildfire occurring in the area treated.

Healthy Tree – A healthy tree is one that is undamaged due to defects or deformity resulting from agents such as wind, snow. Animals, insects, disease and equipment, as evidenced by such things as dead or broken tops or trunks, crooks and deep scars and having a crown ratio of 25% or greater.

Holding – Actions required to contain the fire within the natural or constructed fireline and prevent spots, slop overs and escapes.

Holding/suppression – Monitoring the burning area closest to the fire line, detecting and extinguishing fire or smokes that are outside of the fire line. Water, water foam mixtures and dirt may be used to extinguish burning material. Holding activities occur near the fire line, or in the event of dense smoke and reduced visibility, holding may occur in an area of improved visibility a short distance outside of the fire line. Holding distance from the fire line will be the expected spotting distance as described in the pre-operational briefing. Generally, holding activities follow the flaming front of the prescribed fire.

Holding Boss or Holding Specialist (CRWB – Crew Boss) – The individual who provides direction to those personnel responsible for holding the line during the ignition and cool down period(s).

Ignition – to light and maintain control of the fire so as to consume slash and debris on the ground without exceeding parameters of the burning prescription.

Improvement – Any man-made structure, including but not limited to roads, fences, utility lines, buildings and water sources.

Infrared Device – A tool that locates hot area through photography or other hand held devices (ex. Probeye or hand held I.R.).

Intermediate Burn – This may include burns conducted early in the spring or burns where topography or fuels conditions limit adverse consequences from fire intensity or spread. Some control problems may be present due to location, aspects or the presence of adjacent fuel complexes.

Inspector – Inspectors will be designated by the COR. The duties and responsibilities of an Inspector are defined in the letter of designation issued by the COR.

Ignition – The act of starting the prescribed fire. Ignition devices that may be used are drip torches and fusees.

Contractor will ensure any hand crew members assigned to ignition duties are trained and qualified to operate ignition devices safely and competently.

Jackpot - Concentration of slash or natural fuels, heavier than the surrounding areas.

Jackpot Burn - Burning jackpot fuels at a time or conditions that won't allow the fire to spread from the target area.

Ladder Fuels - Fuels that provide vertical continuity between the ground and the tree crowns, thus creating a pathway for surface fire to move into the overstory tree crowns.

Last Detectable Fire – Indicates a bench mark as a progressive stage of mop-up and is declared by the Government.

It is achieved by an inspection of the unit by whatever means the COR/Fire Representative Feels is adequate (including infra-red scanning) to assure the government that all fire has been extinguished.

Lateral Lines - Hose lays that provide water delivery off of the trunk or main line.

Leave Group - Multiple trees and/or shrubs selected according to the Item and/or task order specifications not to be slashed or cut within a designated area. Group would be defined by written instructions in task order.

Leave Trees or Shrubs or Leave Vegetation - Vegetation selected according to the Item and/or task order specifications not to be slashed or cut. May include conifers, hardwoods, shrubs, or clumps.

Litter - Needles, duff, twigs, cones and leaves.

Mainline - A hose lay which provides transportation of water from the source to lateral lines.

Maximum Management Area - See Allowable Area.

Mineral Soil – The layer of soil immediately below the duff layer and which contains no organic (vegetative) material.

Mobilization - The act of delivering all ordered personnel and equipment to the project area.

Mop-up - The act of extinguishing the prescribed fire after the initial burn period. Water, water foam mixtures and dirt may be used to extinguish burning material, or burning material may be removed from near firelines, logs may be trenched to prevent rolling, and burning or burnt material may be carefully examined and monitored to ensure it is extinguished. The minimum performance level for mop up is 1/3 acre per person per 8 hour day.

Mop-Up Boss - The individual who provides direction to those personnel responsible for extinguishing the fire after ignition and holding are completed and until the COR accepts the unit.

Patrol – Similar to holding activities except that patrolling begins after the ignition has been completed. Patrolling may occur immediately after ignition, or during subsequent burn periods.

Percent Cover - Portion of the project area beneath the dripline of vegetation to be cut as seen from an aerial photo type of view. Does not include reserve vegetation.

Prescribed Burning - The burning of forest or range fuels on a specific area under predetermined conditions so that the fire is confined to that area to fulfill Silvicultural, wildlife management, sanitary or hazard reduction requirements, or otherwise achieve forestry or range objectives.

Prescribed Burn Plan – Also known as the Burn Plan. This written plan which includes burn area description, resource and prescribed fire objectives, fuel descriptions, weather and fuel parameters, acceptable fire behavior, smoke management, and other considerations, ignition schedule, ignition and holding plan, safety considerations, workforce and equipment needs, unit maps, escape contingency plan, crew briefing and go/no go checklist, and the complexity rating of the burn project. The plan must be reviewed and approved prior to implementation.

Prescribed Fire - Controlled application of fire to wildland fuels in either their natural or modified state, under specified environmental conditions which allow the fire to be confined to a predetermined area and at the same time to produce the intensity of heat and rate of spread required to attain planned resource management objectives.

Project Area - The area being treated as identified by the task order.

Pruning - Removal of live and dead limbs from standing trees for a specified height for the purpose of removing ladder fuels. Pruned material is usually pulled back from the tree bole for a specified distance.

Reburn - Open flames that develop after the ignition phase in fuels that have previously ignited.

Residual Tree – Any tree not designated for cutting.

Reserved Vegetation or Reserved Areas - Species of vegetation, vegetation size limits, locations, or all within a project area that are reserved from treatment. Reserve vegetation, vegetation size limits or areas can be designated by the Government with marking (paint, flagging, or sign), by written task order instructions, or contract specifications. The COR may designate additional reserve vegetation, vegetation size limits, or reserve areas.

Reserved vegetation, vegetation size limits, and areas shall not be damaged or cut, and shall not be considered in the spacing of leave trees or shrubs.

Riparian or Riparian Reserve Buffer (Zone) – A no-treatment area along a stream channel edge or outer edge of a riparian vegetation zone, whichever is larger, dependent on the stream classification. Buffer width and location will be identified in the task order and will be excluded from the acreage for payment.

Single Resource Boss-crew (CRWB): Responsible for supervising and directing a fire suppression hand crew. The Crew Boss shall have met the training and experience requirements for Single Resource - Crew Boss and the performance tasks in PMS 311-13 (PTB) for CRWB.

Scorch – Discoloration of trees, branches, and/or needles caused by excessive heat.

Shrub (or brush) - Any vegetation consisting of woody perennial plant usually having single or multiple stems originating at or near the ground level and less than 25 feet in height.

Slash - Any cut vegetation or existing natural (dead and down) woody debris.

Slash Depth – The vertical distance from the duff layer to the highest slash particle on a sampling plot.

Slop over - Fire that crosses an established control line but can be contained by personnel, equipment, and in a location identified in the Prescribed Fire Plan (Countermeasures for Slop over).

Snag - A standing tree or part of a tree that is dead or has 10 percent or less live crown.

Spot Fire - Any fire located outside of the burn unit caused by airborne fire brands or radiated heat emitted from the prescribed fire.

Stream Channel - That area influenced by high water at the time of the year with the highest flow.

Surplus Vegetation - Includes trees and shrubs designated by the Government to be cut.

Squad Boss (FFT-1): Responsible for supervising and directing up to five fire crew members (FFT-2). Each Squad Boss shall have met the training and experience requirements for Advanced Firefighter/Squad Boss and the performance tasks in PMS 311-14 (PTB) for FFT1.

Swamper burning – igniting and burning while cutting and piling or lop and scattering a unit.

Tender Operator – (WTOP) An experienced and competent tender operator. The tender operator must have experience on the equipment type and model provided by the contractor.

Tons/Acre - Unit of measurement of fuel. May include one or more of the following items: slash, live vegetation, and duff.

Top Line - Fireline constructed on the top of the unit (running parallel to the contours, i.e. across the slope).

Trench - Cut at a 45-degree angle across the fireline to deflect burning material back into the burn.

Understory burn (underburn) - Prescribed burning executed within defined boundaries on an area which has an overstory of trees or shrubs. Prescribed burning is done beneath tree or shrub canopies to interrupt “ladder fuels” extending into the canopy for reduction of fuel hazard and to meet resource management objects. Burning is accomplished in such a manner as to minimize the mortality of designated overstory vegetation.

Undercut Line (Underslung) - Fireline constructed on the bottom of the unit (running parallel to the contour, i.e.

across the slope).

Water Bar - Trenches cut at a 45-degree angle across the fireline to deflect water and reduce erosion.

Water Tender - Self-propelled unit equipped with suitable tank, pump, pump power unit, values, hose, suction line, plus other accessories