The National Science Foundation's Cellular and Biochemical Engineering (CBE) program is seeking fundamental engineering research proposals that advance the understanding of cellular and biomolecular processes. The program supports research that may lead to the development of enabling technology for advanced biomanufacturing in industries such as therapeutic cell, biochemical, biopharmaceutical, and biotechnology. Key areas of interest include metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, quantitative systems biotechnology, microbiome research, protein and enzyme engineering, and single-cell and population dynamics modeling. Proposals should address the novelty and potentially transformative nature of the work, as well as the potential impact on society and industry. Typical single-investigator awards are up to three years in duration and include support for one graduate student and up to one month of principal investigator time per year. Larger budgets for multiple-investigator projects may be considered. The program also encourages Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) proposals, which have a five-year award duration. Proposals for conferences, workshops, and supplements should be discussed with the program director prior to submission.