Technical Manual.pdf

ARMY TM 9-1005-319-10

AIR FORCE T.O. 11W3-5-5-41

NAVY SW370-BU-OPI-010 Revision 2

OPERATOR MANUAL

FOR

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A2

(NSN 1005-01-128-9936), (EIC: 4GM)

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A3

(NSN 1005-01-357-5112)

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A4

(NSN 1005-01-383-2872) (EIC: 4F9)

CARBINE, 5.56 MM, M4

(NSN 1005-01-231-0973) (EIC: 4FJ)

CARBINE, 5.56 MM, M4A1

(NSN 1005-01-382-0953) (EIC: 4GC)

SUPERSEDURE NOTICE – This manual supersedes TM 9-1005-319-10, T.O. 11W3-5-5-41, and SW 370-BU-OPI-010, Revision 1, dated 30 June 2010.

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT D - Distribution authorized to the Department of Defense and U.S. DoD contractors only due to export control restrictions. This determination was made 15 June 2014. Other requests shall be referred to US Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LCS-WII, Mail Stop 730, 6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000. For Air Force only other requests for this document shall be referred to 406 SCMS/GUEE, Robins AFB, GA 31098.

WARNING - This document contains technical data whose export is restricted by the Army Export Control Act (Title 22, U.S.C., Sec 2751, et.

seq.) or the Export Administration Act of 1979 (Title 50, U.S.C., App. 2401 et. seq.), as amended. Violations of these export laws are subject to severe criminal penalties. Disseminate in accordance with provisions of DoD Directive 5230.25.

DESTRUCTION NOTICE - Comply with distribution statement and destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of this document.

HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENTS OF THE ARMY,

AIR FORCE, AND NAVY

01 AUGUST 2016

BASIC AND ALL UPDATES HAVE BEEN MERGED TO MAKE THIS A COMPLETE PUBLICATION.

CURRENT

SUPPLEMENTS

11W3-5-5-41E

1369036706E Text Box See SUPP E

TM 9-1005-319-10

WARNING SUMMARY

This warning summary contains general safety warning and hazardous materials warnings that must be understood and applied during operation and maintenance of this equipment. Failure to comply with these precautions may result in serious injury or death to personnel. If injury occurs, seek immediate medical attention. Also included are explanations of safety and hazardous materials icons that may be used within this Technical Manual (TM).

FIRST AID

• Army users should refer to TC 4-02.1.

• Air Force users should refer to AFMAN 44-163 (I) First Aid.

• Navy users should refer to TC 4-02.1.

GENERAL SAFETY WARNING DESCRIPTIONS

The weapon MUST be cleared before inspecting, cleaning, disassembling, transporting, or storing to be considered SAFE.

DO NOT squeeze the trigger until weapon is cleared.

ALWAYS clear weapon before installation of blank firing attachment.

DO NOT fire directly at anyone less than 20 feet away when using the blank firing attachment.

Blank firing attachment is used only with M200 blank 5.56mm round.

Weapon can chamber a round when dropped or jarred if loaded magazine is inserted regardless of whether the bolt carrier assembly is in forward position or locked to the rear.

Ensure weapon is always pointed in safe direction.

ALWAYS clear weapon before starting a functional check.

DO NOT squeeze the trigger until weapon is cleared. Ensure chamber is empty.

KEEP CLEAR of muzzle when inspecting malfunctions.

ALWAYS clear weapon before installing top sling adapter.

a

WARNING SUMMARY – continued

When weapon is loaded ensure it is pointed in a SAFE direction.

ALWAYS clear the weapon before cleaning.

Firing a weapon in excess of the sustained rate of fire (12 - 15 rounds per minute) rapidly and continuously may overheat the barrel. The number of rounds fired rapidly and continuously should not exceed the following: M16 Series Rifles - 140 rounds, M4 Carbine - 150 rounds, and M4A1 Carbine - 180 rounds. An overheated barrel may cause a cook off or catastrophic failure of the weapon. The sustained rate of fire should never be exceeded except under extreme circumstances. An overheated barrel may cause a cook off (detonation) of a live round in the chamber in as short a period as 10 seconds.

If a live round is present in the chamber of a hot barrel, remove it quickly. If unable to remove the round within 10 seconds, remove the magazine and wait 15 minutes, keeping weapon pointed in a safe direction at all times. ALWAYS keep face away from the ejection port when clearing a hot chamber.

MISFIRE: If weapon stops firing with a live round in the chamber of a hot barrel, remove the round within 10 seconds. If the round is not removed within 10 seconds, remove magazine and wait 15 minutes with the weapon pointed in a safe direction to avoid injury during possible cookoff. ALWAYS keep face away from the ejection port when clearing a hot chamber.

STOP firing immediately if an audible “POP” is heard or reduced RECOIL is experienced while firing weapon. These could indicate an incomplete powder burn and/or a bullet stuck in the bore. Retract bolt slowly, clear weapon, and check for unburned powder grains in the receiver or bore and/or bullet stuck in bore. Remove unburned powder or bullet from bore before resuming firing.

Return weapon to the field maintenance if the bullet is stuck in the bore.

DO NOT fire if water is present in barrel.

DO NOT interchange bolts between weapons.

There is risk of catastrophic weapon failure and serious injury if the weapons are fired without the cam pin installed.

b

1369036706E

NAVY SW 370-BU-OPI-010 Revision 2

CHANGE NO. 2

HEADQUARTERS

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY,

AIR FORCE, AND NAVY

WASHINGTON, D.C.,

15 April 2019

OPERATOR MANUAL

FOR

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A2

(NSN 1005-01-128-9936) (EIC: 4GM)

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A3

(NSN 1005-01-357-5112)

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A4

(NSN 1005-01-383-2872) (EIC: 4F9)

CARBINE, 5.56 MM, M4

(NSN 1005-01-231-0973) (EIC: 4FJ)

CARBINE, 5.56 MM, M4A1

(NSN 1005-01-382-0953) (EIC: 4GC)

SUPERSEDURE NOTICE –This manual supersedes TM 9-1005-319-10, T.O. 11W3-5-5-41, and SW 370-BU-OPI-010, Revision 1, dated 30 June 2010.

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT D - Distribution authorized to the Department of Defense and U.S. DoD contractors only due to export control restrictions. This determination was made 15 June 2014. Other requests shall be referred to US Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LCS-WII, Mail Stop 730, 6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000. For Air Force only other requests for this document shall be referred to 406 SCMS/GUEE, Robins AFB, GA 31098.

WARNING - This document contains technical data whose export is restricted by the Arms Export Control Act (Title 22, U.S.C., Sec 2751, et.

seq.) or the Export Administration Act of 1979 (Title 50, U.S.C., App. 2401 et. seq.), as amended. Violations of these export laws are subject to severe criminal penalties. Disseminate in accordance with provisions of DoD Directive 5230.25.

DESTRUCTION NOTICE - Comply with distribution statement and destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of this document.

TM 9-1005-319-10, 01 August 2016, is updated as follows:

1. File this sheet in front of the manual for reference.

2. This change is a result of new Additional Authorized Items and a correction to expendable/durable items and an addition of a safety check.

3. New or updated text is indicated by a vertical bar in the outer maragin of the page.

4. Added illustrations are indicated by a vertical bar adjacent to the figure number. Changed illustrations are indicated by a miniature pointing hand adjacent to the updated area and a vertical bar adjacent to the figure number.

5. Remove old pages and insert new pages as indicated below:

Remove pages Insert pages Front cover i through ix/blank

Front cover A/B blank

6. Replace the following work packages with their revised version:

Work Package Number

WP 0002

WP 0005

WP 0007

WP 0013

WP 0018

WP 0022

i through ix/blank

A/B blank

TM 9-1005-319-10, C2

15 April 2019

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

Official: MARK A. MILLEY General, United States Army

Chief of Staff

Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army

1907352

By Order of the Secretary of the Air Force: HEATHER WILSON Secretary of United States Air Force

DAVID L. GOLDFEIN

General, United States Air Force Chief of Staff

ELLEN M. PAWLIKOWSKI

General United States Air Force, Commander, Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC)

By Order of the Secretary of the Navy: Pete B. Gill Principal Acquisition Program Manager, Small Arms and Combat Support Naval Sea Systems Command

Distribution:

Initially published in electronic media only. When funds become available, this publication will be distributed in accordance with the initial distribution number

(IDN) 400016 requirements for TM 9-1005-319-10.

KATHLEEN S. MILLER

NAVY SW 370-BU-OPI-010 Revision 2

HEADQUARTERS

DEPARTMENTS OF THE

ARMY, AIR FORCE, AND

NAVY WASHINGTON, D.C.,

15 JANUARY 2018

OPERATOR MANUAL

FOR

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A2

(NSN 1005-01-128-9936) (EIC: 4GM)

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A3

(NSN 1005-01-357-5112)

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A4

(NSN 1005-01-383-2872) (EIC: 4F9)

CARBINE, 5.56 MM, M4

(NSN 1005-01-231-0973) (EIC: 4FJ)

CARBINE, 5.56 MM, M4A1

(NSN 1005-01-382-0953) (EIC: 4GC)

SUPERSEDURE NOTICE –This manual supersedes TM 9-1005-319-10, T.O. 11W3-5-5-41, and SW 370-BU-OPI-010, Revision 1, dated 30 June 2010.

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT D - Distribution authorized to the Department of Defense and U.S. DoD contractors only due to export control restrictions. This determination was made 15 June 2014. Other requests shall be referred to U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LCS-WII, Mail Stop 730, 6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000. For Air Force only other requests for this document shall be referred to 406 SCMS/GUEE, Robins AFB, GA 31098.

WARNING - This document contains technical data whose export is restricted by the Arms Export Control Act (Title 22, U.S.C., Sec 2751, et.

seq.) or the Export Administration Act of 1979 (Title 50, U.S.C., App. 2401 et. seq.), as amended. Violations of these export laws are subject to severe criminal penalties. Disseminate in accordance with provisions of DoD Directive 5230.25.

DESTRUCTION NOTICE - Comply with distribution statement and destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of this document.

TM 9-1005-319-10, 01 August 2016, is updated as follows:

1. File this sheet in front of the manual for reference.

2. This change is a result of new Additional Authorized Items and a correction to expendable/durable items.

3. New or updated text is indicated by a vertical bar in the outer maragin of the page.

4. Added illustrations are indicated by a vertical bar adjacent to the figure number. Changed illustrations are indicated by a miniature pointing hand adjacent to the updated area and a vertical bar adjacent to the figure number.

5. Remove old pages and insert new pages as indicated below:

Remove pages Insert pages Front cover Front cover

6. Replace the following work packages with their revised version:

Work Package Number

WP 0022

WP 0023

CHANGE NO. 1

By Order of the Secretary of the Army:

Official:

GERALD B. O'KEEFE

Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army

MARK A. MILLEY

General, United States Army

Chief of Staff

By Order of the Secretary of the Air Force:

By Order of the Secretary of the Navy:

DISTRIBUTION:

Initially published in electronic media only. When funds become available, this publication will be distributed in accordance with the initial distribution number

(IDN) 400016 requirements for TM 9-1005-319-10.

TM 9-1005-319-10, C1

15 January 2018

HEATHER WILSON

Secretary of United States Air Force

DAVID L. GOLDFEIN

General, United States Air Force Chief of Staff

ELLEN M. PAWLIKOWSKI

General United States Air Force, Commander, Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC)

PETE B. GILL

Principal Aquisition Program Manager, Small Arms and Combat Support, Naval Sea Systems Command

1734860

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES/WORK PACKAGES

NOTE: This manual supersedes TM 9-1005-319-10, T.O. 11W3-5-5-41, and SW 370-BU-OPI-010, Revision 1, dated 30 June 2010.Zero in the “Change No.” column indicates an original page or work package.

Dates of issue or original manuals are:

Original............................01 August 2016 Change 1 .......................15 January 2018 Change 2 .......................15 April 2019

TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES FOR FRONT AND REAR MATTER IS 28 AND

TOTAL NUMBER OF WORK PACKAGES IS 23 CONSISTING OF THE

FOLLOWING:

Page/WP Change Page/WP Change No. No. No. No.

Front Cover…………………. 0 Chapter 4 Title… a – c/blank………………… 0 WP 0012 (2 pages) i – ix/blank Chapter 1 Title WP 0001 (10 pages) WP 0002 (6 pages) WP 0003 (2 pages) Chapter 2 Title WP 0004 (8 pages) WP 0005 (28pages) WP 0006 (8 pages) WP 0007 (6 pages) WP 0008 (14 pages) WP 0009 (14 pages) Chapter 3 Title… WP 0010 (2 pages) WP 0011 (10 pages)

WP 0013 (4 pages) Chapter 5 Title… WP 0014 (14 pages) WP 0015 (14 pages) WP 0016 (8 pages) WP 0017 (12 pages) WP 0018 (16 pages) WP 0019 (2 pages) Chapter 6 Title WP 0020 (4 pages) WP 0021 (8 pages) WP 0022 (6 pages) WP 0023 (4 pages)…

Metric Chart Back Cover

A/B blank

You can help improve this publication. If you find any errors or if you would like to recommend any improvements to the procedures in this publication, please let us know. The preferred method is to submit your DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) through the Internet on the TACOM Unique Logistics Support Applications (TULSA) Web site. The Internet address is https://tulsa.tacom.army.mil. Access to all applications requires CAC authentication, and you must complete the Access Request form the first time you use it. The DA Form 2028 is located under the TULSA Applications on the left-hand navigation bar. Fill out the form and click on SUBMIT. Using this form on the TULSA Web site will enable us to respond more quickly to your comments and to better manage the DA Form 2028 program. You may also mail, e-mail, or fax your comments or DA Form 2028 directly to the US Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Command. The postal mail address is US Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LCL-IMP/TECH PUBS, MS 727, 6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000. The e-mail address is usarmy.detroit.tacom.mbx.ilsc-tech-pubs@mail.mil.

ARMY TM 9-1005-319-10

AIR FORCE T.O. 11W3-5-5-41

NAVY SW 370-BU-OPI-010 Revision 2

HEADQUARTERS

DEPARTMENTS OF THE ARMY,

AIR FORCE, AND NAVY

WASHINGTON, D.C., 01 August 2016

OPERATOR MANUAL

FOR

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A2

(NSN 1005-01-128-9936) (EIC: 4GM)

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A3

(NSN 1005-01-357-5112)

RIFLE, 5.56 MM, M16A4

(NSN 1005-01-383-2872) (EIC: 4F9)

CARBINE, 5.56 MM, M4

(NSN 1005-01-231-0973) (EIC: 4FJ)

CARBINE, 5.56 MM, M4A1

(NSN 1005-01-382-0953) (EIC: 4GC)

REPORTING ERRORS AND RECOMMENDING IMPROVEMENTS

i Change 2

1369036706E

The fax number is DSN 786-1856 or Commercial (586) 282-1856. A reply will be furnished to you.

(F) Air Force – Air Force personnel proposing changes or reporting errors to this Technical Order (TO) shall be submitted on an AFTO Form 22 through their MAJCOM in accordance with TO 00-5-1. The MAJCOM will forward the completed AFTO Form 22 to the Technical Order Management Agency (TOMA) at: robins.ce.afto22@robins.af.mil.

Navy - Reporting errors and recommending improvements may be submitted using NAVSEA Form 4160/1 (NAVSEA/SPAWAR) Technical Manual Deficiency/Evaluation Report (TMDER) at web site https://nsdsa.nmci.navy.mil or mail directly to: Commander, Code 310 TMDERs, NAVSURFWARCENDIV NSDSA, 4363 Missile Way BLDG 1389, Port Hueneme, CA 934043-4307.

TM 9-1005-319-10

SUPERSEDURE NOTICE –This manual supersedes TM 9-1005-319-10, T.O. 11W3-5-5-41, and SW 370-BU-OPI-010, Revision 1, dated 30 June 2010.

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT D - Distribution authorized to the Department of Defense and U.S. DoD contractors only due to export control restrictions. This determination was made 15 June 2014. Other requests shall be referred to U.S. US Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LCS-WII, Mail Stop 730, 6501 E. 11 Mile Road, Warren, MI 48397-5000. For Air Force only other requests for this document shall be referred to 406 SCMS/GUEE, Robins AFB, GA 31098.

WARNING - This document contains technical data whose export is restricted by the Arms Export Control Act (Title 22, U.S.C., Sec 2751, et.

seq.) or the Export Administration Act of 1979 (Title 50, U.S.C., App. 2401 et. seq.), as amended. Violations of these export laws are subject to severe criminal penalties. Disseminate in accordance with provisions of DoD Directive 5230.25.

DESTRUCTION NOTICE - Comply with distribution statement and destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of this document.

Change 2 ii

1369036706E

TABLE OF CONTENTS

WP Sequence No.

CHAPTER 1 – GENERAL INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION,

AND THEORY OF OPERATION

General Information...................................................................... 0001-1 Equipment Description and Data.................................................. 0002-1

Figure 1. Major Components of M16A2.................................. 0002-2 Figure 2. Major Components of M16A3/M16A4 ..................... 0002-3 Figure 3. Major Components of M4/M4A1.............................. 0002-4

Theory of Operation...................................................................... 0003-1

CHAPTER 2 – OPERATOR INSTRUCTIONS

Description and Use of Operator Controls and Indicators ............ 0004-1 Figure 1. Right View of M16A2 ................................................ 0004-1 Figure 2. Right View of M16A2 ................................................ 0004-2 Figure 3. Left View of M16A2 .................................................. 0004-3 Figure 4. Right View of M16A3/A4 .......................................... 0004-4 Figure 5. Right View of M4/M4A1 ............................................ 0004-5 Figure 6. Right View of M4/M4A1 ............................................ 0004-6 Figure 7. Left View of M4/M4A1 .............................................. 0004-7

Operation Under Usual Conditions............................................... 0005-1 Figure 1. Selector on SAFE..................................................... 0005-2 Figure 2. SAFE Mode .............................................................. 0005-2 Figure 3. Lock Bolt Open......................................................... 0005-3 Figure 4. Selector Level Position – SAFE ............................... 0005-4 Figure 5. Selector Level Position – SEMI ................................ 0005-5 Figure 6. Selector Level Position – BURST............................. 0005-6 Figure 7. Selector Level Position – AUTO............................... 0005-7 Figure 8. Weapon on SAFE..................................................... 0005-9 Figure 9. Chamber Check ....................................................... 0005-10 Figure 10. Insert Magazine...................................................... 0005-11 Figure 11. Insert Magazine...................................................... 0005-12 Figure 12. Close Bolt ............................................................... 0005-13 Figure 13. Forward Assist........................................................ 0005-14 Figure 14. Chambering Round ................................................ 0005-15 Figure 15. Burst Fire................................................................ 0005-17 iii Change 2 i

TABLE OF CONTENTS – continued

Figure 16. Immediate Action ...................................................... 0005-21 Figure 17. Immediate Action ...................................................... 0005-22 Figure 18. Chamber Check ....................................................... 0005-23 Figure 19. Clear Cartridge Case ................................................ 0005-24 Figure 20. Unload ...................................................................... 0005-26 Figure 21. Magazine Filler ......................................................... 0005-27 Figure 22. Loading Magazine .................................................... 0005-28

Operation Under Unusual Conditions ............................................. 0006-1 Figure 1. Winter Operations ...................................................... 0006-2 Figure 2. After Water Crossing .................................................. 0006-6 Figure 3. Clear Drain Hole ......................................................... 0006-6 Figure 4. Wash With Fresh Water ............................................. 0006-8

Function Check .............................................................................. 0007-1 Figure 1. SAFE .......................................................................... 0007-2 Figure 2. SEMI .......................................................................... 0007-3 Figure 3. BURST ....................................................................... 0007-4 Figure 4. AUTO ......................................................................... 0007-5

25 Meter Zeroing ............................................................................ 0008-1 Figure 1. Range (0 – 200 Meters) .............................................. 0008-1 Figure 2. Range (200 – 800 and 200 – 600 Meters) .................. 0008-1 Figure 3. Battlesight Zero (BZO) ................................................ 0008-2 Figure 4. Front Sight Adjustment ............................................... 0008-3 Figure 5. Zero Target ................................................................ 0008-6 Figure 6. Range (0 – 200 Meters) .............................................. 0008-7 Figure 7. Zero Target ................................................................ 0008-8 Figure 8. Range (0 – 200 Meters) .............................................. 0008-9 Figure 9. Backup Iron Sight (BUIS) Zero ................................... 0008-11 Figure 10. Zero Target .............................................................. 0008-12 Figure 11. BUIS Zero ................................................................ 0008-13

Installation of Equipment ................................................................ 0009-1 Figure 1. Blank Firing Attachment (BFA) ................................... 0009-2 Figure 2. Install BFA .................................................................. 0009-3 Figure 3. Tighten BFA ............................................................... 0009-3 Figure 4. Rifle Buttstock ............................................................ 0009-4 Figure 5. Front Sight .................................................................. 0009-4 Figure 6. Attach Sling ................................................................ 0009-5 Figure 7. Carbine Buttstock ....................................................... 0009-5 Figure 8. Carbine Enhanced Buttstock ...................................... 0009-6 Figure 9. Front Sight .................................................................. 0009-6 Figure 10. Attach Sling .............................................................. 0009-7 Figure 11. Remove Sling ........................................................... 0009-8 Figure 12. Remove From Front Sight ........................................ 0009-8

Change 2 iv iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS – continued

Figure 13. Remove From Buttstock ......................................... 0009-9 Figure 14. Attach Sling ............................................................ 0009-9 Figure 15. Swivel Mount .......................................................... 0009-10 Figure 16. Install Forward Pistol Grip ...................................... 0009-11 Figure 17. Forward Pistol Grip................................................. 0009-12 Figure 18. Rifle Forward Pistol Grip ........................................ 0009-13 Figure 19. Carbine Forward Pistol Grip ................................... 0009-13 Figure 20. Forward Pistol Grip................................................. 0009-14

CHAPTER 3 – OPERATOR TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES

Troubleshooting Index .................................................................... 0010-1 Troubleshooting Procedures ........................................................... 0011-1

CHAPTER 4 – PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE CHECKS AND

SERVICES (PMCS)

Preventative Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS) Introduction ................................................................................. 0012-1

Preventative Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS) ............... 0013-1 Table 1. Preventative Maintenance Checks and Services for M16A2, M16A3, M16A4 Rifles and M4 and M4A1 Carbines ...... 0013-2

CHAPTER 5 – OPERATOR MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS

Disassembly ................................................................................... 0014-1 Figure 1. Remove Handguard .................................................... 0014-2 Figure 2. Remove Lower Rail .................................................... 0014-3 Figure 3. Remove Upper Receiver............................................. 0014-4 Figure 4. Separate Receivers .................................................... 0014-4 Figure 5. Remove Carrying Handle ............................................ 0014-5 Figure 6. Charging Handle and Bolt Carrier ............................... 0014-6 Figure 7. Bolt and Bolt Carrier Assembly ................................... 0014-7 Figure 8. Remove Extractor ....................................................... 0014-8 Figure 9. Buffer Retainer ........................................................... 0014-9 Figure 10. Buffer and Action Spring ........................................... 0014-9 Figure 11. Buttstock Extended ................................................... 0014-10 Figure 12. Buttstock Removed ................................................... 0014-10 Figure 13. Rail Cover ................................................................. 0014-11 Figure 14. Magazine .................................................................. 0014-12

Change 2 v

TABLE OF CONTENTS – continued

Cleaning ......................................................................................... 0015-1 Figure 1. Cleaning Gear ............................................................ 0015-3 Figure 2. Insert Bore Brush ....................................................... 0015-4 Figure 3. Insert Bore Brush ....................................................... 0015-5 Figure 4. Pull Bore Brush Through Bore .................................... 0015-6 Figure 5. Chamber Brush .......................................................... 0015-7 Figure 6. Clean Gas Tube ......................................................... 0015-8 Figure 7. Bolt Carrier Assembly ................................................. 0015-9 Figure 8. Lower Receiver and Buttstock Assembly .................... 0015-10 Figure 9. Lubricate Ejector ........................................................ 0015-11 Figure 10. Cleaning Rail System and Covers ............................ 0015-12 Figure 11. Cleaning Rail System ............................................... 0015-13

Inspection....................................................................................... 0016-1 Figure 1. Upper Receiver and Barrel Assembly ......................... 0016-2 Figure 2. Bolt and Bolt Carrier Assembly ................................... 0016-4 Figure 3. Lower Receiver and Buttstock Assembly .................... 0016-6 Figure 4. Magazine .................................................................... 0016-8

Lubrication ..................................................................................... 0017-1 Figure 1. Lubricant Temperature Guide ..................................... 0017-3 Figure 2. Lubricate Upper Receiver ........................................... 0017-4 Figure 3. Lubricate Chamber ..................................................... 0017-5 Figure 4. Lubricate Bore ............................................................ 0017-6 Figure 5. Lubricate Carrying Handle and Upper Rail ................. 0017-7 Figure 6. Lubricate Bolt Carrier Assembly and Charging

Handle ........................................................................ 0017-8 Figure 7. Lubricate Lower Receiver Assembly ........................... 0017-9 Figure 8. Lubricate Rear Sight Assembly .................................. 0017-10 Figure 9. Lubricate BUIS ........................................................... 0017-11

Reassembly ................................................................................... 0018-1 Figure 1. Extractor Assembly .................................................... 0018-1 Figure 2. Install Extractor........................................................... 0018-2 Figure 3. Assemble Bolt Carrier Assembly ................................ 0018-2 Figure 4. Insert Charging Handle ............................................... 0018-4 Figure 5. Install Bolt Carrier Assembly ....................................... 0018-4 Figure 6. Seat Charging Handle and Bolt Carrier Assembly ...... 0018-5 Figure 7. Install Carrying Handle ............................................... 0018-6 Figure 8. Install Buttstock .......................................................... 0018-7 Figure 9. Install Buffer and Buffer Spring ................................... 0018-7 Figure 10. Reassembly Buttstock .............................................. 0018-8 Figure 11. Joint Receivers ......................................................... 0018-8 Figure 12. Engage Pivot Pin ...................................................... 0018-9

Change 2 vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS – continued

Figure 13. Install Handguards .................................................... 0018-10 Figure 14. Install Lower Adapter Rail ......................................... 0018-12 Figure 15. Install Sling ............................................................... 0018-13 Figure 16. Install Rail Covers ..................................................... 0018-14 Figure 17. Magazine .................................................................. 0018-15

Ammunition .................................................................................... 0019-1

CHAPTER 6 -- SUPPORTING INFORMATION

References ..................................................................................... 0020-1 Components of End Items (COEI) and Basic Issue Items (BII) ....... 0021-1

Figure 1. Components of End Items .......................................... 0021-3 Table 1. Components of End Items List ..................................... 0021-3 Figure 2. TM 9-1005-319-10, Revision 2 .................................... 0021-4 Table 2. Basic Issue Items List .................................................. 0021-5 Table 3. Basic Issue Item List for U.S. Air Force Only ................ 0021-6 Table 4. Basic Issue Items List for U.S. Navy Only .................... 0021-7

Additional Authorization List (AAL) ................................................. 0022-1 Table 1. Additional Authorization List (AAL) ................................ 0022-3

Expendable and Durable Items List .................................................. 0023-1 Table 1. Expendable and Durable Items List .............................. 0023-2

Change 2 vii vii

HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

USAGE

The safest, easiest, and best way to operate and maintain the M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines is to use this manual.

Learning to use this TM is as easy as reading through this section. Knowing what is in this manual and how to use it will save you time, work, and will help you avoid exposing yourself to unnecessary hazards while performing your job.

ORGANIZATION

This manual covers the operator maintenance instructions of the M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines. The manual itself is divided into six chapters. The six chapters and what they contain are found in the Table of Contents in the front of this manual. For example, to learn about maintaining the M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines at the operator level, look in the table of contents and discover that Chapter 5 provides all pertinent information about maintaining the weapon system. Due to Chapter 5 covering a great deal of information, you will have to scan the chapter to find the specific information needed.

The manual itself is divided into six chapters:

Chapter 1: General Information, Equipment Description, and Theory of Operation

Chapter 2: Operator Instructions Chapter 3: Operator Troubleshooting Procedures Chapter 4: Preventative Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS) Chapter 5: Operator Maintenance Instructions Chapter 6: Supporting Information

WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES

Throughout the manual you will encounter the headings WARNING, CAUTION, and NOTE. A warning identifies a clear danger to the person doing that procedure. A caution identifies risk of damage to the equipment. A note is used to provide essential information to the user performing the task.

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SUPPORTING ILLUSTRATIONS

All supporting illustrations are located on the same or facing page as the text they support. Illustrations are labeled with callouts referenced in the text for clarity.

SUPPORTING INFORMATION

In Chapter 6 of this manual, you will find supporting information. Each work package provides specific information that will assist you in performing the various tasks. The work packages provide such information as additional references as in WP 0020, components of end items (COEI) and basic issue items (BII) as in WP 0021, additional authorization items as in WP 0022, and expendable and durable items as in WP 0023. Become familiar with all supporting information work packages before beginning any maintenance task.

USE OF SHALL, SHOULD, AND MAY

Within this technical manual the word shall is used to indicate a mandatory requirement. The word should is used to indicate a non-mandatory but preferred method of accomplishment. The word may is used to indicate an acceptable method of accomplishment.

READINESS TO USE THIS TM

If you've taken the time necessary to read this section, and are sure of the location and arrangement of the different sections of this TM, you are ready to begin. Remember, this TM has been arranged with you, the user, in mind. Your safety and ability to perform the maintenance tasks in the most efficient manner possible hinge on your ability to perform and understand the information contained in this manual. If you fully understand the arrangement and purpose of this TM and have taken the time to read through this section, you will have no trouble maintaining the M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines.

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CHAPTER 1

GENERAL INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION,

AND THEORY OF OPERATION

TM 9-1005-319-10 0001

0001-1

OPERATOR MANUAL

GENERAL INFORMATION

SCOPE

This Technical Manual contains operator instructions for the M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines to provide a stable weapon support system for use in various training applications of small arms weapon systems. The M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines are used as individual defensive or offensive weapons against direct targets.

Type of Manual: Operator Manual

Model Number and Equipment Name: M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and M4 and M4A1 Carbines

Purpose of Equipment: To provide personnel offensive/defensive capabilities for engagement of targets in the field.

MAINTENANCE FORMS, RECORDS, AND REPORTS

Army: Department of the Army forms and procedures used for equipment maintenance will be those prescribed by DA PAM 750-8, The Army Maintenance Management System (TAMMS) Users Manual; DA PAM 738-751, Functional Users Manual for The Army Maintenance Management Systems – Aviation (TAMMS-A); or AR 700-138, Army Logistics Readiness and Sustainability. Accidents involving injury to personnel or damage to materiel will be reported on DA Form 285, U.S. Army accident investigations and reporting in accordance with DA PAM 385-40. Explosives and malfunctions will be reported on DA Form 4379 in accordance with AR 75-1.

Air Force: Maintenance forms and records used by Air Force personnel are prescribed in Air Force Instruction (AFI) 21-101 and the applicable T.O. 00-20 Series Technical Orders (T.O.). Air Force users shall refer to T.O. 11W-1-10, Historical Data Recording of Inspection, Maintenance, and Firing Data for ground weapons and AFI 36-2654 Combat Arms Program for applicable forms and records.

Navy: Department of Navy organizations and commands will follow OPNAVINST 4790.16 Condition-Based Maintenance and Condition-Based Maintenance Plus Policy regarding the implementation of local maintenance policy.

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REPORTING EQUIPMENT IMPROVEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS

Army: If your M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and M4 and M4A1 Carbines need improvement, let us know. Send us an EIR. You, the user, are the only one who can tell us what you do not like about your equipment. Let us know why you do not like the design or performance.

All non-Aviation/Missile Equipment Improvement Recommendations (EIRs) and Product Quality Deficiency Reports (PQDRs) must be submitted through the Product Data Reporting and Evaluation Program (PDREP) Web site. The PDREP site is: https://www.pdrep.csd.disa.mil/.

Air Force: Submit a PQDR through the Joint Discrepancy Reporting System (JDRS) at www.jdrs.mil/jdrs.html in accordance with T.O. 00-35D-54, USAF Deficiency Reporting Investigation and Resolution, and AFJMAN 23-215 Reporting of Supply Discrepancies.

Navy: EIRs shall be submitted via Product Quality Deficiency Report (PQDR) or Conventional Ordnance Deficiency Reports (CODR) at https://awis.navair.navy.mil/AWIS/index.asp using the Deficiency Report System (DRWEB) application. Users may also send EIRs via letter directly to:

Commanding Officer, Code JXN, Bldg. 3422, NAVSURFWARCENDIV, 300 Hwy 361, Crane, IN 47522-5001 or submit via email:

smallarms@navy.mil.

CORROSION PREVENTION AND CONTROL (CPC)

Corrosion prevention and control of Army materiel is a continuing concern. It is important that any corrosion problems with this item be reported so that the problem can be corrected and improvements can be made to prevent the problem in future items. The term “corrosion” means the deterioration of a material or its properties due to a reaction of that material with its chemical environment. An example is the rusting of iron. Corrosion damage in metals can be seen, depending on the metal, as tarnishing, pitting, fogging, surface residue, and/or cracking. Plastics, composites, and rubbers can also degrade (also considered to be corrosion based on the above definition of corrosion).

Degradation is caused by thermal (heat), oxidation (oxygen), solvation (solvents), or photolytic (light, typically ultraviolet) processes.

If you do not have Internet access, you may submit your information using an SF 368 (Product Quality Deficiency Report). You can send your SF 368 using email, regular mail, or fax using the addresses/fax numbers specified in DA PAM 750-8, The Army Maintenance Management System (TAMMS) Users Manual. We will send you a reply.

0001-3

CORROSION PREVENTION AND CONTROL (CPC) -- continued

UNIFORM (or general attack): Affects a large area of exposed metal surface like rust on steel or tarnish on silver. It gradually reduces the thickness of the metal until it fails.

CREVICE: Occurs in crevices created by rubber seals, gaskets, bolt heads, lap joints, dirt, or other surface deposits. It will develop anywhere moisture or other corrosive agents are trapped and unable to drain or evaporate.

SELECTIVE LEACHING: One element, usually the anodic element of an alloy, corrodes away, leaving the cathodic element. This can create holes in metal.

INTERGRANULAR: Metal deterioration caused by corrosion on the bonds between or across the grain boundaries of the metal. The metal will appear to be peeling off in sheets, flaking, or being pushed apart by layers. A particular type of intergranular corrosion is exfoliation.

PITTING: This can result from conditions similar to those for crevice corrosion.

Pits can develop on various materials due to their composition. Rifle boxes are big victims of pitting.

EROSION: Results when a moving fluid (liquid or gas) flows across a metal surface, particularly when solid particles are present in the fluid. Corrosion actually occurs on the surface of the metal, but the moving fluid washes away the corrosion and exposes a new metal surface, which also corrodes.

FRETTING: Occurs as a result of small repetitive movements (e.g., vibration) between two surfaces in contact with each other. It is usually identified by a black powder corrosion product or pits on the surface.

GALVANIC: Occurs when two different types of metal come in contact with each other, like steel bolts on aluminum, for example. This is a common problem on aircraft because of their mix of metals.

STRESS: Term used to describe corrosion cracking and corrosion fatigue.

Where an item is not ready/available due to one of these forms of corrosion, it shall be recorded as a corrosion failure in the inspection record.

The appropriate code (170) for corrosion shall be used when requesting/performing maintenance.

SF Form 368, Product Quality Deficiency Report (PQDR) should be submitted to the address specified in DA PAM 750-8, The Army Maintenance Management System (TAMMS) Users Manual.

The most common exposures are excessive heat or light. Damage from these processes will appear as cracking, softening, swelling, and/or breaking. The U.S. Army has defined the following nine (9) forms of corrosion used to evaluate the deterioration of metals. These shall be used when evaluating and documenting corrosion.

0001-4

CORROSION PREVENTION AND CONTROL (CPC) -- continued

Navy users shall submit letter or SF 368 (Product Quality Deficiency Report) directly to: Commander, Code JXN, Bldg 3422, NAVSURFWARCENDIV, 300 Hwy 361, Crane, IN 47522-5001, smallarms@navy.mil.

DESTRUCTION OF ARMY MATERIEL TO PREVENT ENEMY USE

Refer to TM 750-244-7 for procedure and materials used for the destruction of the M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines to prevent enemy use.

Air Force users will destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents of this Technical Order or reconstruction of the M16A2 Rifle and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines.

Navy users shall refer to TM 750-244-7 for procedure and materials used for the destruction of the M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines to prevent enemy use.

PREPARATION FOR STORAGE AND SHIPMENT

CAUTION

Damage and corrosion of items in storage must be prevented. Store items in a clean and dry area out of the elements. Failure to comply may result in damage to equipment.

NOTE

Below instructions are for the installed M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines. Refer to TM 746-10, General Packaging Instructions for Field Units, Marking, Packing, and Shipment of Supplies and Equipment for in-depth instructions.

Air Force users will follow the guidance in Specialized Packaging Instruction (SPI) F008566885 for the M16A2 and SPI F009735685 for the M4/M4A1. This information can be accessed at https://spires.wpafb.af.mil

Air Force users shall submit any Material Deficiency Report (MDR) or PQDR through the JDRS at www.jdrs.mil/jdrs.html in accordance with T.O. 00-35D-54, USAF Deficiency Reporting Investigation and Resolution, and AFJMAN 23-215 Reporting of Supply Discrepancies.

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WARRANTY INFORMATION

To determine the M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines warranty you must submit a PQDR. PQDRs must be submitted through the Product Data Reporting and Evaluation Program (PDREP) Web site. The PDREP site is: https://www.pdrep.csd.disa.mil/.

If you do not have Internet access, you may submit your information using an SF 368 (Product Quality Deficiency Report). You can send your SF 368 using e-mail, regular mail, or fax using the addresses/fax numbers specified in DA PAM 750-8, The Army Maintenance Manage System/(TAMMS) Users Manual. We will send you a reply.

NON-WARRANTY INFORMATION

Contact your Property Book Officer (PBO) when the M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and the M4 and M4A1 Carbines are deemed non-warranty/unserviceable/excess. Demilitarization instructions can be found on the TACOM Unique Logistics Support Applications website at https://tulsa.tacom.army.mil/demil/demilmain.cfm.

NOMENCLATURE CROSS-REFERENCE LIST

Common Name Official Name M16A2 Rifle, 5.56mm, M16A2

M16A3 Rifle, 5.56mm, M16A3 M16A4 Rifle, 5.56mm, M16A4

M4 Carbine, 5.56mm, M4 M4A1 Carbine, 5.56mm, M4A1

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONMYS

Abbreviations/ Acronyms Name

AAL Additional Authorization List AEL Allowance Equipment List AF Air Force AFI Air Force Instruction AFJMAN Air Force Joint Manual AFMAN Air Force Manual AFTO Air Force Technical Order AP Armor Piercing approx. approximately

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONMYS – continued

Abbreviations/ Acronyms Name

AR Army Regulation AY Assembly BE Bale BFA Blank Firing Attachment BII Basic Issue Items BLDG Building BT Bottle BUIS Backup Iron Sight BX Box BZO Battlesight Zero C Crew CAC Common Access Card CAGEC Commercial and Government Entity Code CARC Chemical Agent Resistant Coatings CBRNE Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, Explosive CLP Cleaner, Lubricant, and Preservative cm centimeters CN Can CODR Conventional Ordnance Deficiency Reports COEI Components of End Item CPC Corrosion Prevention and Control CTA Common Table of Allowance DA Department of the Army DA PAM Department of the Army Pamphlet DoD Department of Defense DR Drum DRWEB Deficiency Reporting System EA Each EIC End Item Code EIR Equipment Improvement Recommendations F Maintainer FM Field Manual fps feet per second GL/GAL Gallon Illus Illustration in inches JDRS Joint Discrepancy Reporting System

0001-7

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONMYS – continued

Abbreviations/ Acronyms Name

JTA Joint Table of Allowance LAW Lubrication Oil, Arctic Weapons lbs pounds LSA Lubricant Small Arms m meters MAJCOM Major Commands MDR Material Deficiency Report MILES Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System mm millimeter MS Mail Stop MTOE Modified Table of Organization and Equipment N/A Non-applicable NAVSEA/SPAWAR Naval Sea/Space Warfare NBC Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical NCO Non-Commissioned Officer No number NSN National Stock Number O Operator OCONUS Outside the Contiguous United States PAM Pamphlet PBO Property Book Office PDREP Product Data Reporting and Evaluation Program PG Package PMCS Preventative Maintenance Checks and Services PQDR Product Quality Deficiency Report PR Pair psi pounds per square inch PT Pint QD Quick Attach/Detach QTY Quantity RBC Rifle Bore Cleaner RH Right Hand rpm rounds per minute Rqr Required SD Dry Cleaning Solvent SF Standard Form SFL Solid Film Lubricant TACOM Tank-automotive Command

0001-8

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONMYS – continued

Abbreviations/ Acronyms Name

TAMMS The Army Maintenance Management Systems TAMMS-A The Army Maintenance Management Systems –

Aviation TC Training Circular TDA Table of Distribution and Allowances TM Technical Manual TMDER Technical Manual Deficiency/Evaluation Report T.O. Technical Order TOE Table of Organization and Equipment TOMA Technical Order Management Agency TULSA TACOM Unique Logistics Support Applications U/I Unit of Issue U/M Unit of Measure UOC Usable on Code U.S. United States USAF United States Air Force w with w/o without WP Work Package

SAFETY, CARE, AND HANDLING

Adequate safety precautions must be observed during performance of maintenance, overhaul, and repair of all M16A2, M16A3, and M16A4 Rifles and M4 and M4A1 Carbines components. These precautions will include thorough understanding of the warning summary, safety in work environment, selection and usage of equipment, and procedures provided for performing with all operations. Inspection, which follows completion of overhaul procedures, will ensure equipment compliance with applicable safety standards.

Supplies and materials such as solvents, cleaning fluids, sealers, adhesives, oils, and other products used in this manual may be dangerous or harmful if safety precautions are not observed. Read manufacturer’s warnings and cautions on product labels before using and observe all recommended safety precautions. Ensure proper procedures are followed during lifting of heavy items. Follow all warnings and cautions identified in this manual. Facilities shall meet Code F Federal Regulations, Title 40, Protection of Environment, and all other state or federal environmental regulations.

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Air Force only -- The only permissible coatings or coverings authorized for Air Force owned or Controlled weapons are the following:

Receiver -- color hardcoat anodizing applied by qualified Depot personnel or personnel assigned to the USAF Gunsmith Shop. Other coatings approved by the Small Arms Program Office Engineer and applied by qualified Depot personnel or personnel assigned to the USAF Gunsmith Shop.

Any Steel Components -- Phosphate coat applied by qualified Depot personnel or personnel assigned to the USAF Gunsmith Shop Other coatings approved by the Small Arms Program Office Engineer and applied by qualified Depot personnel or personnel assigned to the USAF Gunsmith Shop.

Touch-up of small damaged or shiny areas -- SFL applied by qualified Combat Arms personnel only. Painting or otherwise camouflaging of Air Force weapons is not authorized.

HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL INFORMATION

When servicing this weapon, performing maintenance, or disposing of materials such as cleaning fluids, dry cleaning solvents, lubricants, waste thread locking compounds, and waste CARC mixtures (or items, such as cleaning rags, contaminated with these substances), consult your unit/local hazardous waste disposal center or safety office for local regulatory guidance.

If further information is needed, please contact The Army Environmental Command at 1-855-846-3940 / OCONUS: 210-466-1590 or online at http://aec.army.mil/ContactUs.aspx.