A-33 TANK HILL PARK PAVING IMPROVEMENTS

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Project No. 124.0191.01

June 3, 2024

100% SUBMITTAL

SNYDER & ASSOCIATES, INC.

2727 S.W. Snyder Blvd.

Ankeny, IA 50023

515-964-2020

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A-33 TANK HILL PARK PAVING IMPROVEMENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS - 1

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Prepared by Snyder & Associates, Inc.

June 3, 2024

100% Bidding Documents

A-33 TANK HILL PARK PAVING IMPROVEMENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

31 20 00 Excavation and Earthwork 31 25 00 Erosion and Sediment Control 32 13 13 Concrete Paving 32 13 14 Sidewalks, Shared Use Paths, And Driveways 32 13 15 Pavement Rehabilitation 32 17 23 Pavement Markings 32 92 19 Seeding

TANK PARK PAVING IMPROVEMENTS EXCAVATION AND EARTHWORK

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 1

SECTION 31 20 00

EXCAVATION AND EARTHWORK

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.01 SECTION INCLUDES

A. Clearing and Grubbing

B. Earthwork, Excavation, and Embankment Construction

C. Subgrade Preparation

D. Subbase Construction

E. Topsoil

1.02 DESCRIPTION OF WORK

Excavate and construct embankments, subgrades, and subbases.

1.03 SUBMITTALS

Comply with General Provisions, as well as the following:

Submit results of Standard Proctor and in-place density tests on compactions when required.

1.04 SUBSTITUTIONS

Comply with General Provisions.

1.05 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Comply with General Provisions.

1.06 SCHEDULING AND CONFLICTS

Comply with General Provisions.

1.07 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

If impractical, or if scheduling does not allow the removal of utilities before excavation, work around the utilities.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.01 TOPSOIL

Use suitable topsoil of uniform quality, free from hard clods, roots, sod, stiff clay, hard pan, stones larger than 1 inch (1/2 inch for turfgrass seeding), lime cement, ash, slag, concrete, tar residue, tarred paper, boards, chips, sticks, or any undesirable material.

Use on-site topsoil, unless compost-amended or off-site topsoil is specified.

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 2

A. On-site Topsoil: On-site topsoil material is material excavated from the top 12 inches of the site. Use of on-site topsoil material is subject to the Engineer’s approval.

B. Compost-amended On-site Topsoil: Amend low-quality on-site topsoil, not meeting the requirements specified for off-site topsoil, with a minimum of 1 inch of compost for every 3 inches of topsoil. Use compost meeting the requirements of mulch for pneumatic seeding in Section 32 92 19.

C. Off-site Topsoil: Contains at least 3% organic matter, according to ASTM D 2974, has a high degree of fertility, is free of herbicides that prohibit plant growth, has a pH level between

6.0 and 8.0, and meets the following mechanical analysis requirements:

Sieve Percent Passing

1” 100

1/2” 95* to 97*

1/4” 40 to 60

No. 100 40 to 60

No. 200 10 to 30

* 100% for turfgrass

The Engineer will approve the source of off-site topsoil. Surface soils from ditch bottoms, drained ponds, and eroded areas, or soils that are supporting growth of noxious weeds or other undesirable vegetation, will not be accepted. The Engineer will determine if testing is necessary. The Contractor will be responsible for payment of the testing if the off-site topsoil does not meet the above requirements. If the testing verifies the off-site topsoil does meet the above requirements, payment for the testing will be the responsibility of the Jurisdiction.

2.02 EXCAVATION MATERIALS

All project site and borrow excavation will be classified as Class 10, Class 12, or Class 13 as defined below, and as indicated in the contract documents.

A. Class 10 Excavation:

1. Class 10 excavation includes all normal soil such as loam, silt, gumbo, peat, clay, soft shale, sand, and gravel. It includes fragmentary rock handled in the manner normal to this class of excavation.

2. Includes any combination of the above described materials and any other material not classified as Class 12 or Class 13.

B. Class 12 Excavation:

1. Material deposits so firmly cemented together that they cannot be removed without continuous use of pneumatic tools or blasting.

2. Class 12 excavation includes the actual measured volume of granite, trap, quartzite, chert, limestone, sandstone, hard shale, or slate in natural ledges or displaced masses.

3. Also includes the estimated or measured volume of rock fragments or boulders that occur on the surface or in subsurface deposits mixed with soil, sand, or gravel when their size, number, or location prevents them from being handled in a manner normal to Class 10 excavation.

https://intrans.iastate.edu/app/uploads/sites/15/2020/02/9010.pdf

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 3

C. Class 13 Excavation:

1. Class 13 excavation includes all materials listed under the definitions of Classes 10 and 12, and any other material encountered, regardless of its nature.

2. This classification covers work commonly referred to as "unclassified excavation."

3. The contract documents will specify the limits for Class 13 excavation. Excavation within these limits will not be classified as Class 10 or Class 12 excavation.

D. Unsuitable or Unstable Materials:

1. Material encountered during excavation above or below grade that does not meet the suitable soil requirements in Section 31 20 00, 2.03.

2. Rubbish and debris, including trees, stumps, waste construction materials, scrap metals, and other materials that cannot be buried or used for backfill or topsoil.

3. Moisture content does not determine suitability of materials.

E. Borrow: Unless otherwise provided in the contract documents, when the quantity of fill material required is not available within the limits of the project cross-sections or specific borrow areas as indicated, the Contractor should make up the deficiency from borrow areas provided by the Engineer, or furnish equivalent material from other borrow areas.

2.03 SUITABLE EMBANKMENT MATERIALS

Meet the following requirements for all soils provided for the construction of embankments:

A. Density of 95 pcf or greater according to ASTM D 698 or AASHTO T 99 (Standard Proctor Density).

B. AASHTO M 145 group index of less than 30.

C. Liquid limit (LL) less than 50.

D. Soils not meeting these requirements are considered unsuitable soils, regardless of classification.

E. For soils to be placed below water, use clean granular material.

2.04 FOUNDATION MATERIALS

A. Select Subgrade Materials:

1. All soils required for select subgrade materials must be approved by the Engineer.

Approval of materials and their use will be based on AASHTO M 145.

a. Cohesive soils must meet all of the following requirements:

1) 45% or less silt size fraction.

2) Density of 110 pcf or greater according to ASTM D 698 or AASHTO T

99 (Standard Proctor Density).

3) Plasticity index greater than 10.

4) A-6 or A-7-6 soils of glacial origin.

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 4

b. Granular soils must meet all of the following requirements:

1) Density of 110 pcf or greater according to ASTM D 698 or AASHTO T

99 (Standard Proctor Density).

2) 15% or less silt and clay.

3) Plasticity index of 3 or less.

4) A-1, A-2, or A-3 (0).

2. Crushed stone, crushed PCC, crushed composite pavement, or RAP; mixtures of gravel, sand, and soil; or uniformly-blended combinations of the above; as approved by the Engineer.

3. The Engineer may authorize a change in select subgrade materials subject to materials available locally at time of construction.

B. Granular Stabilization Materials:

4. Clean, crushed stone or crushed concrete, with the following gradation:

Sieve Percent Passing

2 1/2” 100

2” 90 to 100

1 1/2” 35 to 70

1” 0 to 20

1/2” 0 to 5

5. The Engineer may authorize a change in gradation, subject to materials available locally at time of construction.

C. Subgrade Treatment:

1. Cement: Comply with Section 32 13 13.

2. Asphalt: Comply with AASHTO M 140.

3. Fly ash: Provide Class C meeting the requirements of ASTM C 618 with a minimum of 22% CaO; the Loss of Ignition requirements in Table 1 will not apply. Approval of source required.

4. Lime: Hydrated lime should meet requirements of ASTM C 207, Type N or AASHTO M 216, and others.

5. Geogrid:

a. Rectangular or Square: Use an integrally-formed grid structure manufactured of a stress-resistant polypropylene material. Use Type 1 geogrid, unless Type 2 is specified. Meet the following minimum physical properties:

Table 2010.02: Geogrid (Rectangular or Square)

Property Test Method Units Type 11 Type 2

Aperture stability modulus at 20 kg-cm Kinney2 - 01 kg-cm/deg 3.2 6.5

Minimum true initial modulus in use

Machine direction (MD) 15,080 32,890

Cross Machine direction (CMD) ASTM D 6637 lb/ft

20,560 44,725

Tensile strength, 2% strain https://intrans.iastate.edu/app/uploads/sites/15/2020/02/7010.pdf

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 5

MD 270 410

CMD

ASTM D 6637 lb/ft

380 590

Junction efficiency GRI-GG2-87 % 93 93

Flexural rigidity ASTM D 1388 mg-cm 250,000 750,000

Aperture size

Minimum 0.5 0.5

Maximum N/A in.

2.0 2.0 1 Geogrids meeting the requirements of Iowa DOT Article 4196.01, B and Materials I.M. 496.01 will be acceptable.

2 Dr. Thomas C. Kinney, P.E. and US Army Corps of Engineers.

b. Triangular: Use punched and drawn polypropylene that is oriented in three substantially equilateral directions. Meet the following minimum physical properties:

Table 2010.03: Geogrid (Triangular)

Property Test Method Units Type 3 Type 4

Aperture stability modulus at 5 kg-cm Kinney1 - 01 kg-cm/deg 3.0 3.6

Resistance to loss of load capacity

Chemical resistance

EPA 9090

Immersion

Ultra-violet light and weathering (500 hrs)

ASTM D 4355

% 90-100 90-100

Junction efficiency

GRI-GG2-87

GRI-GG1-87

% of ultimate tensile strength

93 93

Radial stiffness ASTM D 6637 lb/ft @ 0.5% strain 15,000 20,000

Rib Pitch

Longitudinal

Diagonal N/A in. 1.5-1.75 1.5-1.75

Mid-rib depth N/A in. 0.04-0.06 0.05-0.08

Mid-rib width N/A in. 0.035-0.05 0.035-0.055 1 Dr. Thomas C. Kinney, P.E. and US Army Corps of Engineers.

6. Geotextiles: Use a woven or non-woven permeable fabric, manufactured of polymer fibers, meeting the requirements of Iowa DOT Article 4196.01, B, 5.

D. Subbase:

1. Special Backfill:

a. Comply with Iowa DOT Specifications Section 4132. The quality requirements of

Iowa DOT Materials I.M. 210 for recycled pavements are waived.

b. The Engineer may authorize a change in gradation subject to materials available locally at time of construction.

2. Granular Subbase:

c. Comply with Iowa DOT Specifications Section 4121.

d. The Engineer may authorize a change in gradation subject to materials available locally at time of construction.

3. Modified Subbase:

e. Comply with Iowa DOT Specifications Section 4123.

f. The Engineer may authorize a change in gradation, subject to materials https://www.iowadot.gov/erl/current/GS/content/4196.htm https://www.iowadot.gov/erl/current/IM/content/496.01.htm https://www.iowadot.gov/erl/current/GS/content/4196.htm https://www.iowadot.gov/erl/current/GS/content/4132.htm https://www.iowadot.gov/erl/current/IM/content/210.htm https://www.iowadot.gov/erl/current/GS/content/4121.htm https://www.iowadot.gov/erl/current/GS/content/4123.htm

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 6

available locally at time of construction.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 CLEARING AND GRUBBING

A. Notification: Notify the Engineer prior to start of clearing and grubbing activities.

B. Tree Cutting:

1. October 1 through March 31: No restrictions on tree cutting.

2. April 1 through September 30: Cut trees only after authorized by the Engineer and upon receiving a copy of the Determination of Effect indicating no affect to threatened or endangered species is expected within the work area.

C. Removal: Remove the following items:

1. Trees and stumps, including roots, to a depth of at least 12 inches. Place backfill to fill the hole.

2. Logs and downed timber.

3. Hedge rows, brush, field fence, and agricultural products.

4. Vegetation and rubbish.

5. Other objectionable materials.

D. Disposal: Dispose of material from clearing and grubbing according to Iowa Administrative Code 567-23.2 and must meet local ordinances. If burning is not allowed, proceed as follows:

1. Process by chipping logs, downed timber, or brush for mulching material; or salvage logs and downed timber for firewood.

2. Other vegetation, including corn stubble, may be disked into the existing soil if approved by the Engineer.

3. Haul vegetative materials from clearing and grubbing that are not handled on the project to a yard waste disposal site.

4. Remove field fence and other non-vegetative materials from the project.

3.02 TOPSOIL

Prior to placement of all types of topsoil, finish excavation and embankment work according to the specified grades and cross-sections considering topsoil requirements; grade and slope all surfaces to drain away from buildings and prevent ponding. Conform to the grading plan within ± 2 inches. Till or rip constructed surface to a minimum depth of 4 inches to reduce compaction prior to topsoil placement.

A. On-Site Topsoil:

1. Stripping and Salvaging:

a. Mow all weeds, grass, and growing crops or other herbaceous vegetation close to

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 7

the ground and remove from the site. Shred sod by shallow plowing or blading and thorough disking. Thoroughly shred to allow the soil to be easily spread in a thin layer over areas to be covered. If allowed by the Engineer, herbicides may be applied, and vegetation may be incorporated into the topsoil.

b. Remove an adequate amount of topsoil from the upper 12 inches of existing on-site topsoil to allow finish grading with a finished grade of 8 inches of salvaged topsoil.

The topsoil may be moved directly to an area where it is to be used, or may be stockpiled for future use.

2. Spreading and Finish Grading:

a. Place topsoil at least 8 inches deep; smooth and finished grade according to the contract documents.

b. After finish grading the topsoil, till surface to a minimum depth of 4 inches. Remove clods, lumps, roots, litter, other undesirable material, or stones larger than 1 inch (1/2 inch for turfgrass).

B. Compost Amended Topsoil: Furnish and spread compost a uniform thickness blended according to Section 31 20 00, 2.01. Incorporate compost into underlying soil. Grade the compost amended soil. Till area a minimum depth of 4 inches to loosen surface from compaction during placement. Remove clods and stones and other undesirable materials.

C. Off-site Topsoil: Transport and spread 8 inches of approved off-site topsoil, unless otherwise specified. Grade and till the area a minimum depth of 4 inches to loosen surface from compaction during placement. Remove clods, lumps, roots, litter, other undesirable material, or stones larger than 1 inch (1/2 inch for turfgrass).

3.03 EXCAVATION

A. Notification: Notify the Engineer prior to start of excavation activities.

B. Pavement Removal:

1. Cut surface pavement to full depth as required, and at designated removal lines.

2. Remove all pavement materials.

a. If specified in the contract documents or allowed by the Engineer, process for re-use.

b. Dispose of excess material as follows:

1) Use as unsuitable soil according to this section.

2) If specified in the contract documents, deliver and stockpile at a site designated by the Engineer.

3) Otherwise, properly dispose of off-site.

3. Remove pavement material broken or damaged by the Contractor beyond designated removal lines to new line designated by the Engineer, and replaced at the Contractors expense.

4. Protect subgrade beneath existing pavement removal areas.

C. Excavation: Perform Class 10, 12, or 13 grading, as specified in the contract documents, to the prescribed grade.

D. Shaping of Borrows:

1. Ensure that borrow areas provided by the Contractor are regular in cross-section to

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 8

allow accurate measurement.

2. Ensure that care is taken to blend to natural land forms and avoid unnecessary damage to the land.

3. Do not divert natural drainage of surface water onto adjoining owners, and be diligent in draining the surface water in its natural course or channel.

4. Complete excavation in a way consistent with the existing natural drainage conditions.

E. Drainage:

1. Provide temporary drainage facilities to prevent damage to public or private interests when necessary to interrupt natural drainage or flow of artificial drains.

2. Restore original drainage as soon as work allows.

3. The Contractor is responsible for damage resulting from their neglect to provide erosion control or artificial drainage.

F. Unsuitable or Unstable Materials:

1. Remove unsuitable or unstable materials to a depth specified in the contract documents, or as directed by the Engineer.

2. The Engineer will determine the need for and type of backfill material, including select soil or granular subbase.

3. Remove all soft areas. Replace with approved materials.

4. If subbase materials are used, provide weight tickets at the time of delivery.

5. Dispose of unsuitable or unstable materials according to the requirements in this section.

G. Removal of Boulders: Remove all boulders with a minimum diameter of 6 inches.

H. Rock Excavation:

1. When excavation to the subgrade elevation results in a surface consisting of loose or solid rock:

a. Excavate 1 foot below the finished subgrade elevation.

b. Construct subgrade with suitable material.

c. Conduct operations so the Engineer is given the opportunity to measure cross-section before placement of subgrade material.

2. When pre-splitting of rock cuts is necessary, the limits of the area and the procedure used will be subject to the approval of the Engineer.

3. Dispose of rocks and boulders 6 inches in diameter and greater off-site.

I. Removal or Filling of Pipe Culverts, Pipes, and Conduits: Remove, plug, and/or fill with flowable mortar, as directed by the Engineer.

3.04 EMBANKMENT CONSTRUCTION

A. Notification: Notify the Engineer prior to start of embankment activities.

B. Site Preparation:

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 9

1. Remove all ground cover from the area.

2. When an embankment is placed on or against an existing slope that is steeper than 3:1 and is more than 10 feet high, cut the slope into steps as the construction of the new embankment progresses. The steps should ensure that all sod or other potential sliding surfaces are removed. Cut each step or series of steps to approximate horizontal planes which have vertical slope dimensions of at least 3 feet.

C. Depositing Embankment Material:

1. Except for rock fills and granular blankets, deposit embankment material in horizontal layers no greater than 8 inches in loose thickness. Do not incorporate vegetative materials in embankments. If some otherwise suitable soil contains small amounts of vegetative materials, such soils may be deposited outside of the shoulder line, within the outer 3 feet of the embankment.

2. When the width at the attained height is 30 feet or more, divide the area upon which the layer is to be placed into separate and distinct dump areas, having widths of at least 15 feet. If hauling equipment is operated within a dump area, cover the area with at least one passage of a tandem-axle disk, or two passages with a single-axle disk, prior to compaction.

3. Keep hauling equipment off dump areas of embankments 36 feet or more in width during compaction operations. Within 36 feet of a bridge or other limiting structure, or where the width of the embankment is less than 36 feet at the attained height, empty hauling units may travel on the dump area during compaction operations, as necessary to pass loaded hauling units. If the design width of the embankment is less than 30 feet at the attained height, hauling units will be allowed to travel through areas where compaction operations are in progress. When any hauling equipment is allowed to pass through compaction operations, do not require water, disking, and compacting equipment to deviate from their intended paths.

4. Deposit the material over the dump area as a separate and distinct operation. If the material, as deposited, contains an average of more than one lump per square yard, large enough to have at least one dimension greater than 12 inches, cover the area by at least one passage of a tandem-axle disk, or two passages of a single-axle disk. Use a disk that is designed and operated to cut and stir to the full depth of the layer.

5. After depositing and disking, if required, smooth the material to a uniform depth with a suitable motor patrol, bulldozer, or self-propelled sheepsfoot-type roller with a blade attachment. In addition to the initial smoothing operation, continue this smoothing and leveling of the lift during compaction, as necessary to provide a surface area free from ruts and other objectionable irregularities.

Use the self-propelled sheepsfoot-type roller (meeting the requirements of Iowa DOT Article 2001.05) under the following conditions:

a. Leveling must be done according to the prescribed rolling pattern.

b. Compaction should be the primary function of the unit.

c. Prevent spinning of the power drums.

d. When, in the opinion of the Engineer, the unit cannot satisfactorily accomplish both leveling and rolling, use a separate dozer or motor patrol for the leveling operation prior to initiation of compaction.

e. For embankments constructed primarily of sand or other granular material, the Contractor may substitute a pneumatic-tired roller meeting the requirements of Iowa DOT Article 2001.05.

https://www.iowadot.gov/erl/current/GS/content/2001.htm https://www.iowadot.gov/erl/current/GS/content/2001.htm https://www.iowadot.gov/erl/current/GS/content/2001.htm

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 10

6. Keep the outer portion of an embankment lower than its center, and wherever construction will be suspended for a period during which rain is likely to occur, roughen the surface to prevent erosion. This can be done by tracking, disking, or scarifying.

Stones 6 inches and smaller in diameter may be placed in embankments, but distributed to avoid pockets. No stones larger than 3 inches may be placed within 1 foot of the finished subgrade elevation.

D. Compaction with Moisture and Density Control: Compact with moisture and density control, unless Type A compaction is specified in the contract documents. See Section 31 20

00, 3.09 for moisture and density requirements.

E. Type A Compaction: When Type A compaction is specified in the contract documents, compact as follows:

1. After the surface layer has been smoothed, and before material for the next layer is deposited on it, compact the layer with at least one passage of the sheepsfoot-type roller per inch of loose thickness of the layer, until the roller is supported entirely on its feet.

The roller will be considered to be supported entirely on its feet when the tamping feet penetrate no more than 3 inches into an 8 inch lift or layer being compacted.

2. Determine if moisture content of the material is excessive or suitable for satisfactory compaction.

a. Start rolling operations immediately after the smoothing operation, or delay them, and instead aerate the material in preparation for rolling.

b. Perform aeration and compaction operations without unnecessary delay.

c. Rolling operations made prior to any aeration operations for a lift will not be counted as any of the required coverages.

3. If the material is dry to the extent that it will not likely be satisfactorily compacted by rolling, moisten the material.

a. The Engineer may order the material to be moistened uniformly before it is compacted.

b. The Engineer may authorize the use of water in the final finishing of the roadbed.

c. Delays from the ordering of moistening or drying will be at the Contractor’s expense.

4. The Contractor may substitute compaction with moisture and density control for Type A Compaction, providing all testing as required, at the Contractor’s expense.

3.05 USE OF UNSUITABLE SOILS

Unsuitable soils are not allowed in the right-of-way, unless otherwise specified in the contract documents or allowed by the Engineer.

3.06 SUBGRADE PREPARATION

Shape and consolidate subgrade in preparation for the placement of pavement.

A. Uniform Composition: Provide uniform composition of at least 12 inches below top of subgrade under new paving or subbase, plus 2 feet on each side. Use select subgrade materials unless granular stabilization materials or subgrade treatment is specified.

1. Subgrade Compaction in Fill Sections:

a. Follow the compaction with moisture and density control requirements in

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 11

Section 31 20 00, 3.04.

b. Construct in two 6 inch lifts.

2. Subgrade Compaction in Cut Sections:

a. Excavate and stockpile the top 6 inches of subgrade.

b. Scarify, mix, and re-compact the next 6 inches of subgrade.

c. Replace, mix, and compact the top 6 inches of subgrade.

d. Follow the compaction with moisture and density control requirements in Section

31 20 00, 3.09.

3. Remove stones over 3 inches from subgrade.

4. Construct to elevation and cross-section such that, after rolling, surface will be above required subgrade elevation.

B. Subgrade Stability:

1. Perform proof rolling with a truck loaded as designated by the Engineer using either:

a. A single axle or tandem truck fully loaded with rock or soil to the top of the truck’s sideboards; or

b. A single axle truck loaded with a rear axle weight of 13,500 pounds and total vehicle weight of 20,000 pounds or a tandem axle truck loaded with rear axle weight of 34,000 pounds and a total weight of 46,000 pounds. Verify axle and truck weights by tickets from a certified scale.

2. Operate trucks at less than 10 mph. Make multiple passes for every lane. The subgrade will be considered to be unstable if, under the operation of the loaded truck, the surface shows yielding (soil wave in front of the loaded tires) or rutting of more than 2 inches, measured from the top to the bottom of the rut at the outside edges.

3. If soft or yielding areas are located, remove unstable materials and replace with suitable foundation materials as approved by the Engineer, meeting Section 31 20 00, 2.04.

Compact subgrade materials in cut sections as required by the Engineer. If stabilization material is used, place and compact as required for subbase.

C. Final Subgrade: Complete final subgrade by excavation to grade by use of steel-shod template supported on side forms, support rollers, or by use of an automatically-controlled subgrade excavating machine.

D. Subgrade Check: Check subgrade elevation and grade by method approved by Engineer prior to paving.

E. Ruts: If ruts or other objectionable irregularities form in subgrade during construction, re-shape and re-roll subgrade before placing pavement. Fill ruts or other depressions with material similar to other subgrade material, and compact.

3.07 SUBGRADE TREATMENT

A. Lime, Cement, Fly Ash, or Asphalt:

1. Incorporate the subgrade treatment material uniformly during subgrade preparation to the depth and rate specified in the contract documents.

2. Place subgrade treatment in the areas specified in the contract documents for the width of the pavement, plus 2 feet on each side.

B. Geogrid or Geotextiles:

1. Install according to manufacturer’s recommendations, on top of the prepared subgrade.

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 12

2. Place in the areas specified in the contract documents for the width of the pavement, plus 2 feet on each side.

3.08 SUBBASE

A. Subgrade: Compact subgrade and shape smooth before subbase material is placed.

B. Construction: Construct the specified type of subbase to the specified depth, plus 2 feet outside the pavement area.

C. Moisture and Density: Compact subbase and provide testing according to Section 31 20 00, 3.09.

D. Final Elevation:

1. Trim to the design elevation and shape to the final template with an automatically-controlled trimming machine. Excess material may be salvaged and spread for use on any other approved project location or operation.

2. Conform to the design profile and cross-section to the extent that no point is higher than the designated elevation, and no point is lower than 0.05 foot below the design elevation.

3. Ensure that the top 1 inch of the subbase is uniformly moist prior to paving.

4. Do not allow hauling equipment and other traffic on completed subbase.

3.09 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Compaction Testing: If it is specified in the contract documents that the Contractor will conduct compaction testing, use the services of an independent testing laboratory approved by the Engineer.

B. Moisture Content and Density:

1. Ensure that moisture content falls within a range of optimum moisture to 4% above optimum moisture.

2. Compact cohesive soils to no less than 95% of maximum Standard Proctor Density; and cohesionless soils to no less than 70% of Relative Density.

C. Testing:

1. Lab Test: Determine laboratory density of material according to ASTM D 698 or AASHTO T 99 (Standard Proctor Density) or ASTM D 4253 and ASTM D 4254 (Maximum and Minimum Index Density for Cohesionless Soils). Provide at least one analysis for each material type used unless provided by the Engineer.

2. Field Test:

a. Perform in-place field density and moisture testing according to ASTM D 6938

(nuclear) or ASTM D 1556 (sand cone) and ASTM D 2216 (moisture content).

b. Frequency:

1) Urban Section: Provide one test per lift per 150 feet. If section is less than 300 feet, perform at least two tests per lift.

2) Rural Section: Provide one test for each 500 cubic yards of material placed, with at least two tests per lift.

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA 31 20 00 - 13

3. Test only locations selected by the Engineer.

4. The Engineer may require additional testing if noncompliance or change in conditions occur.

D. Test Failure: Rework, recompact, and retest as necessary until required compaction is achieved.

END OF SECTION

TANK PARK PAVING IMPROVEMENTS EROSION AND SEDIMENT

CAMP DODGE, JOHNSTON, IOWA CONTROL

31 25 00 - 1

SECTION 31 25 00

EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.01 SECTION INCLUDES

A. NPDES General Permit No. 2

B. Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP)

C. Erosion Control Measures

D. Velocity and Flow Control Measures

E. Sediment Control Measures

F. Application/Installation of Measures

G. Removal/Replacement of Measures

1.02 DESCRIPTION OF WORK

A. Furnish all materials; install, construct, maintain, and remove specified erosion control devices; at locations specified in the contract documents, or where specified by the Engineer.

B. Complete the required construction work on this project, while minimizing soil erosion and controlling water pollution. Maintain these features as specified, from initial construction stages to final completion of the project.

1.03 SUBMITTALS

Comply with General Provisions, as well as the following:

Upon request, provide copies of all records and documentation related to compliance with the Iowa DNR NPDES Permit.

1.04 SUBSTITUTIONS

Comply with General Provisions.

1.05 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Comply with General Provisions.

1.06 SCHEDULING AND CONFLICTS

Comply with General Provisions, as well as the following:

A. Implement erosion and sediment control measures at the appropriate time(s).

B. Coordinate construction to minimize damage to erosion and sediment control devices.

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1.07 SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

A. Permit:

1. When applicable, comply with the requirements of the Iowa Department of Natural Resources, NPDES (National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System) General Permit No. 2 for Stormwater Discharge Associated with Industrial Activity for Construction Activities, and the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan.

2. For projects covered under the Iowa DNR General Permit No. 2, sign on as a co-permittee with the owner and any other contractors or subcontractors.

3. When applicable, comply with the local jurisdiction’s permitting requirements.

B. Protection of Property: Prevent accumulation of soil, sediment, or debris from project site onto adjoining public or private property. Remove any accumulation of soil or debris immediately, and take remedial actions for prevention.

C. Permit Compliance: When applicable, conduct all operations in compliance with the Iowa DNR NPDES General Permit No. 2. Labor, equipment, or materials not included as a bid item, but necessary to prevent stormwater contamination from construction related sources, are considered incidental. Incidental work related to compliance with the permit may include, but is not limited to: hazardous materials protection, fuel containment, waste disposal, and providing employee sanitary facilities.

D. Project Staging: Replacing erosion and sediment control practices that are damaged or removed by the contractor in a manner that is inconsistent with the current project staging or SWPPP is the Contractor’s responsibility and will be at the Contractor’s expense.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.01 COMPOST BLANKETS

Comply with Section 32 92 05 for compost material requirements for compost blankets.

2.02 COMPOST BLANKET AND FILTER BERM TACKIFIER

A. Use a biodegradable, organic binding agent or polyacrylamide that can be mixed with, or injected into, compost or filter material as it is placed, which is not detrimental to the establishment of vegetation.

B. Use in filter berms or compost blankets when specified in the contract documents.

C. Apply at the rate recommended by the manufacturer.

2.03 FILTER MATERIAL

Material for use in filter socks, filter berms, and other areas, as specified in the contract documents.

A. Use material derived from wood, bark, or other, non-toxic vegetative feedstocks.

B. Use material with no visible admixture of refuse or other physical contaminants, nor

31 25 00 - 3 any material toxic to plant growth.

C. Use material meeting the following particle sizes:

Sieve Size Percent Passing1

2” 100

1” 90-100

3/8” 0-30 1The target flow rate of in-place material is 10 gal/min/lf. The Engineer may approve use of alternate materials meeting the target flow rate.

2.04 FILTER SOCK

A. For slope and sediment control applications, use a continuous, tubular, knitted, mesh netting with 3/8 inch openings, constructed of 5 mil thickness, photodegradable HDPE.

B. For inlet protection, use a continuous, tubular, knitted, mesh netting with 3/8 inch openings, constructed of 500 denier polypropylene.

C. Use 1 inch by 2 inch (minimum) hardwood stakes or stakes of equivalent strength.

2.05 TEMPORARY ROLLED EROSION CONTROL PRODUCTS (RECP)

Use temporary rolled erosion control products that are classified and have material properties according to the Erosion Control Technology Council’s (ECTC) guidelines as follows:

A. Material Classification:

1. RECP Type 1 (Ultra Short-term): Functional longevity of 3 months or less and classified as follows:

a. RECP Type 1.A: Mulch control net, consisting of a photodegradable synthetic mesh or woven biodegradable natural fiber netting.

b. RECP Type 1.B: Netless rolled erosion control blankets, consisting of natural and/or polymer fibers, mechanically interlocked and/or chemically adhered together to form a RECP.

c. RECP Type 1.C: Single-net erosion control blankets and open weave textiles, consisting of processed degradable natural and/or polymer fibers, mechanically bound together by a single rapidly-degrading, synthetic or natural fiber netting, or an open weave textile of processed rapidly-degrading natural or polymer yarns or twines woven into a continuous matrix.

d. RECP Type 1.D: Double-net erosion control blankets, consisting of processed degradable natural and/or polymer fibers, mechanically bound together between two rapidly-degrading, synthetic or natural fiber nettings.

2. RECP Type 2 (Short-term): Functional longevity between 3 and 12 months and classified as follows:

a. RECP Type 2.A: Mulch control net, consisting of a photodegradable synthetic mesh or woven biodegradable natural fiber netting.

b. RECP Type 2.B: Netless rolled erosion control blankets, consisting of natural and/or polymer fibers, mechanically interlocked and/or chemically adhered together to form a RECP.

c. RECP Type 2.C: Single-net erosion control blankets and open weave textiles, consisting of an erosion control blanket composed of processed degradable natural or polymer fibers, mechanically bound together by a single degradable synthetic or natural fiber netting to form a continuous matrix, or an open weave textile composed of processed degradable natural or polymer yarns or twines

31 25 00 - 4 woven into a continuous matrix.

d. RECP Type 2.D: Double-net erosion control blanket, consisting of processed degradable natural and/or polymer fibers, mechanically bound together between two degradable synthetic or natural fiber nettings.

3. RECP Type 3 (Extended Term): Functional longevity between 12 and 24 months and classified as follows:

a. RECP Type 3.A: Mulch control nets, consisting of a slow-degrading synthetic mesh or woven natural fiber netting.

b. RECP Type 3.B: Erosion control blankets and open weave textiles, consisting of processed slow-degrading natural or polymer fibers, mechanically bound together between two slow-degrading synthetic or natural fiber nettings to form a continuous matrix, or an open weave textile composed of processed slow-degrading natural or polymer yarns or twines woven into a continuous matrix.

4. RECP Type 4 (Long Term): Functional longevity of 36 months and classified as follows: Erosion control blankets and open weave textiles, consisting of processed slow- degrading natural or polymer fibers, mechanically bound together between two slow degrading synthetic or natural fiber nettings to form a continuous matrix, or an open weave textile composed of processed slow-degrading natural or polymer yarns or twines woven into a continuous matrix.

B. Properties and Performance:

1. Testing performed according to the ECTC’s Testing Procedures for Rolled Erosion Control Products. Verify manufacturer’s test results by independent testing.

2. Material properties meeting the Erosion Control Technology Council’s (ECTC) Standard Specifications for Rolled Erosion Control Products as follows:

Slope Application Channel Application Classification

Max. Grade* Permissible Shear Stress Min. Tensile

Strength RECP Type 1.A 5:1 (H:V) 0.25 lb/ft2 5 lb/ft

RECP Type 1.B 4:1 (H:V) 0.50 lb/ft2 5 lb/ft

RECP Type 1.C 3:1 (H:V) 1.50 lb/ft2 50 lb/ft

RECP Type 1.D 2:1 (H:V) 1.75 lb/ft2 75 lb/ft

RECP Type 2.A 5:1 (H:V) 0.25 lb/ft2 5 lb/ft

RECP Type 2.B 4:1 (H:V) 0.50 lb/ft2 5 lb/ft

RECP Type 2.C 3:1 (H:V) 1.50 lb/ft2 50 lb/ft

RECP Type 2.D 2:1 (H:V) 1.75 lb/ft2 75 lb/ft

RECP Type 3.A 5:1 (H:V) 0.25 lb/ft2 25 lb/ft

RECP Type 3.B 1.5:1 (H:V) 2.00 lb/ft2 100 lb/ft

RECP Type 4 1:1 (H:V) 2.25 lb/ft2 125 lb/ft

*Product tested according to ECTC Test Method No. 2 and meeting the ECTC Standard Specifications for “C” factor.

C. RECP Anchors: Stakes or staples as recommended by manufacturer, with a minimum length of 6 inches.

2.06 WATTLES

A. Netting: Open weave, degradable netting. Nominal diameter of 9 inches, or as specified.

B. Fill Material: Straw, wood excelsior, coir, or other natural materials approved by the Engineer.

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C. Stakes: 1 inch by 1 inch (minimum) wooden stakes, or stakes of equivalent strength.

2.07 CHECK DAMS

A. Synthetic Permeable Check Dam (HDPE):

1. Ditch Berm:

a. Installed height of 9 to10 inches.

b. Manufactured check dam constructed from sheets of perforated, UV-stabilized

High Density Polyethylene (HDPE).

c. Perforations of 30 to 40% open area.

2. RECP for Permeable Check Dam (when specified): RECP Type 4, 4 feet wide.

3. Anchors: As recommended by the manufacturer.

B. Triangular Foam Check Dam: Triangular-shaped device with a height of 8 to 10 inches and a base of 16 to 20 inches.

1. Inner Support Material: Urethane foam.

2. Outer Cover: Woven geotextile material shaped to fit around the inner support material, extending 2 to 3 feet beyond the bottom edge of the triangular-shaped inner support.

3. Length: 7 feet.

C. Rock Check Dam:

1. Aggregate: Erosion stone complying with Iowa DOT Article 4130.04.

2. Engineering Fabric: Comply with Section 31 25 00, 2.20.

2.08 LEVEL SPREADERS

A. Provide 2 inch by 8 inch (minimum) pressure-treated timber of the length specified.

B. Use timbers that are relatively straight and have a minimum length of 5 feet each.

2.09 RIP RAP

A. Class A Revetment: Comply with Iowa DOT Section 4130.

B. Class B Revetment: Comply with Iowa DOT Section 4130.

C. Class D and E Revetment: Comply with Iowa DOT Section 4130.

D. Erosion Stone: Comply with Iowa DOT Section 4130.

2.10 TEMPORARY PIPE SLOPE DRAINS

A. PVC, HDPE, and metal pipes as specified in Section 33 42 11.

B. HDPE, Type C (corrugated interior).

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C. All pipes listed are allowed for use within the right-of-way.

2.11 SEDIMENT BASIN OUTLET STRUCTURES

A. Base: Class C concrete unless otherwise specified in the contract documents.

B. Riser: CMP complying with Section 33 42 11; diameter as specified in the contract documents.

C. Dewatering Device:

1. Drill holes in the riser of the number, diameter, and at the elevation specified in the contract documents.

2. 1/4 inch by 1/4 inch or 1/2 inch by 1/2 inch wire mesh for hardware cloth.

D. Barrel: CMP complying with Section 33 42 11; diameter as specified in the contract documents.

E. Anti-Vortex Device: CMP complying with Section 33 42 11; diameter according to SUDAS Figure 9040.116 and riser diameter as specified in the contract documents.

F. Anti-Seep Collar:

1. Corrugated metal sheet of same material and gage as barrel section.

2. Size according to SUDAS Figure 9040.117.

2.12 SEDIMENT TRAPS

A. Erosion Stone: Comply with Section 31 25 00, 2.09.

B. Engineering Fabric: Comply with Section 31 25 00, 2.20.

2.13 SILT FENCE

A. Fabric: Comply with Iowa DOT Article 4196.01.

B. Posts: 4 foot minimum steel (T-section) weighing at least 1.25 pounds per foot, exclusive of anchor plate. Painted posts are not required.

C. Fastener: Wire or plastic ties with a minimum tensile strength of 50 pounds.

2.14 STABILIZED CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE

A. Entrance Stone: Comply with Iowa DOT Section 4122, Gradation 13, Macadam crushed stone.

B. Subgrade Stabilization Material: Use woven, UV-stabilized geotextile with a minimum tensile strength of 135 lb/ft.

2.15 DUST CONTROL

A. Water: Use potable water or water from a source approved by the engineer.

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B. Calcium Chloride: Comply with Iowa DOT Article 4194.01.

C. Lignosulfonate (Tree Sap): Use a commercially-available product with known lignin content.

D. Soapstock (Soybean Oil):

1. Use a commercially-available, undiluted, soybean oil soapstock emulsion.

2. Comply with manufacturer’s recommendations for storage, transportation, temperature, and application equipment requirements.

2.16 EROSION CONTROL MULCH

A. Conventional Mulch:

1. Use dry cereal straw (oats, wheat, barley, or rye) or native grass straw.

2. Use material that is free of noxious weeds, seed-bearing stalks, or roots, and will be inspected and approved by the Engineer prior to use.

3. Other materials, subject to the approval of the Engineer, may be used.

B. Hydromulch:

1. Wood Cellulose Mulch: Comply with Section 32 92 05.

2. Bonded Fiber Matrix (BFM): Comply with Section 32 92 05.

3. Mechanically Bonded Fiber Matrix (MBFM): See Section 32 92 05.

2.17 TURF REINFORCEMENT MATS (TRM)

A. Material Classification:

1. TRM Type 1: Use a TRM that is constructed of a web of mechanically or melt-bonded polymer netting, monofilaments, or fibers that are entangled to form a strong and dimensionally stable mat. Bonding methods include polymer welding, thermal or polymer fusion, or the placement of synthetic fibers between two high-strength, biaxially-oriented nets, mechanically bound by parallel stitching with polyolefin thread. Products may contain a degradable component.

2. TRM Type 2 and 3: Use a TRM that is constructed of a web of mechanically or melt-bonded polymer netting, monofilaments, or fibers that are entangled or woven to form a strong and dimensionally stable mat. Non-woven bonding methods include polymer welding, thermal or polymer fusion, or the placement of fibers between two high-strength, biaxially oriented nets, mechanically bound by parallel stitching with polyolefin thread. Use only components that are 100% synthetic and resistant to biological, chemical, and ultraviolet degradation.

3. TRM Type 4: Use a high performance/survivability TRM that is composed of monofilament yarns woven into a resilient uniform configuration. Use a mat that has a matrix that exhibits very high interlock and reinforcement capacities with both soil and root systems and demonstrate a high tensile modulus. TRMs manufactured from discontinuous or loosely held together by stitched or glued, netting, or composites are not allowed in this category. Use only components that are 100% synthetic and https://www.iowadot.gov/erl/current/GS/content/4194.htm https://intrans.iastate.edu/app/uploads/sites/15/2020/02/9010.pdf

31 25 00 - 8 resistant to biological, chemical, and ultraviolet degradation. Use this category when field conditions exist with high loading and/or high survivability requirements.

B. Properties and Performance: Meet the minimum material and performance requirements contained in the following table:

Property1 Test Method Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4

Thickness ASTM D 6525 0.25 in 0.25 in5 0.25 in5 0.25 in5

Tensile Strength2 ASTM D 6818 125 lb/ft 240 lb/ft 750 lb/ft 3,000 lb/ft

M a te ri a l

UV Resistance3 ASTM D 4355 80% @ 500 hrs

80% @ 1,000 hrs

80% @ 1,000 hrs

90% @ 3,000 hrs

P e rf o rm a n c e

Maximum Shear Stress4

(Channel Applications) ASTM D 6460 7 lb/ft2 10 lb/ft2 12 lb/ft2 15 lb/ft2

1 For TRMs containing degradable components, all values must be obtained on the non-degradable portion of the matting.

2 Minimum Average Roll Values, machine direction only.

3 Tensile strength of structural components retained after UV exposure.

4 Minimum shear stress that fully-vegetated TRM can sustain without physical damage or excess erosion (0.5 in soil loss) during a 30 minute flow event in large scale testing. Acceptable large scale testing protocol includes ASTM D 6460 or independent testing conducted by the Texas Transportation Institute, Colorado State University, Utah State University, or other approved testing facility. Bench scale testing is not acceptable.

5 Type 2, 3, and 4 TRM may include additional degradable components as long as material and performance requirements are met by the 100% synthetic components.

2.18 INLET PROTECTION

A. Drop-in Intake Protection:

1. Use a manufactured device that is inserted into the intake and is capable of trapping or filtering sediment from runoff prior to entering the storm sewer.

2. All components must be contained entirely below the surface of the intake grate.

3. Incorporate means of emergency outflow to prevent flooding if plugged with sediment.

B. Surface-applied Intake Protection:

1. Use devices or filter socks, placed around or over the intake, that are capable of trapping or filtering sediment from runoff prior to entering the storm sewer.

2. Do not allow the device to completely block or plug the intake, preventing inflow.

2.19 FLOW TRANSITION MATS

Comply with the following and Iowa DOT Materials I.M. 469.10.

A. Mat:

1. Constructed of 85% minimum UV resistant material with a maximum ground cover of 80%.

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2. Meet the requirements of the following table:

Property Test Method Value

Mass/Unit Area (max.) ASTM D 6566 3 lbs/SF

Minimum Thickness ASTM D 6525 0.4 inch

Maximum Thickness ASTM D 6525 1.1 inch

Tensile Strength ASTM D 6818 550 lbs/ft

Minimum Percent Open Area ASTM D 6567 20%

UV Stability ASTM D 4355 85%

B. Anchoring Devices:

1. Furnish bullet tip style anchors made of a metal alloy attached to a wire rope.

2. Anchors capable of withstanding a minimum 300 pounds (136 kg) of pull out resistance in cohesive soils.

3. Wire rope a minimum of 30 inches (762 mm) in length with a minimum breaking strength of at least 300 pounds (136 kg).

4. The top washer a minimum of 3 inches (76 mm) in diameter and constructed of a UV resistant plastic.

5. Each anchor equipped to allow the retightening of the anchor when deemed necessary by the Engineer.

2.20 ENGINEERING FABRIC

Comply with Iowa DOT Article 4196.01, B, 3.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 SWPPP PREPARATION

A. Prepare a SWPPP according to the requirements of the Iowa DNR NPDES General Permit No. 2.

B. Ensure that controls utilized in the SWPPP conform to the type and quantity of erosion and sediment controls specified in the contract documents.

C. Submit the completed SWPPP to the Engineer for review and approval prior to filing the Notice of Intent.

D. Upon approval of the Engineer, file public notices, as required by the NPDES General Permit No. 2.

E. File the Notice of Intent and fee, as required by the NPDES General Permit No. 2.

3.02 SWPPP MANAGEMENT

Coordinate and carry out all requirements of Iowa DNR NPDES General Permit No. 2 and any local ordinance requirements, including:

A. Update the SWPPP according to the requirements of the NPDES General Permit No. 2.

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B. Revise the SWPPP and implement changes, as necessary, to prevent sediment or hazardous materials from being transported off the site.

C. Submit all SWPPP revisions to the Engineer for review and approval.

D. Perform and maintain records of weekly erosion and sediment control site inspections, unless otherwise specified in the contract documents.

E. Maintain records of transfer of…