Attachment 3 Technical Specifications.pdf

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

BID BOOK II

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

C-106 - 1

ITEM C-106: MAINTENANCE AND PROTECTION OF TRAFFIC

DESCRIPTION

106-1.1 GENERAL. This work shall consist of maintaining aircraft and vehicular traffic and protecting the public from damage to person and property within the limits of and for the duration of the Contract.

The following additional items are specifically included without limiting the generality implied by these Specifications and the Plans:

Restoration of all surfaces disturbed as a result of the Contractor's operations.

Installation, maintenance and removal of temporary access roads and haul roads. Construction of permanent access roads and maintenance and repair of existing access roads.

Installation and maintenance of permanent or temporary fences and access gates, if required.

Installation, maintenance and removal of temporary barricades, warning signs, hazard markings, displaced runway markings, runway closure markings.

Installation, maintenance and removal and temporary lights and lighting circuits.

Installation, maintenance and removal of barricade lights.

Cleaning and maintenance of all paved areas, including affected portion of main highways, and any dust control measures that may be necessary.

Supplying of gate monitor, runway crossing guards and observers, and radios if necessary.

Restoration of staging areas, borrow pits, and haul roads outside of the grading limits in accordance with Items T-901, and T-905.

Removal of temporary or interim runway and taxiway markings to the satisfaction of the Engineer and Owner.

MATERIALS

106-2.1 AIRPORT LOW PROFILE BARRICADES. Barricades used for the temporary closures of taxiways or aprons, and permanent barricades supplied to the Owner (if requried by the Contract), shall be low profile Model NAV-PVC2310 as manufactured by Nuebert Aero Corp.

of Tampa Florida or equal.

They shall be provided with alternating high reflective white and orange tape stripes, three way State DOT approved red lights, and always extended orange flags at least 12 inches square.

Barricades shall be securely held in place by means of sand bags or other approved means.

C-106 - 2

Barricades shall be routinely inspected to replace damaged units and to replace batteries.

Barricades shall be provided and maintained as needed.

106-2.2 TYPE III LIGHTED BARRICADES. Where required, barricades used for the temporary closure of vehicle roadways shall be Type III lighted barricades in accordance with FDOT design standards index 600. Barricades shall be securely held in place by means of sand bags or other approved means. Barricades shall be routinely inspected to replace damaged units and to replace batteries. Barricades shall be provided and maintained as needed.

106-2.3 TEMPORARY RUNWAY CLOSURE MARKERS.

RUNWAY CLOSURE MARKERS ARE NOT REQUIRED FOR THIS PROJECT.

106-2.3-1.1 L-893, Raised-Lighted “X” Runway Closure Markers. The Contractor shall operate & maintain these "X"s for the entire duration of the Contract. The “X”s shall conform to the requirements of AC 150/5345-55A and be certified under AC 150/5345-53C. X's shall be Halibrite model RCM-D, or approved equal. Approval shall be obtained through the shop drawing review process. The ideal placement location is over the runway designation numeral or, if required by construction acitivty, within 250’ of the runway end.

106-2.3-1.2 Laydown (Unlighted) “X” Runway Closure Markers. Unlit runway closure markers laid on the ground are required for this project. The ideal placement location is over the runway designation numeral or, when required by construction activity, just off the runway end.

The temporary “X” marker shall be per Figure 25 of AC 150/5340-1K, and shall be constructed of an easily removable material such as plywood, plastic, or fabric. If the materials are not secured by their own weight, then sandbags or other suitable anchors shall be used to keep the temporary “X” securely in place. The Engineer shall approve the materials being used prior to placement.

The Airport will provide laydown runway closure markers at the Contractor’s request.

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

106-3.1 Payment for maintenance and protection of traffic will be made on a lump sum basis.

The lump sum shall include all items required to satisfy this Specification and the requirements of the Plans as they relate to Maintenancea & Protection of Traffic.

BASIS OF PAYMENT

106-4.1 The lump sum price bid for maintenance and protection of traffic shall include all equipment, materials and labor necessary to adequately and safely maintain and protect aircraft and vehicular traffic.

In the event the contract completion date is extended, no additional payment will be made for maintenance and protection of traffic.

Progress payments will be made for this item in proportion to the total amount of contract work completed, less any deductions for unsatisfactory maintenance and protection of traffic.

C-106 - 3

No payment will be made under maintenance and protection of traffic for each calendar day during which there are substantial deficiencies in compliance with the Specification requirements of any subsection of this Item as determined by the Engineer.

The amount of such calendar day non-payment will be determined by dividing the lump sum amount bid for maintenance and protection of traffic by the number of calendar days between the date the Contractor commences work and the date of completion as designated in this proposal, without regard to any extension of contract time.

If the Contractor fails to maintain and protect traffic adequately and safely for a period of 24 hours, the Owner shall correct the adverse conditions by any means it deems appropriate and shall deduct the cost of the corrective work from any monies due the Contractor. The cost of this work shall be in addition to the liquidated damages and non-payment for maintenance and protection of traffic listed above.

However, where major nonconformance with the requirements of this Specification is noted by the Engineer and prompt Contractor compliance is deemed not to be obtainable, all contract work may be stopped by direct order of the Engineer regardless of whether corrections are made by the Owner as stated in the paragraph above.

Payment will be made under:

Item C-106-4.1 - MAINTENANCE AND PROTECTION OF TRAFFIC – per lump sum

END ITEM C-106

C-108 - 1

ITEM C-108: PROJECT SURVEY, STAKEOUT, AND RECORD DRAWINGS

108-1.1 Under this item, the Contractor shall do all necessary surveying required to construct all elements of the Project as shown on the Plans and specified in the Proposal and Specifications. This shall include but not be limited to stakeout, layout and elevations for pavements, structures, forms and appurtenances as shown and required, consistent with the current practices and shall be performed by competently qualified personnel acceptable to the Engineer. The stakeout survey shall proceed immediately following the award of the Contract and shall be expeditiously progressed to completion in a manner and at a rate satisfactory to the Engineer. The Contractor shall keep the Engineer fully informed as to the progress of the stakeout survey. All survey work shall be provided under the direction of a licensed land surveyor.

108-2.1 All instruments, equipment, stakes, and any other material necessary to perform the work satisfactorily shall be provided by the Contractor.

All stakes used shall be of a type approved by the Engineer. It shall always be the Contractor’s responsibility to maintain these stakes in their proper location and position.

Record drawing deliverables shall meet the requirements of the Sections 108-4.1 and 108-4.2 as applicable to the project.

CONSTRUCTION DETAILS

108-3.1 The Contractor shall trim trees, brush, and other interfering objects, not consistent with the Plans, from survey lines in advance of all survey work to permit accurate and unimpeded work by his stakeout survey crews and cross-section and topographic survey crews.

The exact position of all work shall be established from control points, baseline transit points or other points of similar nature which are shown on the Plans and/or modified by the Engineer. Any error, apparent discrepancy, or absence in or of data shown or required for accurately accomplishing the stakeout survey shall be referred to the Engineer for interpretation.

The Contractor shall place two offset stakes or references at each centerline station and at such intermediate locations as the Engineer may direct. From computations and measurements made by the Contractor, these stakes shall be clearly and legibly marked with the correct centerline station number, offset and cut or fill to permit the establishment of the exact centerline location and elevation during construction. If markings become faded or blurred for any reason, the markings shall be restored by the Contractor and at the request of the Engineer. The Contractor shall locate and place all cut, fill, slope, fine grade or other stakes and points, as the Engineer may direct, for the proper progress of the work. All control points shall be properly guarded and flagged for easy identification.

C-108 - 2

Drainage structures shall be staked out by the Contractor at the locations and elevations shown on the Plans or as specified by the Engineer.

Reference points, baselines, stakes, and benchmarks for borrow pits shall be established by the Contractor.

Settlement gauges shall be established on subgrade in embankment areas, as shown on the plans, after topsoil stripping is complete.

Permanent survey marker locations shall be established and referenced by the Contractor.

The Contractor shall be responsible for the accuracy of his work and shall maintain all reference points, stakes, etc., throughout the life of the Contract. Damaged or destroyed points, benchmarks or stakes, or any reference points made inaccessible by the progress of the construction, shall be replaced or transferred by the Contractor. Any of the above points which may be destroyed or damaged shall be transferred by the Contractor before construction begins. All control points shall be referenced by ties to acceptable objects and recorded. Any alterations or revisions in the ties shall be so noted and the information furnished to the Engineer immediately. All stakeout survey work shall be referenced to the centerlines shown on the Plans. All computations necessary to establish the exact position of the work from control points shall be made and preserved by the Contractor. All computations, survey notes and other records necessary to accomplish the work shall be neatly made. Such computations, survey notes and other records shall be made available to the Engineer upon request and delivered to the Engineer not later than the date of acceptance of the Contract, to become the property of the owner.

The Engineer may check all or any portion of the stakeout survey work or notes made by the Contractor. Any necessary correction to the work shall be made immediately by the Contractor. Such checking by the Engineer shall not relieve the Contractor of any responsibilities for the accuracy or completeness of his work.

Prior to the final cross-section and topo survey of the Project by the Contractor, the Contractor shall re-establish centerline or baseline points and stationing as required by the Engineer.

Prior to the final cross-section survey of any borrow pits by the Contractor; the Contractor shall reestablish baseline points and stationing, as well as any necessary benchmarks as required by the Engineer.

During the progress of the construction work, the Contractor will be required to furnish all of the surveying and stakeout incidental to the proper location by line and grade for each phase of the work.

For paving and any other operation requiring extreme accuracy, the Contractor will restake with pins or other acceptable hubs located directly adjacent to the work at a spacing directed by the Engineer.

Any existing stakes, iron pins, survey monuments or other markers defining property lines which may be disturbed during construction shall be properly tied into fixed reference points before construction begins and accurately reset in their proper position upon completion of the work.

C-108 - 3

The Contractor shall set nails or pins flush with finished grade on the centerline of the runway pavement at each runway threshold. The set points shall be located, elevated and referenced to the project coordinate system. The as-built runway threshold elevation and coordinates shall be given to the Engineer.

Just prior to completion of the Contract, the Contractor shall reestablish if necessary, and retie all control points as permanently as possible, to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

AS-BUILT DRAWINGS

108-4.1. REDLINE DRAWINGS. The Contractor shall be provided one (1) set of full-size construction drawings by the Engineer for the sole purpose of recording as-built conditions. The Contractor shall mark each sheet of the non-reproducible drawings in red pencil and record thereon in a legible manner, (heretofore known as redline drawings) any and all field changes and conditions as they occur. A complete file of approved field sketches, diagrams, and other approved changes/modifications shall be maintained and attached to the redline drawings.

A Redline set of As-Built drawings shall be kept current during the progress of the work. All deviations from the proposed drawings shall be noted. Special attention shall be given to note any shift in the location of underground items (utilities, pipes, etc) to facilitate accurately locating underground items on the final As-Built drawings.

Redline drawings shall be reviewed by the Engineer for accuracy as often as deemed necessary by the Engineer. Errors or omissions that are identified shall be promptly corrected. The Engineer may withhold the monthly progress payment request until such time as the redline drawings have been updated by the Contractor. At the completion of the work, each sheet of the redline drawings, plus all approved field sketches and diagrams shall be certified by the Contractor as reflecting the as-built conditions of the work. The Contractor shall thereafter submit to the Engineer the original redline drawings, referenced above, for approval prior to release of any retainage and establishing the value of the work.

108-4.2. FINAL AS-BUILT AND ELECTRONIC DRAWINGS. Horizontal datum shall be State Plane Coordinates derived from North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Vertical Datum shall be North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 1988). The location and elevation all benchmarks used shall be shown on the As-Built drawings.

The As-Built drawings shall accurately reflect and shall encompass all alterations that occurred during the progress of the work. The term As-Built Condition, referenced in this specification, shall be defined as the result of construction alterations. All proposed lines and proposed features on the design drawings that do not accurately reflect the As-Built condition shall not be shown on the As- Built drawings. Such proposed lines and features shall be erased and redrawn or otherwise modified on the As-Built drawings to accurately reflect the As-Built Condition. All proposed notes on the design drawings that do not reflect the As-Built Condition shall not be shown on the As-Built drawings. Such notes shall be erased and replaced, struck-through and corrected, or otherwise modified to accurately reflect the As-Built Condition. Design elevations that deviate from As-Built

C-108 - 4 elevations shall be struck-through, and the As-Built elevation shall be noted adjacent to the struck-through design elevation.

The Contractor shall provide original and finished grade, As-Built topographic survey of all areas altered during construction. Unless otherwise noted, As-Built elevations shall be measured at 50 feet intervals (50 feet grid), at changes in surface slope, and at limits of construction alteration (grading, clearing or otherwise). This spacing requirement applies to paved and unpaved surfaces that do not have specific topographic measurement spacing requirements defined elsewhere. A topographic digital terrain model (DTM) that can be utilized in .dwg, CAD format, version 2004 or later shall be provided for all areas altered during construction. DTM shall mean the AutoCAD surface generated from surface data points (location and elevation) connected by TIN (triangulated irregular network) lines.

Ditches: As-Built elevations shall be measured along the centerline, at toes of slopes, and at tops of bank. These measurements shall be taken at 50 feet intervals and at the beginning and end points of the ditch alteration.

Storm Drains, Structures, and Retention/Detention Ponds: All piping, wyes, tees, manholes, inlets, cleanouts and points of connection to the existing system shall be located and shown on the As-Built Drawings. Runs of storm sewers shall be identified (i.e. 300’ of 15” RCP at S=.004).

Elevations shall be given for top of rim/grate of all manhole covers and inlets. Elevations shall be given for all manhole, inlet, and catch basin inverts. Elevations shall be given for underdrain inverts at the location of cleanouts. Elevations shall be given for control structure weirs, orifices, and outfall elevations. Elevations shall be given for inverts of all outfall pipes. Elevations shall be given for the bottom of pond and top of bank for Retention/Detention ponds. Elevations may be required for any other pertinent design data not listed here.

Potable Water, Sanitary Gravity Sewer, Sanitary Force Mains, Pumping Stations, Reclaimed Water, and other Utilities: At a minimum, the same extent of data provided in the design drawings shall be measured and provided as as-built information in the As-Built drawings.

Buildings shall be marked to indicate any and all changes made. As-built drawings will also include the installed size, elevation and location of all interior equipment, structures, and concealed materials, including plumbing, electrical conduits, ducts, air and chemical pipes. All additional AIA General Provision and technical specification requirements of this Contract as they relate to Project Record Documents and Project Closeout shall be met.

A review-set of Final As-Built drawings shall be submitted to the Engineer (electronic PDF or CAD files is acceptable) and if requested modifications shall be made. When modifications are required, the Contractor shall make the requested modifications and submit a revised review-set. Written approval from the Engineer shall be given prior to submitting the Final As-Built drawings described in the below paragraph.

A review-set of Final As-Built drawings shall be submitted to the Engineer (electronic PDF or CAD files is acceptable) and if requested modifications shall be made. When modifications are required, the Contractor shall make the requested modifications and submit a revised review-set. Written

C-108 - 5 approval from the Engineer shall be given prior to submitting the Final As-Built drawings described in the below paragraph.

The Final As-Built drawings shall be prepared, signed, and sealed by a licensed Professional Surveyor. These drawings shall describe all alterations that occurred during the construction project.

The Contractor shall provide one (1) set of Redline As-Built drawings, five (5) sets of signed and sealed Final As-Built drawings, and one (1) electronic copy of the As-Built drawings in CAD (version 2004 or later) including a DTM of all topographic information. Final payment for this project will not be made until the As-Built drawings have been reviewed and accepted by the engineer. Cost of producing the As-built drawings shall be considered incidental to the contract unless a specific pay item is provided.

METHOD OF MEASURMENT

108-7.1 This is a Lump Sum Item and thus there is no measurement for payment. The Item shall be completed per the requirements of this specification.

108-8.1 The lump sum price bid shall include the cost of furnishing all labor, equipment, instruments, and all other material necessary to satisfactorily complete all requirements of this specification. Partial payments may be made at the discretion of the Engineer as the work progresses.

Payment will be made under:

Item C-108-8.1 – Project Survey and Stakeout – per lump sum

Item C-108-8.2 – As-Built Drawings – per lump sum

END ITEM C-108-8

P-101 - 1

ITEM P-101: PREPARATION/REMOVAL OF EXISTING PAVEMENTS

DESCRIPTION

101-1 This item shall consist of preparation of existing pavement surfaces for overlay, surface treatments, removal of existing pavement, and other miscellaneous items. The work shall be accomplished in accordance with these specifications and the applicable plans.

EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS

101-2 All equipment and materials shall be specified here and in the following paragraphs or approved by the Resident Project Representative (RPR). The equipment shall not cause damage to the pavement to remain in place.

CONSTRUCTION

101-3.1 REMOVAL OF EXISTING PAVEMENT.

a. Concrete: The existing concrete to be removed shall be freed from the pavement to remain unless jackhammers are used for the complete removal. This shall be accomplished by line drilling or sawing through the complete depth of the slab one foot inside the perimeter of the final removal limits or outside the load transfer devices, whichever is greater. In this case, the limits of removal would be located on joints. If line drilling is used, the distance between holes shall not exceed the diameter of the hole. The pavement between the perimeter of the pavement removal and the saw cut or line-drilled holes shall be removed with a jackhammer. Where the perimeter of the removal limits is not located on the joint, the perimeter shall be saw cut 2 inches in depth or 1/4 the slab thickness, whichever is less. Again, the concrete shall be line drilled or saw cut the full depth of the pavement 6 inches inside the removal limits. The pavement inside the saw cut or line shall be broken by methods suitable to the Contractor; however, if the material is to be wasted on the airport site, it shall be reduced to a maximum size designated by the airport owner. The Contractor's removal operation shall not cause damage to cables, utility ducts, pipelines, or drainage structures under the pavement. Any damage shall be repaired by the Contractor at no expense to the airport owner.

b. Asphalt pavement removal. Asphalt pavement to be removed shall be cut to the full depth of the asphalt pavement around the perimeter of the area to be removed.

Asphaltic concrete pavement to be removed shall be cut to the full depth of the bituminous material around the perimeter of the area to be removed. The pavement shall be removed in such a manner that the joint for each layer of pavement replacement is offset two feet from the joint in the preceding layer. This does not apply if the removed pavement is to be replaced with concrete or soil. If the material is to be wasted on the airport site, it shall be broken to a maximum size as designated by the airport owner.

P-101 - 2

c. Limerock Removal – All limerock identified on the plans to removed shall be incidental to the asphaltic concrete pavement removal.

101-3.3: COLD PLANING (MILLING).

a. Patching: The machine shall be capable of cutting a vertical edge without chipping or spalling the edges of the pavement to remain. The machine shall have a positive method of controlling the depth of cut. The Engineer shall layout the area to be milled. The area shall be laid out with straightedges in increments of 1-foot widths. The area to be milled shall cover only the failed area. Any excessive area that is milled because the Contractor doesn't have the appropriate machine, or areas that are damaged because of his negligence, shall not be included in the measurement for payment.

b. Profiling, Grade Correction, or Surface Correction: The machine shall have a minimum width of 10 feet. It shall be equipped with electronic grade control devices on both sides that will cut the surface to the grade and tolerances specified. The machine shall cut vertical edges.

A positive method of dust control shall be provided. The machine shall be capable of discharging the millings in a truck or leaving them in a defined windrow.

c. Construction Requirements: When milling to improve rideability or cross slope, remove the existing pavement to the average depth specified in the plans, in a manner that will restore the pavement surface to a uniform cross-section and longitudinal profile. The Engineer may require the use of a stringline to ensure maintaining the proper alignment.

Establish the longitudinal profile of the milled surface in accordance with the milling plans, if provided. Ensure that the final cross slope of the milled surface parallels the surface cross slope shown on the plans or as directed by the Engineer. Establish the cross slope of the milled surface by a second sensing device near the outside edge of the cut or by an automatic cross slope control mechanism. The plans may waive the requirement of automatic grade or cross slope controls where the situation warrants such action.

Operate the milling machine to minimize the amount of dust being emitted. The Engineer may require pre-wetting of the pavement.

Provide positive drainage of the milled surface and the adjacent pavement. Perform this operation on the same day as milling. Repave all milled surfaces no later than the day after the surface was milled unless otherwise stated in the plans.

If traffic is to be maintained on the milled surface prior to the placement of the new asphalt concrete, provide suitable transitions between areas of varying thickness to create a smooth longitudinal riding surface. Produce a pattern of striations that will provide an acceptable riding surface.

Sweep the milled surface with a power broom prior to placing asphalt concrete.

In urban and other sensitive areas, use a street sweeper or other equipment capable of removing excess milled materials and controlling dust. Obtain the Engineer's approval of such equipment, contingent upon its demonstrated ability to do the work.

P-101 - 3

Perform the sweeping operation immediately after the milling operations or as directed by the Engineer.

c. Milled Material. Milled material shall become property of the Owner and shall be hauled and stockpiled at the location specified in the Plans or as directed by the Engineer.

101-3.4: MISCELLANEOUS DEMOLITION. Miscellaneous Demolition shall include all items identified for removal in the Demolition Plans which are not included under another Pay Item any necessary clearing and grubbing incidental to all work items.

101-3.5: SAWCUTTING. Existing pavement and overlay shall be saw cut perpendicular to the roadway surface along neat lines, and to the depth indicated on the plans and typical sections. A power saw approved by the Engineer shall be used for cutting asphalt surface course and asphalt overlay. A power saw shall be used for cutting concrete pavement. After the existing asphalt pavement, concrete pavement, asphalt surface course or overlay has been saw cut through, the contractor may use pry bars, pneumatic tools or other methods approved by the Engineer, to pry loose the existing pavement from that pavement which is to remain. A pavement breaker, under the supervision of the Engineer, may be used to break up the pavement to be removed after the pavement has been completely saw cut through and completely free from the pavement to remain. Any existing pavements and curbs not indicated to be removed that are damaged by the contractor's operations, shall be repaired by him to the satisfaction of the Engineer at no additional cost to the Airport.

101-3.6. Preparation of asphalt pavement surfaces prior to surface treatment. Existing asphalt pavements to be treated with a surface treatment shall be prepared as follows:

a. Patch asphalt pavement surfaces that have been softened by petroleum derivatives or have failed due to any other cause. Remove damaged pavement to the full depth of the damage and replace with new asphalt pavement similar to that of the existing pavement in accordance with paragraph 101-3.4b.

b. Repair joints and cracks in accordance with paragraph 101-3.2.

c. Remove oil or grease that has not penetrated the asphalt pavement by scrubbing with a detergent and washing thoroughly with clean water. After cleaning, treat these areas with an oil spot primer.

d. Clean pavement surface immediately prior to placing the surface treatment so that it is free of dust, dirt, grease, vegetation, oil or any type of objectionable surface film.

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

a. General: If there is no quantity shown in the bidding schedule, the work covered by this section shall be considered as a subsidiary obligation of the Contractor covered under the other contract items. Only accepted work will be measured.

b. Pavement Removal (including limerock removal/ full depth): The unit of measurement for pavement removal shall be the number of square yards (square meters) removed by the Contractor. Any pavement removed outside the limits of removal because the

P-101 - 4 pavement was damaged by negligence on the part of the Contractor shall not be included in the measurement for payment. No direct measurement or payment shall be made for saw cutting.

Saw cutting shall be incidental to pavement removal.

c. Pavement Removal (4-inch Bituminous Layer Only): The unit of measurement for pavement removal shall be the number of square yards (square meters) removed by the Contractor. Any pavement removed outside the limits of removal because the pavement was damaged by negligence on the part of the Contractor shall not be included in the measurement for payment. No direct measurement or payment shall be made for saw cutting. Saw cutting shall be incidental to pavement removal.

d. Electrical/Lighting Demolition, Complete: The work and incidental costs specified as being covered under this item will be paid for on a lump sum basis.

BASIS OF PAYMENT

101-5.1 Payment. Payment shall be made at contract unit price for the unit of measurement as specified above. This price shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials and for all preparation, hauling, and placing of the material and for all labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary to complete this item.

Item P-101-5.1 Pavement Removal, Full Depth Including Base Rock – Per Square Yard

Item P 101 5.2 Pavement Removal, 4-inch Bituminous Layer – Per Square Yard

Item P-101-5.3 Electrical/Lighting Demolition, Complete – Per Lump Sum

REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the basic designation only.

Advisory Circulars (AC)

AC 150/5380-6 Guidelines and Procedures for Maintenance of Airport Pavements.

ASTM International (ASTM)

ASTM D6690 Standard Specification for Joint and Crack Sealants, Hot Applied, for Concrete and Asphalt Pavements

END OF ITEM P-101

P-152 - 1

Item P-152 Excavation, Subgrade, and Embankment

DESCRIPTION

152-1.1 This item covers excavation, disposal, placement, and compaction of all materials within the limits of the work required to construct safety areas, runways, taxiways, aprons, and intermediate areas as well as other areas for drainage, building construction, parking, or other purposes in accordance with these specifications and in conformity to the dimensions and typical sections shown on the plans. Perform work in accordance with an approved Quality Control Plan meeting the requirements of GP 100.

152-1.2 Classification. All material excavated shall be classified as defined below:

a. Unclassified excavation. Unclassified excavation shall consist of the excavation and disposal of all material, regardless of its nature which is not otherwise classified and paid for under one of the following items.

b. Topsoil Stripping excavation. Topsoil striping excavation shall include removal of the existing grass and topsoil layer.

152-1.3 Unsuitable excavation. Materials containing vegetable or organic matter, such as muck, peat, organic silt, or sod shall be considered unsuitable for use in embankment construction.

Material suitable for topsoil may be used on the embankment slope when approved by the RPR.

CONSTRUCTION METHODS

152-2.1 General. Before beginning excavation, grading, and embankment operations in any area, the area shall be cleared or cleared and grubbed in accordance with Item P-151.

The suitability of material to be placed in embankments shall be subject to approval by the RPR.

All unsuitable material shall be disposed of off-site at Contractor’s expense unless there are designated on-site waste areas shown on the plans. All waste areas shall be graded to allow positive drainage of the area and adjacent areas. The surface elevation of waste areas shall be specified on the plans or approved by the RPR.

When the Contractor’s excavating operations encounter artifacts of historical or archaeological significance, the operations shall be temporarily discontinued and the RPR notified per Section 70, paragraph 70-20. At the direction of the RPR, the Contractor shall excavate the site in such a manner as to preserve the artifacts encountered and allow for their removal. Such excavation will be paid for as extra work.

Areas outside the limits of the pavement areas where the top layer of soil has become compacted by hauling or other Contractor activities shall be scarified and disked to a depth of 4 inches (100 mm), to loosen and pulverize the soil. Stones or rock fragments larger than 4 inches (100 mm) in their greatest dimension will not be permitted in the top 6 inches (150 mm) of the subgrade.

P-152 - 2

If it is necessary to interrupt existing surface drainage, sewers or under-drainage, conduits, utilities, or similar underground structures, the Contractor shall be responsible for and shall take all necessary precautions to preserve them or provide temporary services. When such facilities are encountered, the Contractor shall notify the RPR, who shall arrange for their removal if necessary. The Contractor, at their own expense, shall satisfactorily repair or pay the cost of all damage to such facilities or structures that may result from any of the Contractor’s operations during the period of the contract.

a. Blasting. Blasting shall not be allowed.

152-2.2 Excavation. No excavation shall be started until the work has been staked out by the Contractor and the RPR has obtained from the Contractor, the survey notes of the elevations and measurements of the ground surface. The Contractor and RPR shall agree that the original ground lines shown on the original topographic mapping are accurate, or agree to any adjustments made to the original ground lines.

Digital terrain model (DTM) files of the existing surfaces, finished surfaces and other various surfaces were used to develop the design plans.

Volumetric quantities were calculated by comparing DTM files of the applicable design surfaces and generating Triangle Volume Reports. Electronic copies of DTM files and a paper copy of the original topographic map will be issued to the successful bidder.

Existing grades on the design cross sections or DTM’s, where they do not match the locations of actual spot elevations shown on the topographic map, were developed by computer interpolation from those spot elevations. Prior to disturbing original grade, Contractor shall verify the accuracy of the existing ground surface by verifying spot elevations at the same locations where original field survey data was obtained as indicated on the topographic map. Contractor shall recognize that, due to the interpolation process, the actual ground surface at any particular location may differ somewhat from the interpolated surface shown on the design cross sections or obtained from the DTM’s. Contractor's verification of original ground surface, however, shall be limited to verification of spot elevations as indicated herein, and no adjustments will be made to the original ground surface unless the Contractor demonstrates that spot elevations shown are incorrect. For this purpose, spot elevations which are within 0.1 foot (30 mm) of the stated elevations for ground surfaces, or within 0.04 foot (12 mm) for hard surfaces (pavements, buildings, foundations, structures, etc.) shall be considered “no change”. Only deviations in excess of these will be considered for adjustment of the original ground surface. If Contractor's verification identifies discrepancies in the topographic map, Contractor shall notify the RPR in writing at least two weeks before disturbance of existing grade to allow sufficient time to verify the submitted information and make adjustments to the design cross sections or DTM’s.

Disturbance of existing grade in any area shall constitute acceptance by the Contractor of the accuracy of the original elevations shown on the topographic map for that area.

All areas to be excavated shall be stripped of vegetation and topsoil. Topsoil shall be stockpiled for future use in areas designated on the plans or by the RPR. All suitable excavated material shall be used in the formation of embankment, subgrade, or other purposes as shown on the plans. All unsuitable material shall be disposed of as shown on the plans.

The grade shall be maintained so that the surface is well drained at all times.

P-152 - 3

When the volume of the excavation exceeds that required to construct the embankments to the grades as indicated on the plans, the excess shall be used to grade the areas of ultimate development or disposed as directed by the RPR. When the volume of excavation is not sufficient for constructing the embankments to the grades indicated, the deficiency shall be obtained from borrow areas.

a. Selective grading. When selective grading is indicated on the plans, the more suitable material designated by the RPR shall be used in constructing the embankment or in capping the pavement subgrade. If, at the time of excavation, it is not possible to place this material in its final location, it shall be stockpiled in approved areas until it can be placed. The more suitable material shall then be placed and compacted as specified. Selective grading shall be considered incidental to the work involved. The cost of stockpiling and placing the material shall be included in the various pay items of work involved.

b. Undercutting. Rock, shale, hardpan, loose rock, boulders, or other material unsatisfactory for safety areas, subgrades, roads, shoulders, or any areas intended for turf shall be excavated to a minimum depth of 12 inches (300 mm) below the subgrade or to the depth specified by the RPR. Muck, peat, matted roots, or other yielding material, unsatisfactory for subgrade foundation, shall be removed to the depth specified. Unsuitable materials shall be disposed off the airport. The cost is incidental to this item. ] This excavated material shall be paid for at the contract unit price per cubic yard (per cubic meter) for Unclassified Excavation. The excavated area shall be backfilled with suitable material obtained from the grading operations or borrow areas and compacted to specified densities. The necessary backfill will constitute a part of the embankment. Where rock cuts are made, backfill with select material. Any pockets created in the rock surface shall be drained in accordance with the details shown on the plans. Undercutting will be paid as unclassified excavation.

c. Over-break. Over-break, including slides, is that portion of any material displaced or loosened beyond the finished work as planned or authorized by the RPR. All over-break shall be graded or removed by the Contractor and disposed of as directed by the RPR. The RPR shall determine if the displacement of such material was unavoidable and their own decision shall be final. Payment will not be made for the removal and disposal of over-break that the RPR determines as avoidable. Unavoidable over-break will be classified as “Unclassified Excavation.”

d. Removal of utilities. The removal of existing structures and utilities required to permit the orderly progress of work will be accomplished by someone other than the Contractor, e.g., the utility unless otherwise shown on the plans. All existing foundations shall be excavated at least 2 feet (60 cm) below the top of subgrade or as indicated on the plans, and the material disposed of as directed by the RPR. All foundations thus excavated shall be backfilled with suitable material and compacted as specified for embankment or as shown on the plans.

152-2.3 Borrow excavation. Borrow areas are not required.

152-2.4 Drainage excavation. Drainage excavation shall consist of excavating drainage ditches including intercepting, inlet, or outlet ditches; or other types as shown on the plans. The work shall be performed in sequence with the other construction. Ditches shall be constructed prior to starting adjacent excavation operations. All satisfactory material shall be placed in embankment

P-152 - 4 fills; unsuitable material shall be placed in designated waste areas or as directed by the RPR. All necessary work shall be performed true to final line, elevation, and cross-section. The Contractor shall maintain ditches constructed on the project to the required cross-section and shall keep them free of debris or obstructions until the project is accepted.

152-2.5 Preparation of cut areas or areas where existing pavement has been removed. In those areas on which a subbase or base course is to be placed, the top 12 inches (300 mm) ] of subgrade shall be compacted to not less than 100 % of maximum density for non-cohesive soils, and 95% of maximum density for cohesive soils as determined by ASTM D1557. As used in this specification, "non-cohesive" shall mean those soils having a plasticity index (PI) of less than 3 as determined by ASTM D4318.

152-2.6 Preparation of embankment area. All sod and vegetative matter shall be removed from the surface upon which the embankment is to be placed. The cleared surface shall be broken up by plowing or scarifying to a minimum depth of 6 inches (150 mm) and shall then be compacted per paragraph 152-2.10.

Sloped surfaces steeper than one (1) vertical to four (4) horizontal shall be plowed, stepped, benched, or broken up so that the fill material will bond with the existing material. When the subgrade is part fill and part excavation or natural ground, the excavated or natural ground portion shall be scarified to a depth of 12 inches (300 mm) and compacted as specified for the adjacent fill.

No direct payment shall be made for the work performed under this section. The necessary clearing and grubbing and the quantity of excavation removed will be paid for under the respective items of work.

152-2.7 Control Strip. The first half-day of construction of subgrade and/or embankment shall be considered as a control strip for the Contractor to demonstrate, in the presence of the RPR, that the materials, equipment, and construction processes meet the requirements of this specification. The sequence and manner of rolling necessary to obtain specified density requirements shall be determined. The maximum compacted thickness may be increased to a maximum of 12 inches (300 mm) upon the Contractor’s demonstration that approved equipment and operations will uniformly compact the lift to the specified density. The RPR must witness this demonstration and approve the lift thickness prior to full production.

Control strips that do not meet specification requirements shall be reworked, re-compacted, or removed and replaced at the Contractor’s expense. Full operations shall not begin until the control strip has been accepted by the RPR. The Contractor shall use the same equipment, materials, and construction methods for the remainder of construction, unless adjustments made by the Contractor are approved in advance by the RPR.

152-2.8 Formation of embankments. The material shall be constructed in lifts as established in the control strip, but not less than 6 inches (150 mm) nor more than 12 inches (300 mm) of compacted thickness.

When more than one lift is required to establish the layer thickness shown on the plans, the construction procedure described here shall apply to each lift. No lift shall be covered by subsequent lifts until tests verify that compaction requirements have been met. The Contractor shall rework, re-compact and retest any material placed which does not meet the specifications.

P-152 - 5

The lifts shall be placed, to produce a soil structure as shown on the typical cross-section or as directed by the RPR. Materials such as brush, hedge, roots, stumps, grass and other organic matter, shall not be incorporated or buried in the embankment.

Earthwork operations shall be suspended at any time when satisfactory results cannot be obtained due to rain, freezing, or other unsatisfactory weather conditions in the field. Frozen material shall not be placed in the embankment nor shall embankment be placed upon frozen material. Material shall not be placed on surfaces that are muddy, frozen, or contain frost. The Contractor shall drag, blade, or slope the embankment to provide surface drainage at all times.

The material in each lift shall be within ±2% of optimum moisture content before rolling to obtain the prescribed compaction. The material shall be moistened or aerated as necessary to achieve a uniform moisture content throughout the lift. Natural drying may be accelerated by blending in dry material or manipulation alone to increase the rate of evaporation.

The Contractor shall make the necessary corrections and adjustments in methods, materials or moisture content to achieve the specified embankment density.

The [RPR][contractor] will take samples of excavated materials which will be used in embankment for testing and develop a Moisture-Density Relations of Soils Report (Proctor) in accordance with ASTM D 1557 . A new Proctor shall be developed for each soil type based on visual classification.

Density tests will be taken by the contractor for every 1500 square yards of compacted embankment for each lift which is required to be compacted, or other appropriate frequencies as determined by the RPR.

If the material has greater than 30% retained on the 3/4-inch (19.0 mm) sieve, follow AASHTO T-180 Annex Correction of maximum dry density and optimum moisture for oversized particles.

Rolling operations shall be continued until the embankment is compacted to not less than 100% of maximum density for non-cohesive soils, and 95% of maximum density for cohesive soils as determined by ASTM 1557. As used in this specification, "non-cohesive" shall mean those soils having a plasticity index (PI) of less than 3 as determined by ASTM D4318.

On all areas outside of the pavement areas, no compaction will be required on the top 4 inches (100 mm) which shall be prepared for topsoil in accordance with Item T-905.

The in-place field density shall be determined in accordance with ASTM 6938 using Procedure A, the direct transmission method, and ASTM D6938 shall be used to determine the moisture content of the material. The machine shall be calibrated in accordance with ASTM D6938. The Contractor’s laboratory shall perform all density tests in the RPR’s presence and provide the test results upon completion to the RPR for acceptance. If the specified density is not attained, the area represented by the test or as designated by the RPR shall be reworked and/or re-compacted and additional random tests made. This procedure shall be followed until the specified density is reached.

Compaction areas shall be kept separate, and no lift shall be covered by another lift until the proper density is obtained.

During construction of the embankment, the Contractor shall route all construction equipment evenly over the entire width of the embankment as each lift is placed. Lift placement shall begin

P-152 - 6 in the deepest portion of the embankment fill. As placement progresses, the lifts shall be constructed approximately parallel to the finished pavement grade line.

When rock, concrete pavement, asphalt pavement, and other embankment material are excavated at approximately the same time as the subgrade, the material shall be incorporated into the outer portion of the embankment and the subgrade material shall be incorporated under the future paved areas. Stones, fragmentary rock, and recycled pavement larger than 4 inches (100 mm) in their greatest dimensions will not be allowed in the top 12 inches (300 mm) of the subgrade.

Rockfill shall be brought up in lifts as specified or as directed by the RPR and the finer material shall be used to fill the voids forming a dense, compact mass. Rock, cement concrete pavement, asphalt pavement, and other embankment material shall not be disposed of except at places and in the manner designated on the plans or by the RPR.

When the excavated material consists predominantly of rock fragments of such size that the material cannot be placed in lifts of the prescribed thickness without crushing, pulverizing or further breaking down the pieces, such material may be placed in the embankment as directed in lifts not exceeding 2 feet (60 cm) in thickness. Each lift shall be leveled and smoothed with suitable equipment by distribution of spalls and finer fragments of rock. The lift shall not be constructed above an elevation 4 feet (1.2 m) below the finished subgrade.

Payment for compacted embankment will be made under embankment in-place.

152-2.9 Proof rolling. The purpose of proof rolling the subgrade is to identify any weak areas in the subgrade and not for compaction of the subgrade. Before start of embankment, and after compaction is completed, the subgrade area shall be proof rolled with a 20 ton (18.1 metric ton) Tandem axle Dual Wheel Dump Truck loaded to the legal limit with tires inflated to…