Project Grant R01DC021464

COMPUTATIONAL MODELS OF NORMAL AND IMPAIRED HEARING - PROJECT SUMMARY HUMANS WITH NORMAL HEARING EXCEL AT DERIVING INFORMATION ABOUT THE WORLD FROM SOUND. OUR AUDITORY ABILITIES REPRESENT STUNNING COMPUTATIONAL FEATS THAT ONLY RECENTLY HAVE BEEN REPLICATED TO ANY EXTENT IN MACHINE SYSTEMS. AND YET OUR AUDITORY ABILITIES ARE HIGHLY VULNERABLE, BEING GREATLY COMPROMISED IN LISTENERS WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT, COCHLEAR IMPLANTS, AND AUDITORY NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, PARTICULARLY IN THE PRESENCE OF NOISE. DIFFICULTIES IN RECOGNITION OFTEN LEAD TO FRUSTRATION AND SOCIAL ISOLATION, AND ARE NOT ADEQUATELY ADDRESSED BY CURRENT HEARING AIDS, IMPLANTS, AND REMEDIATION STRATEGIES. THE LONG-TERM GOAL OF THE PROPOSED RESEARCH IS TO BUILD MODELS THAT REPLICATE OUR ABILITIES TO RECOGNIZE AND LOCALIZE SOUNDS, AND TO USE THESE MODELS TO FACILITATE IMPROVED PROSTHETIC DEVICES AND THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS. THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORE EFFECTIVE DEVICES AND THERAPIES IS CURRENTLY LIMITED BY AN INCOMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF THE LINK BETWEEN PERIPHERAL AUDITORY PROCESSING AND AUDITORY BEHAVIOR. WE PROPOSE TO LEVERAGE MACHINE LEARNING TO BUILD MODELS THAT INSTANTIATE THIS LINK BY PERFORMING REALISTIC TASKS GIVEN SIMULATED PERIPHERAL AUDITORY INPUT, AND TO EVALUATE THE MODELS WITH LARGE-SCALE BEHAVIORAL ASSAYS. AIM 1 WILL BUILD MODELS OF RECOGNITION AND LOCALIZATION OF REAL-WORLD SOUNDS, AND COMPARE THEM TO HUMAN RECOGNITION AND LOCALIZATION JUDGMENTS. AIM 2 WILL AUGMENT THESE MODELS WITH SELECTIVE ATTENTION, AND COMPARE THEM TO HUMAN PERFORMANCE ON RECOGNITION AND LOCALIZATION TASKS THAT REQUIRE SELECTIVE ATTENTION. AIM 3 WILL INTRODUCE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SIMULATED HEARING LOSS TO THESE MODELS AND ATTEMPT TO ISOLATE DISTINCT BEHAVIORAL SIGNATURES OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF HEARING LOSS. THE RESEARCH WILL GENERATE MODELS THAT CAN PREDICT HUMAN AUDITORY BEHAVIOR ALONG WITH NEW BEHAVIORAL BENCHMARKS WITH WHICH TO EVALUATE THESE AND FUTURE MODELS. THE RESULTS WILL CLARIFY THE ROLE OF PERIPHERAL AUDITORY PROCESSING IN REAL-WORLD AUDITORY ABILITIES, SETTING THE STAGE FOR NEW STRATEGIES FOR REMEDIATION.