MAMC_Report_of_Findings.pdf

National Park Service

U.S. Department of the Interior

NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

LANDS PLANNING AND DESIGN

WASHINGTON, D.C.

Install Fire Protection & Security Systems

Mary McLeod Bethune Council House Report of Findings

National Park Service National Capital Parks – East (NACE)

Washington, DC

FINAL SUBMISSION

July 2014

Prepared by:

Protection Engineering Group Chantilly, VA

Contract No. P09PC60802

Task Order No. 24

PMIS No. 169326

Mary McLeod Bethune Council House/PE Group/March 2014

Mary McLeod Bethune Council House April 7, 2014

Install Fire Protection & Security Systems

P09PC60802 Task 24 Page ii

Tables of Contents I. Executive Summary

II. Building Description

III. Architectural Significance

IV. Hazardous Material

V. Fire Protection Objectives

VI. Design Criteria

VII. Fire Suppression Background & Requirements

VIII. Fire Protection Water Supply

IX. Hydrant Water Flow Test

X. Preliminary Hydraulic Analysis

XI. Fire Department Connection (FDC)

XII. Fire Suppression Design Approach & Architectural Considerations

XIII. Civil

XIV. Fire Alarm System

XV. Security System

XVI. Electrical System

XVII. Summary of Items Requiring NPS Direction

Appendix A (February 29, 2014 Water Flow Test)

Appendix B (April 10, 2010 Water Flow Test)

Appendix C (Fire Department Connection Examples)

Appendix D (Vermont Avenue Water Main)

Appendix E (Elevation view of Mary McLeod Bethune Council House)

Appendix F (Dry Upright Sprinkler Example)

Appendix G (Utility Designation Survey Results)

Appendix H (Emergency Light Fixture Options)

Appendix I (Mary McLeod Bethune Council House Floor Plans)

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I. Executive Summary

At the request of the National Park Service (NPS), the Protection Engineering Group, Inc. (PE Group) performed an evaluation at the Mary McLeod Bethune Council House, herein referred to as the MBCH, for the purpose of providing construction ready documents for a fire suppression system, a fire alarm detection & notification system and a security system in the building.

This report discusses the fire suppression system, fire detection & notification system and security system that are most applicable for the MBCH, and also explains some of the basic design concepts for each of these systems. All proposed systems take into account the appearance of the building’s interior, exterior and grounds for the purpose of preservation. The discussions in this report are intended to assist the NPS personnel understand the fire protection and security options, and to provide guidance for the detailed

Title II design efforts that will be necessary. Appendix I contains the floor plans for the building identifying each room’s name.

II. Building Description

MBCH is located in the northwest quadrant of Washington, DC on Lot 55 in Square 242 at 1318 Vermont

Avenue, south of Logan Circle. The project site consists of two buildings, a four story (including basement) row-style townhouse at the front of the property and a two story building on the back of the property referred to as the Carriage House. It is important to note that this evaluation is limited to the

Council House and does not include an evaluation of the Carriage House.

The MBCH is administered and occupied during the day by NPS staff, serving as an historic house museum and working office space. It is a brick and wood frame row-style townhouse with mansard roofs, 1-story bay windows, and a raised basement. Each floor is composed of approximately 1200 square feet.

The building was built in 1875 with subsequent renovations in 1975 and 2002.

III. Architectural Significance

Much of the building is considered architecturally sensitive due to the historic nature of the building. It is important to note that the “Mary McLeod Bethune Council House: Historic Structure Report (HSR),” by

Beyer Blender Bell of April 29, 2008 was utilized in conjunction with discussions with the stakeholders at the kick off meeting for the current project on February 27, 2014 in order to take into consideration architectural features within the building.

Based on the HSR, the future use for the first, second and third floors is “Historic House Museum:

Interpreted to Period of Significance.” The Basement space is noted as various storage and mechanical rooms. The below table identifies the locations which are the architecturally sensitive. Also refer to

Figures 1-4.

Basement Floor Not considered historically significant

First Floor All areas are considered sensitive with the exception of the Bookstore 104

Second Floor All areas are considered sensitive with the exception of Office 206

Third Floor All areas are considered sensitive

Attic Not considered historically significant

Table 1: MBCH – Architecturally Sensitive Areas

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Figure 1: Basement Level – Not Historically Significant

Figure 2: First Floor – Historically Sensitive

Figure 3: Second Floor – Historically Sensitive

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Figure 4: Third Floor – Historically Sensitive

A. First Floor

1. Existing Condition: These spaces were restored in recent projects and include suspended plaster ceilings, plaster on masonry at the walls and a plaster cornice. Due to a fire in 1966 all of the wall plaster on the first floor was replaced in 1974 or 1975.

2. Architectural Issues: As a result of much of this plaster being provided or being restored in the

1980s, and since it is a material that can now be easily cut and patched, there should be a good deal of freedom regarding new systems (fire suppression, fire alarm and security). The walls can be channeled for vertical pipe runs and then re-plastered however this is not anticipated except in Room 306. Fire suppression sprinklers can be placed in the ceiling with the majority of the associated sprinkler pipe concealed.

B. Second and Third Floors

1. The HSR indicates that in the future these spaces should be used for interpretation. As a result it is appropriate to design any new systems with this in mind. Due to a fire in 1966 all of the wall plaster on the second floor was replaced in 1974 or 1975.

2. Existing Conditions: In some rooms suspended ceilings (gypsum, plaster or lay-in acoustical tile) have been installed to conceal electrical wiring, fixtures and mechanical systems. The walls have hard plaster on masonry.

3. Architectural Issues: With no modification to existing ceiling, mechanical and electrical systems the preferred option is to provide concealed pendent sprinklers throughout with the sprinkler piping network located above the suspended ceiling.

C. Basement

1. Since the basement is now utility space and this use will continue, we do not foresee any architectural or preservation issues with proving a new fire suppression, fire alarm and security system.

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D. Due to the historic nature of the MBCH concealment of the sprinkler pipe and sprinklers is a priority.

Based on information gathered from drawings and visual surveys, concealment of much of the sprinkler pipe on the first and second floors will be obtained by channeling between ceiling joists.

Any ceiling disturbed will be repaired with similar material and finishes to match the current conditions. It is recommended that concealed pendent type sprinklers be utilized throughout the building to minimize the appearance of a sprinkler. Refer to Figure 12. It is important to note that the cover plate color of the concealed pendent sprinkler can be specified when ordering from the manufacturer. Refer to Section XII of the report for detailed discussions of sprinkler type and sprinkler pipe routing in each room within MBCH.

IV. Hazardous Material

On March 14, 2014 and April 1, 2014 hazardous material testing was performed at the MBCH. Wall and ceilings were sampled and tested for asbestos containing material and lead. Testing results documented in a report with recommendations is expected to be provided to NPS in mid-April 2014. It is important to note that the HSR indicated that “lead testing information provided by the NPS also confirms most of the building is lead-free”.

V. Fire Protection Objectives

Historic preservation of the MBCH is the primary reason in providing a fire suppression system and a fire detection & notification system throughout the building.

The primary fire safety objective for MBCH is to prevent fire ignition. However, even with the best fire prevention efforts, an accidental or intentionally set fire remains a strong possibility. Therefore, the following performance based objectives are presented to help understand the implementation of protective features and systems.

A. Identify the fire – The developing fire should be recognized as soon as it starts, preferably before the appearance of visible flames. This recognition may be achieved by staff when the building is occupied. However, during non-occupied times some form of automatic fire detection must be present. Upon automatic fire detection, an alarm notification must immediately be transmitted to emergency response personnel (NPS and the local fire department) so that fire control efforts can be initiated.

MBCH contains a partial fire alarm system consisting of detection (smoke and heat detectors) and notification appliances (bells). Refer to Section XIV for further discussion on the existing fire alarm systems.

B. Limit the fire – Once a fire occurs, flames and smoke should be confined to the room of fire origin.

This can help reduce damage to the remainder of the building, and allow for safe egress of building occupants. In addition, this can help maintain the building’s structural integrity, reducing fire fighter risk and ultimately decreasing the level of post fire restoration.

C. Control the fire – Once flames appear, fire control should commence almost immediately. If this is achieved, there is a high probability that damage can be locally isolated. Due to the small scale size of the MBCH, without some means of fire control by a fire suppression system until the fire department arrives, the probability of complete building loss is drastically increased. The “lag” time associated from the point of automatic detection to the arrival of the local fire department could result in total loss of the building.

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It is important to note that a fire emanating from the Basement of the MBCH nearly destroyed the structure in 1966. Although the building was repaired, a fire suppression system was not installed. As a result, in its current state, the local fire department would bear the full responsibility of limiting and suppressing a fire within the buildings.

VI. Design Criteria

A. The project will be designed in accordance with the following applicable National Park Service codes and standards:

1. International Code Council (ICC) Model Codes, 2009 edition:

o International Building Code (IBC)

2. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA):

o NFPA 13: Installation of Sprinkler Systems (2010) o NFPA 24: Standard for the Installation of Private Fire Service Mains and their

Appurtenances (2009) o NFPA 25: Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire

Protection Systems (2011).

o NFPA 70: National Electric Code (2011) o NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm (2012) o NFPA 730 (2011) Guideline for Premises Security o NFPA 731 (2011) Guideline for the Installation of Electronic Premises Security Systems o All other NFPA codes and standards, including recommended practices

3. Other Guidelines, Codes, Regulations and Local Utility Requirements:

o NPS-NCR Fire Protection System Requirements rev 9/28/2011 herein referred to as NPS-

NCR FPSR.

o Secretary of Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties (36 CFR, Part

68) o Specific Intrusion Detection & CCTV System Requirements from the United States Park

Police o UL 1076(1995; Rev thru Feb 1999) Proprietary Burglar Alarm Units and Systems o UL 294(1999; Rev thru Oct 2001) Access Control System Units o UL 639(1997; Rev thru Sep 2002) Intrusion Detection Units

4. Federal Government Legislation, Regulations, Standards and Guidelines:

o ADA Accessibility Guidelines for Buildings and Facilities (ADAAG).

o Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards (UFAS).

VII. Fire Suppression Background & Requirements

The main goal of a fire suppression system is to control the size of the fire until the fire department arrives and/or extinguish the fire completely. A wet or dry pipe sprinkler system is typically utilized to control a fire until the fire department arrives. However, the activation of the sprinklers may also completely suppress the fire. The “fire control” approach anticipates that a certain number of sprinklers will open surrounding the fire area. In some cases, sprinklers that open around the fire may not be able to extinguish a fire but they can control and limit the spread of the fire by cooling the atmosphere and wetting adjacent combustibles.

A. A wet pipe sprinkler system is typically utilized in buildings, or portions of buildings, where the temperature will remain above 40 degrees Fahrenheit. This type of sprinkler system uses automatic

P09PC60802 Task 24 Page 6 of 40 sprinklers attached to a piping system containing water and connected to a water supply so that water discharges immediately from sprinklers opened by heat from a fire.

B. A dry pipe sprinkler system is typically utilized in buildings, or portions of buildings, where the temperature will not always remain above 40 degrees Fahrenheit. This type of sprinkler system uses automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system containing air under pressure, the release of which (as from the opening of a sprinkler) permits the water pressure to open a valve known as a dry pipe valve, and then water then flows into the piping system and out the opened sprinklers.

1. Compared to wet pipe sprinkler systems, the following should be considered when choosing a dry pipe sprinkler system:

o All sprinkler piping as part of a dry pipe sprinkler system are required to be installed with a specific slope in order to assist with draining of water out of the system, such as after annual testing. A wet pipe sprinkler system has no specific requirement for sloping of the associated pipe. As a result, the labor cost for the installation of a dry pipe sprinkler system can be expected to be more than that of a wet pipe sprinkler system.

o Additional maintenance is required on a dry pipe sprinkler system when compared to a wet pipe sprinkler system. The drain valves (drum drip assemblies) require a more rigorous maintenance schedule than the wet pipe sprinkler systems.

C. The fire protection sprinkler requirements for MBCH are based in part on Article III-A of the NPS-

NCR FPSR with the following general criteria:

1. An automatic sprinkler system, installed in accordance with NFPA 13, is required to be throughout the building. Quick response type sprinklers will be provided throughout the entire building.

2. All levels of a building shall be sprinkled including attics, porches and concealed spaces, unless exempted by the AHJ.

3. Wet System pipes shall be black iron, Schedule 40 FM approved.

D. Fire Sprinkler Zoning

1. NFPA 13 Article 8.2 limits the maximum area per sprinkler zone to 52,000 square feet for Light and Ordinary Hazard occupancies. This limit is not exceeded by combining the floor areas within the building; that is one sprinkler valve assembly for MBCH can serve all sprinklers within the building.

E. Fire Sprinkler Hazard Classification

1. The basement level consists of a kitchen, meeting room, mechanical spaces, bathroom, storage rooms and an office.

2. The first floor consists of display rooms and a bookstore.

3. The second floor consists of display rooms, a bathroom and an office.

4. The third floor consists of offices and a bathroom.

5. The attic has no occupancy and is only accessed from a ceiling access hatch.

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6. The following table summarizes the hazard classifications and corresponding sprinkler system densities, hose stream requirements, design areas and maximum coverage area per sprinkler based on the requirements of NFPA 13.

Occupancy

Classification

Use Design

Density

(gpm/sqft)

Sprinkler

Coverage

(sqft)

Design

Area

(sqft)

Hose Stream

Allowance

(gpm)

Light Hazard Offices, Kitchen, Museum spaces

(display room), Meeting room, Rear porch, Attic

0.1 225

(pendent/upright)

196 (sidewall)

1500 100

Ordinary Hazard

Group 1

Mechanical spaces, Bookstore, Storage rooms

0.15 130

(pendent/upright)

100 (sidewall)

1500 250

Table 2: Sprinkler System and Water Supply Design Requirements for Sprinklered Facilities

7. The design areas in the table above will also be increased by 30 percent for sloped ceilings that exceed a pitch of one in six (attic level) as required by NFPA 13.

8. When quick response sprinklers are used throughout the system, the design areas may be reduced as permitted by NFPA 13, without revising the density. The use of quick response sprinklers is limited to wet pipe systems.

9. It is important to note that even though the minimum design area of 1,500 square feet is required, as indicated in the above table, the hydraulic calculation for each floor will only account for the entire floor area as the area of each floor is less than 1,500 square feet (refer to attached Hydraulic Calculations).

F. Standpipe System

1. A standpipe system (a system providing 2½-inch hose connection to supply water for use by the fire department) is not required for MBCH in accordance with IBC Article 905.3.1, as the highest story is located less than 30 feet above the lowest level of fire department access.

Therefore, a standpipe system will not be provided in this building.

2. As a standpipe system will not be provided, hydraulic calculations for the building will indicate the required hose stream allowance of 100 gpm or 250 gpm (Table 11.2.3.1.2 of NFPA 13) taken at the exterior of the building at a closest fire hydrant.

VIII. Fire Protection Water Supply

A. As there is no existing fire suppression system for MBCH, a dedicated fire service for the building does not exist. There is an existing 1½-inch domestic service entering the building from Vermont

Avenue however this service is inadequate for use for a new fire suppression system by current codes and standards; that is a 1½-inch service will not provide adequate flow and pressure for a NFPA 13 fire suppression system.

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B. Two existing 8-inch water mains are routed parallel to Vermont Avenue (one on either side of the street). Each 8-inch main serves the existing residences on its side of the street. Refer to Appendix D for water site plan depicting the existing water mains on Vermont Avenue.

C. The 8-inch water main immediately adjacent to MBCH on Vermont Avenue appears to have been installed in 1989 based on DC Water documents. This 8-inch main will be utilized as the tap for the new fire service for the wet pipe sprinkler system in the Council House.

D. Current preliminary fire suppression hydraulic calculations indicate a new 6-inch fire service would be required. The minimum size for the fire service would be 4-inches. A new 6-inch fire service main would tap off the existing 8-inch main and enter the MBCH at the floor level in the basement of

Office Room B02. The 6-inch main would then be routed into the Furnace Room (B05) to connect to the applicable valve assembly to serve all sprinklers within the building.

E. The new 6-inch fire service main is required to be metered by DC Water. As a result, a double detector check backflow preventer (includes meter) is required. Refer of Sections XII.B & XIII for a discussion on the options for the location of the double detector check backflow preventer.

IX. Hydrant Water Flow Test

A. A meeting with DC Water was conducted on February 12, 2014 to discuss the project as it relates to a need for a fire service to support the proposed fire suppression system in the building. In addition, a request was made to DC Water to perform a hydrant water flow test in the immediate vicinity of the building in order to determine the hydraulic requirements for the proposed fire suppression system.

B. DC Water performed the hydrant water flow test on February 19, 2014. The results indicated:

Static Pressure: 57 psig

Residual Pressure: 29 psig

Flow: 2,040 gpm

Refer to Appendix A for the results of the hydrant water flow test conducted on February 19, 2014, a site plan of the hydrants which were flowed & tested and a site plan indicating the existing water main DC Water designated as the one to tap for the new fire service main to serve the MBCH.

C. PE Group evaluated the hydrant water flow test conducted on February 19, 2014 and compared it to the hydrant water flow test requested and conducted on April 20, 2010 for the pre-design project related to the MBCH project. The April 20, 2010 hydrant water flow test results indicated:

Static Pressure: 65 psig

Residual Pressure: 60 psig

Flow: 2,056 gpm

Refer to Appendix B for the results of the hydrant water flow test conducted on April 20, 2010 and a site plan of the hydrants which were flowed & tested.

D. In PE Group’s opinion the results between the February 19, 2014 and April 10, 2010 hydrant flow test indicate significant discrepancies and inconsistencies. Michael Omosun, civil design engineer with DC Water, was contacted by both email and phone on February 25, 2014 to discuss PE Group’s analysis and concern.

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1. PE Group indicated a concern with the significant difference of pressure loss between the April

10, 2010 test (5 psi) compared to the February 19, 2014 test (28 psi). Many factors such as a partially closed valve, collapsed water main, excessive water demand elsewhere on the system, etc., could result in the pressure differences being observed between the two tests. The February

19, 2014 test data contains worse hydraulic data compared to the April 10, 2010 test data.

2. PE Group specifically inquired if there were any other significant water demands during the

February 19, 2014 and recommended the test be redone to verify the results.

3. Michael Omosun responded by email to indicate he was not in a position to provide the cause of the changes between 2010 and 2014 and that he would forward PE Group’s concern to

Department of Water Services.

4. PE Group responded for a request for the contact information for the Department of Water

Services in order to facilitate discussion on this issue. Michael Omosun responded that the information was already sent to the Department of Water Services and that he would provide us the response.

5. On March 5, 2014 Michael Omosun responded by email that based on his communication with

Department of Water Services (DWS), the data as shown on the report from February 19, 2014 were good. DWS said all areas and conditions pertaining to the test were reviewed and nothing was found to be out of the ordinary. Michael Osomun offered PE group to call his customer service section at either (202) 612-3500 or (202) 354-3600 and ask to speak with Department of

Water Services, Fire Hydrant Testing Section. As of April 3, 2014 messages left at either number have gone unanswered.

X. Preliminary Hydraulic Analysis

A. Based on a preliminary hydraulic analysis for the MBCH the sprinkler demand is 351 gpm at 49 psi.

The municipal water supply, based on hydrant water flow test from February 19, 2014, indicates that

351 gpm can be provided at 56 psi. As a result there is a safety factor of approximately 7 psi. It is important to note this preliminary analysis assumed a 6-inch double detector check backflow preventer, a 4-inch sprinkler zone control valve assembly and a 3-inch vertical riser in the building.

B. As the fire suppression system design progresses a more detailed computer generated hydraulic analysis will be performed in order to determine the hydraulic demand based on actual pipe sizes proposed throughout the building.

XI. Fire Department Connection (FDC)

A. A two-way FDC is required for the building in order for the fire department to supplement the water supply to the fire suppression system in the event of a fire. Two types of FDCs are available for use at MBCH; that is a wall mounted FDC or free stranding FDC. Refer to Appendix C for an example of each type of FDC.

B. The FDC is required to be readily apparent from the street where the fire department is arriving. As a result the location of the FDC for MBCH is limited to the front of the building. In addition, a 3 foot clear access around the FDC is required in order to facilitate the connection of hoses.

C. Three potential options exist for the FDC at the MBCH.

1. Option 1 – Wall mount on the front of the building.

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2. Option 2 – Free standing adjacent to the front of the building.

3. Option 3 – Free standing above an underground vault in the front yard. Refer to Section XIII for further discussion on the vault.

It is important to note that information from the HSR indicates that the front yard landscaping is considered non-contributing. The only parts of the front yard considered contributing are the front walk, wrought iron fence and front stoop.

D. Option 1 – As seen in Figure 5 the location of a wall mount FDC would be limited to the west side of the MBCH entrance stairs. There is a gate with a stairwell to the basement level immediately adjacent to the stairs. In order to maintain free egress from the basement and the 3 feet of clearance around the FDC, the wall mount FDC would need to be located below the bay window. As there are windows directly below the bay window the only option for the wall mount FDC is on the brick façade. A measurement of the brick width results in approximately 13-inches available to place the wall mount FDC. As the wall mount FDC requires approximately 15-inches of width it does not appear to be a feasible location for a wall mount FDC.

Figure 5 – Front Yard of MCBH

E. Option 2 – An option for a free standing FDC would be adjacent to the building below the bay window. FDCs are required to contain a check valve on the piping, partly in order to prevent freezing of water at the FDC after testing and usage; that is the portion of piping between the FDC and check valve would be dry and not under water pressure. As such the check valve would be located in the building. To facilitate the installation of the free standing FDC and drainage of water out the FDC and pipe segment the free standing FDC is recommended to be located in close proximity of the

P09PC60802 Task 24 Page 11 of 40 building and where the check valve would be located. Refer to Figure 6 for the location of the proposed free standing FDC.

Figure 6 – Option 2 Free Standing FDC Location

F. Option 3 – An option for a free standing FDC would be directly above an underground vault being provided to contain the double detector check backflow preventer. In this option the free standing

FDC would not be located in close proximity to the building and would be located more in the center of the yard. The piping network for the free standing FDC would be arranged such that the check valve for the FDC would be provided within the underground vault. Based on preliminary conversations during the kick off meeting for the current project this was not a preferred alternative.

G. Fire Hydrant Location

1. The nearest fire hydrant location is located approximately 200 feet away from MBCH.

Typically this distance between a building’s fire department connection and the nearest fire hydrant is limited to 100 feet for standard operating procedures by DC Fire. Refer to Section

XIII for additional information.

XII. Fire Suppression Design Approach & Architectural Considerations

A. With the exception of the first floor entry foyer, the basement level rear porch and the attic spaces all areas of the building are considered to remain above 40 degrees Fahrenheit.

B. Basement Level

1. Since the basement level is not considered architecturally sensitive the fire suppression design approach involves the basement containing exposed sprinkler pipe throughout. This means that none of the sprinkler pipe will be concealed above the ceiling or in soffits. The type of sprinklers that will be provided will consist of both upright and pendent type sprinklers. Refer to

Figure 7 for a representation of these types of sprinklers.

Free standing FDC location

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Figure 7 – Basement Level – Pendent and Upright Sprinkler

2. The 6-inch fire service is proposed to enter the building at the floor level of Office B02. This service would then travel exposed across the ceiling and into Furnace Room B05. Refer to

Figure 8 for a representation where the incoming service would enter the building.

Figure 8 – Basement Level – Location of the Incoming Fire Service & Location of the Sprinkler

Valve Assemblies

3. Once in Furnace Room B05 the fire service is proposed to enter the DC Water required double detector check backflow preventer. It is important to note that this arrangement does not necessitate an exterior underground vault for the building. In addition to the double detector check backflow preventer, the main valve assembly serving all sprinklers within the building will also be located in Furnace Room B05. These valve assemblies will be hard piped to discharge at a safe point outside the building or at a location approved by the NPS AHJ. All sprinkler valve assemblies are being proposed to be located in the southeast corner of Furnace

Room B05. This will require all existing storage items within this area to be removed. Refer to

Figures 9-11 for additional information.

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Figure 9 – Basement Level Furnace Room – Southeast Corner – Storage Requiring Removal/Relocation

Figure 10 – Basement Level Furnace Room – Southeast Corner – Storage Requiring Removal/Relocation

Proposed location of sprinkler valve assemblies

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Figure 11 – Basement Level Furnace Room – Southeast Corner – Proposed Double Detector Check

Backflow Preventer & Main Sprinkler Valve Assembly

C. First Floor

1. With the exception of the Bookstore 104 the first floor is considered architecturally sensitive.

The sprinkler design approach for the majority of the floor involves providing concealed pendent type sprinklers. The cover plate of the sprinkler will be factory painted white to blend in with the ceiling. Refer to Figure 12. All the sprinkler pipe serving the concealed pendent sprinklers will be concealed above the ceiling. This will require ceilings in some locations to be disturbed and repaired in order to route the sprinkler pipe above the ceiling. It is important to note that the design intent is for none of the shoe molding to be disturbed. Refer to Figure 13. In addition, the design intent is for all sprinkler pipe to be routed parallel to the ceiling joist so as to avoid having to make any penetrations through the joists.

Figure 12 – First Thru Third Floors – Concealed Pendent Sprinkler

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Figure 13 – First Floor – Example of Shoe Molding Which Won’t be Disturbed

2. Display Room #1 (Room 102) – The concealed pendent sprinklers in this room will be connected from sprinkler pipe routed parallel between the 10-inch deep ceiling joists running north to south spaced 16-inches on center. It is important to note that the ceiling joists are attached to the gypsum ceiling for this room making it impossible to route any sprinkler pipe under the joist east to west. The feeds for these sprinklers will be served from the second floor perimeter closets.

3. Hallway 101 – The concealed pendent sprinklers in this room will be served from the sprinkler pipe in Display Room #1 (Room 102).

4. Entry Foyer – Since this area is not considered to remain above 40 degrees Fahrenheit throughout the year a dry type concealed pendent sprinkler will be provided. Refer to Figure 14.

This sprinkler will be served from the sprinkler pipe in Display Room #1 (Room 102).

Figure 14 – First Floor Entrance Foyer – Dry Concealed Pendent Sprinkler

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5. Display Room #2 (Room 103) – This room will be provided with both concealed pendent sprinklers and concealed sidewall sprinklers. The concealed pendent sprinklers will be connected from sprinkler pipe routed parallel between the 10-inch ceiling joists running north to south spaced 16-inches on center. It is important to note that the ceiling joists are attached to the gypsum ceiling for this room making it impossible to route any sprinkler pipe under the joist east to west. The feed for these sprinklers will be served from the second floor restroom. The concealed sidewall sprinklers will be located above the door to the stairwell as well as the door above the bookstore. Refer to Figure 15.

Figure 15 – First Floor Display Room #2 – Concealed Sidewall Sprinkler

6. Bookstore 104 – This room is not considered architecturally sensitive but will be provided with concealed pendent sprinklers. The gypsum ceiling in lower in this room allowing flexibility in routing sprinkler pipe above the ceiling. The northeast corner of the room is the proposed location where the 3-inch sprinkler riser for the building is proposed. Refer to Figure 16. This will require modification to some of the existing shelving in the corner of the room. The proposed riser can be boxed in a soffit in order to conceal the riser.

Figure 16 – First Floor Bookstore 104 – Northeast Corner Proposed for 3-inch Sprinkler Riser

Proposed location of 3-inch sprinkler riser

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7. First Floor Stair 105 (back stairwell) – In order to minimize disturbances to finishes and having any exposed sprinkler pipe in Display Room #2 it is proposed that the concealed sidewall sprinkler located in Display Room #2 above the door to Stair 105 be served from sprinkler pipe in Stair 105.

The building code prohibits the passing of any utilities, including sprinkler pipe, through stairwells which are not serving the stair. In this instance the sprinkler pipe which would be connecting the concealed sidewall sprinkler from Bookstore 104 through Stair 105 to get to

Display Room #2. We recommend asking for an exception from the NPS AHJ to allow the passing of sprinkler pipe in this instance in order to minimize disturbance to the finishes in

Display Room #2. The sprinkler pipe penetrations in Stair 105 would be specified to be firestopped.

It is important to note that any sprinkler pipe in the back staircase would be exposed and not concealed.

8. Rear Porch – The underside of the rear porch is required to be provided with sprinkler protection. Refer to Figure 17. The current design approach for providing sprinkler protection is to use two dry sidewall sprinklers in order to avoid having to provide a small dry pipe sprinkler system. Figure 18 depicts the location where a dry sidewall sprinkler would need to penetration from Stair 105 to the exterior of the building. It is important to note again the sprinkler pipe in the stairwell would require an exception from the NPS AHJ and this sprinkler pipe would be exposed. The second dry sidewall sprinkler would penetrate to the exterior above the ceiling in

Bookstore 104. Figure 19 represents the exterior dry sidewall sprinkler.

Figure 17 – Rear Porch – Requires Sprinkler Protection

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Figure 18 – First Floor Stair 105 – Location where Dry Sidewall Sprinkler Penetrates to Exterior of

Building

Figure 19 – First Floor Rear Porch – Dry Sidewall Sprinkler

D. Second Floor

1. With the exception of the Office 206 the second floor is considered architecturally sensitive.

The sprinkler design approach for the majority of the floor involves providing concealed pendent type sprinklers. The cover plate of the sprinkler will be factory painted white to blend in with the ceiling. Refer to Figure 12. All the sprinkler pipe serving the concealed pendent sprinklers will be concealed above the ceiling. This will require ceilings in some locations to be

Location of dry sidewall sprinkler penetration to exterior of building

P09PC60802 Task 24 Page 19 of 40 disturbed and repaired in order to route the sprinkler pipe above the ceiling. In addition, the design intent is for all sprinkler pipe to be routed parallel to the ceiling joist so as to avoid having to make any penetrations through the joists.

2. One interesting aspect of the second floor is that the ceiling height, including joist, change between the interface between Room 202 and Room 203. Refer to Appendix E. As a result of this elevation change it is impossible to route pipe concealed above the ceiling from Room 202 to Room 203. Therefore a different piping scheme has been proposed in order to meet the project goal of minimizing exposed sprinkler pipe in the architecturally sensitive areas.

3. Display Room #1 (Room 201) – The gypsum ceiling height in this room is approximately 9’-

10”. The ceiling structure consists of 9-inch deep joists spaced 16-inches on center. There is approximately 1’-3” of space between the bottom of the joist and the gypsum ceiling. Refer to

Appendix E. As a result there is flexibility in routing the sprinkler pipe east to west in Room

201. Concealed pendent sprinklers will be provided in this room.

4. Closet 201B will be used for the purpose of a sprinkler riser connecting the third floor down to the first floor. This riser will serve the sprinklers in Room 201 and some of the sprinkler in

Room 102 & Hallway 101. It is important to note that a small portion of the closet shelving

(approximately 6 inches wide) from floor to ceiling will require modification and removal to allow for the sprinkler riser. Refer to Figure 20. In addition, a sprinkler will be provided in this closet.

Figure 20 – Second & Third Floor Closet – Shelving that will Require Modification to Accommodate

Sprinkler Riser

5. Closet 201A will be used for the purpose of a sprinkler riser connecting the second floor to the first floor. This riser will serve the some of the sprinkler in Room 102 and the sprinkler in the main entrance foyer. It is important to note that a small portion of the closet shelving

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(approximately 6 inches wide) from floor to ceiling will require modification and removal to allow for the sprinkler riser. In addition, a sprinkler will be provided in this closet.

6. Display Room #2 (Room 202) – The gypsum ceiling height in this room is approximately 9’-

10”. The ceiling structure consists of 9-inch deep joists spaced 16-inches on center. There is approximately 1’-3” of space between the bottom of the joist and the gypsum ceiling. Refer to

Appendix E. As a result there is flexibility in routing the sprinkler pipe east to west in Room

202. Concealed pendent sprinklers will be provided in this room.

7. Closet 202A will be used for the purpose of a sprinkler riser connecting the third floor down to the first floor. This riser will serve the sprinklers in Room 202 and some of the sprinkler in

Room 102 & Hallway 101. It is important to note that a small portion of the closet shelving

8. Closet 202B will be used for the purpose of a sprinkler riser connecting the second floor to the first floor. This riser will serve the some of the sprinkler in Room 102 & Hallway 101. It is important to note that a small portion of the closet shelving (approximately 6 inches wide) from floor to ceiling will require modification and removal to allow for the sprinkler riser. In addition, a sprinkler will be provided in this closet.

9. Hall 200 will be provided with concealed sidewall sprinklers which will be served from sprinkler pipe in Room 202.

10. Bathroom 203 will be used for the purpose of a sprinkler riser connecting the third floor down to the first floor. This riser will serve the sprinklers in Room 203 and some of the sprinkler in

Room 103. It is important to note that this riser will be located concealed behind the chase/wall in the northeast corner of the room. Refer to Figure 21.

Figure 21 – Second Floor Bathroom 203 – Vertical Sprinkler Riser Proposed within/Adjacent to Existing

Chase

Vertical riser concealed within or adjacent to existing chase

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11. Display Room #3 (Room 204) – This room will be provided with both concealed sidewall sprinklers. The gypsum ceiling height in this room is approximately 9’-5” and attached directly to the ceiling joists. The ceiling structure consists of 9-inch deep joists spaced 16-inches on center. As the ceiling joists are attached to the gypsum ceiling it is impossible to route any sprinkler pipe under the joists east to west. The feed for these sprinklers will be served from the third floor Room 306. Three separate feeds (risers) will be provided within the interior partition walls of Ro0m 204.

12. Office 206 – This room is not considered architecturally sensitive. As the room contains a plaster ceiling attached directly to the ceiling joists there is not an opportunity to route the sprinkler pipe concealed above the ceiling east to west. As a result it is recommended this room be provided with an exposed 1-inch pipe along the north wall with an exposed sidewall sprinkler. The northeast corner of the room is the proposed location where the 3-inch sprinkler riser for the building is proposed. The proposed riser can be boxed in a soffit in order to conceal the riser.

E. Third Floor

1. The third floor is considered architecturally sensitive. The sprinkler design approach for this floor involves providing concealed pendent type and sidewall sprinklers. The cover plate of the concealed pendent sprinklers will be factory painted white to blend in with the ceiling. Refer to

Figure 12 for a representation of this type of sprinkler. With the exception of Rooms 302, 303 and 305 (where there is a lay-in tile acoustical ceiling) the sprinkler pipe cannot be routed concealed above the ceiling as it would then be located in the attic space where temperatures can fall below 40 degrees Fahrenheit.

2. Office #5 Room 308 – As the gypsum ceiling is attached directly to the bottom of the ceiling joists exposed sprinkler piping is proposed for this room. This pipe would be routed along the north and west walls. A single sidewall sprinkler would be provided to provide sprinkler protection in the room.

3. Stair 307 – Sprinkler protection is required at the top of the stairwell landing. Sprinkler pipe is proposed to pass through this stairwell along the west wall from Room 308 to Room 306.

Similar to the discussion on the other stair landings an exception from the NPS AHJ to allow the passing of sprinkler pipe through the stairwell is recommended.

4. Room 306 – As the gypsum ceiling is attached directly to the bottom of the ceiling joists exposed sprinkler piping is proposed for this room; that is sprinkler pipe can’t be provided above the gypsum ceiling without being exposed to temperatures below 40 degrees Fahrenheit.

The sprinkler pipe would be provided along the south and west walls.

This piping could remain exposed or there are options for concealing it. Concealing the sprinkler pipe could be accomplished by providing a soffit along the south and west walls or creating a lay-in acoustical tile ceiling at a height of approximately 8’-6” above the finished floor.

With the soffit system or with exposed piping sidewall type sprinklers would be provided in this room. With a drop ceiling, concealed pendent type sprinkler would be provided.

In order to serve sprinklers in Room 204 vertical risers need to be provided from Room 306 down to Room 204. This means that in Room 306 three vertical risers along the west wall are needed. These risers would be channeled into the wall for concealment.

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5. Bathroom 305 – A concealed pendent type sprinkler would be provided with the sprinkler pipe being routed above the acoustical ceiling tile from Room 305 to Room 306.

It is important to note that it was observed that the gypsum ceiling above the lay-in acoustical tile ceiling contained a hole approximately 2.5’ by 2.5’. Refer to Figure 22.

Figure 22 – Third Floor Bathroom 305 – Hole in Gypsum Ceiling Above Acoustical Ceiling Exposing

Attic

This hole directly exposes the attic to the ceiling space in Room 305; that is if there is sprinkler pipe being routed concealed above the acoustical ceiling tile it could potentially be exposed to temperatures less than 40 degrees Fahrenheit. As a result, it is recommend during the course of the sprinkler installation the contractor also be responsible for patching/repairing this hole.

6. Hallway 300 – In order to serve sprinklers in Rooms 301, 302 & 303 a sprinkler feed main is recommended along the south wall which will connect Room 301 to Room 306. This segment of pipe could be exposed or a soffit provided to conceal it. Hallway 300 would be protected by a combination of sidewall sprinklers and/or concealed pendent type sprinklers if the sprinkler pipe along the south wall is provided within a soffit.

7. Office # 1 (Room 301) – Sprinkler protection provided in this room will consist of both concealed pendent type and sidewall sprinklers. There is an existing soffit concealing ductwork.

Refer to Figure 23. In order to conceal sprinkler pipe within this room it is proposed that the existing soffit will lowered and slightly extended to allow sprinkler pipe to be routed from

Hallway 300 to Room 302.

Hole in gypsum ceiling in Room

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Figure 23 – Third Floor Room 301 – Existing Soffit Concealing Ductwork

8. Office #2 (Room 301) & Office #3 (Room 303) – Sprinkler protection provided in this room will consist of concealed pendent type sprinklers. All sprinkler will be concealed above the acoustical ceiling tile.

Similar to Bathroom 305, Room 303 contains a hole approximately 2.5’ by 1.5’ in the gypsum ceiling above the lay-in acoustical tile ceiling. This hole directly exposes the attic to the ceiling space in Room 303; that is if there is sprinkler pipe being routed concealed above the acoustical ceiling tile it could potentially be exposed to temperatures less than 40 degrees Fahrenheit. As a result, it is recommend during the course of the sprinkler installation the contractor also be responsible for patching/repairing this hole.

9. Closet 302A will be used for the purpose of a sprinkler riser connecting the third floor down to the first floor. This riser will serve the sprinklers in Room 201, some of the sprinklers in Room

102 & Hallway 101 and also the sprinkler in the main entrance vestibule. It is important to note that a small portion of the closet shelving (approximately 6 inches wide) from floor to ceiling will require modification and removal to allow for the sprinkler riser. In addition, a sprinkler will be provided in this closet.

10. Closet 303A will be used for the purpose of a sprinkler riser connecting the third floor down to the first floor. This riser will serve the sprinklers in Room 202 and some of the sprinklers in

Room 102 & Hallway 101. It is important to note that a small portion of the closet shelving

F. Attic Level

1. In accordance with NFPA 13 Article 8.15.1.1, the Attic space is required to contain sprinkler protection as it is considered a concealed space with combustible construction. The Attic space is considered non-conditioned; that is temperatures can fall below 40 degrees Fahrenheit.

2. In lieu of providing a dedicated dry pipe sprinkler system, dry upright sprinkler are recommended. Dry upright sprinklers are connected to the wet sprinkler pipe via “dry barrels”.

Refer to Appendix F for representation of a dry upright sprinkler from one of the many

P09PC60802 Task 24 Page 24 of 40 manufacturers. All sprinkler manufactures list the barrels up to 48½ inches in length. However, part of the Attic space, specifically above Office 301, may require a barrel length slightly greater than 48½ inches. Some manufacturers provide barrels up to 61½ inches in length;

however they are not currently Underwriters Laboratories (UL) listed.

3. Based on the predesign in 2010 for this project the NPS AHJ accepted the use of dry upright sprinklers with barrel lengths between 48½ and 61½ inches. This should be confirmed again.

Figure 24 – Attic Space

XIII. Civil

A. Existing Conditions

The property at the front of MBCH consists of a largely grassed area that is enclosed by an existing iron fence. An existing above ground planter is located within the middle of the yard, adjacent to the bay window. The property also consists of an existing concrete walkway that includes two sets of stairs. The concrete walkway eventually connects to the existing brick sidewalk adjacent to the building.

Utilities are located primarily within the front yard area, and include a domestic water line, gas service line and an electrical service line. Refer to Appendix G for the utility designation at the front of the property that was performed on March 18, 2014.

The domestic water line connects to an existing 8-inch water main that runs parallel to Vermont

Avenue (refer to Appendix D). The age of the domestic service line is unknown. The majority of the

8-inch water main runs under the existing brick sidewalk located approximately 30 feet from the building face of the MBCH.

According to the DC Water distribution maps, the closest fire hydrant to the MBCH is located at the corner of Vermont Avenue and N Street. The fire hydrant is located approximately 200 feet from the property.

B. Proposed Work

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A 6-inch fire service is proposed to support a new fire suppression system within the MBCH. The installation of the 6-inch fire service requires by DC Water standards a significant valve assembly

(double detector check backflow preventer) in order to ensure proper functionality. Three design alternatives are discussed below as it relates to the location of the double detector check backflow preventer.

1. Design Alternative 1

Design Alternative 1 includes the 6-inch fire service connection to the existing 8-inch water main in order to provide water service to the fire suppression system.