1_-_LIB_Cap_Spec_2017-06-14_revised_GH.pdf

WESTERN AREA POWER ADMINISTRATION

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Title Page

1. SCOPE AND DESCRIPTION OF WORK

2. EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES PROVIDED BY

WAPA

3. STANDARDS

4. CAPACITOR BANK RATINGS

5. CAPACITOR BANK DESIGN

6. CAPACITORS

7. METAL OXIDE VARISTOR (MOV) PROTECTION SYSTEM

8. TRIGGERED PROTECTIVE DEVICE (IF INCLUDED)

9. BYPASS CIRCUIT BREAKER

10. DISCHARGE CURRENT LIMITING EQUIPMENT

11. PROTECTION, CONTROL, AND ALARMS

12. SERIES CAPACITOR BANK LAYOUT

13. OUTDOOR CONTROL CABINETS

14. INDOOR CONTROL CABINETS

15. NON-CERAMIC INSULATORS

16. TOOLS AND APPLIANCES

Solicitation DE-SOL-0011130 Amendment 003

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Title Page

17. PAINTING

18. SPARE PARTS

19. FACTORY TESTS

20. FIELD TESTS

21. SHIPPING AND HANDLING

22. QUALITY CONTROL

23. TRAINING

24. SYSTEM DATA AND MOV STUDY BY WAPA

25. DRAWING AND DATA REQUIREMENTS

26. PLACE OF DELIVERY

27. ERECTING ENGINEERING OVERSIGHT OF ASSEMBLY

28. LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 - Liberty 345-kV Substation Switching Diagram Figure 2 - Liberty 345-kV Substation Series Capacitor Area Figure 3 - Liberty 345-kV Substation Schematic Diagram of Series Capacitor

Bank Figure 4 - Liberty-Peacock simplified Impedance Diagram Figure 5 - Swing Current Curve for the Liberty-Peacock Line Figure 6 - Enclosed Relay Switchboard

1. SCOPE AND DESCRIPTION OF WORK

This specification covers furnishing and delivering one bank of 345-kV, 60 Hz, outdoor, three-phase series capacitors and associated metal oxide varistors (MOV) protective equipment that are manufactured under strict quality control using the highest quality of materials and workmanship. The equipment shall be designed and manufactured to provide reliable operation. The equipment shall be furnished complete with capacitors and racks, protection and control devices, bypass protective system, auxiliary equipment, supporting platforms, and porcelain-type support insulators. Additional details are given in Section 1.1

The term “bank” shall refer to the actual three-phase series capacitors and associated equipment.

The series capacitor bank described in this specification replaces an existing 345-kV series capacitor bank at this substation which is rated 50.8 ohms impedance and 850 amperes continuous. The new bank will be rated 50.8 ohms and 850 amperes continuous. The support platforms shall be sized for a bank rated 50.8 ohms and 1,004 amperes continuous.

The work to be performed shall include, but not be limited to the following:

Design and Engineering: Perform all studies, analysis, calculations, physical layout of the series capacitor bank, prepare equipment specifications, provide one-line diagrams for the protection and control, prepare equipment list and complete schedule for equipment delivery, testing, and commissioning.

Furnish material and equipment: Provide design engineering, shop labor, materials/equipment, factory testing, and delivery to jobsite. The bank shall be delivered to Western Area Power Administration’s (WAPA) Liberty Substation, approximately 24 miles west of Phoenix, AZ in Maricopa County.

1.1 Substation work:

The Contractor shall furnish, unload and inventory all of the equipment at Liberty Substation for installation by WAPA. Following WAPA installation, the Contractor shall perform final connections, testing, and commissioning of the complete three-phase series capacitor bank.

1.2 Erecting engineering oversight of assembly:

The Contractor shall provide erecting engineering services for on-site supervision of equipment assembly and installation at Liberty Substation.

Erecting engineering oversight of assembly shall include all costs associated with the work and travel identified in Section 27.

1.3 The following drawings are included in this specification:

Figure 1 - Liberty 345-kV Station Switching Diagram Figure 2 - Liberty 345-kV Station Series Capacitor Area Figure 3 - Liberty Substation Schematic Diagram of 345-kV Series Capacitor Bank Figure 4 - Liberty-Peacock simplified Impedance Diagram Figure 5 - Swing Current Curve for the Liberty-Peacock Line Figure 6 - Enclosed Relay Switchboard

2. EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES PROVIDED BY WAPA

The following items are WAPA’s responsibility and are not included in the specification:

A. Site preparation including rough grading and final elevations.

B. Design and installation of foundations and anchor bolts for securing the capacitor bank structures and ground mounted outdoor cabinets (if any). The Contractor, however, shall furnish data stating the location, number, type, and size of bolts required. The Contractor shall also provide load data at the bottom of columns and bypass breaker for the design of foundations.

C. Protective fencing around the bank.

D. External bypass disconnect switches, external isolating disconnect switches, external grounding switch, and associated controls. Controls for external bypass breaker will be coordinated with controls for motor-operated switches.

E. Grounding system of the substation at ground level, and ground grid ties for connection.

F. Overhead lightning protection.

G. Supply of ground level auxiliary power (480 volts, three-phase AC, 240/120 volts, single-phase AC, and 125 volts DC) and outdoor lighting.

H. Overhead high-voltage conductors, ground mounted bus supports with insulators, and terminal connectors for connecting to National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) standard pads furnished with the capacitor bank. Connections for the incoming and outgoing 345-kV line voltage will be on the same side of the capacitor bank platforms. WAPA will be utilizing four-hole NEMA pads for connecting to the series capacitor bank.

I. Control building (as shown in substation plan) for housing any indoor ground level control panels.

J. Conduit and/or cable trench from the base of the platform and the internal bypass breaker to the control room for control cable and fiber optic cable.

Conduit for external bypass breaker will also be provided by WAPA.

K. Shielded No. 10 AWG copper 12-conductor and/or 5-conductor control cables between main control cabinet of internal bypass breaker and control building.

Shielded No. 10 AWG copper 12-conductor and/or 5-conductor control cables for external bypass breaker will also be provided by WAPA.

L. Laydown area for Contractor’s use during construction.

M. Suitable outdoor storage areas within the substation fenced area for capacitor bank materials and equipment from delivery until installation.

N. Suitable indoor storage areas within the substation control building or other locations for spare parts and capacitor bank control equipment which must be stored in climate-controlled environments.

3. STANDARDS

The series capacitor bank herein specified, unless otherwise specifically stated in these specifications, shall be designed, manufactured, and tested in accordance with the latest applicable American National standards Institute (ANSI), IEEE, International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), and NEMA standards. These standards include but are not limited to the following (the application of IEC standards are limited to those listed here, unless specifically authorized by WAPA:

ANSI, IEEE and IEC Standards

C29.2B Wet-Process Porcelain and Toughened Glass Insulators

(Suspension Type)

C29.9 Wet-Process Porcelain Insulators (Apparatus, Post Type)

C37.04 Rating Structures for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers

ANSI/IEEE

C37.09

Standard Test Procedures for AC High-Voltage Circuit Breakers Rated on a Symmetrical Current Basis

ANSI/IEEE

C37.90

Relays and Relay Systems Associated With Electric Power Apparatus

ANSI/IEEE

Std. 18

Shunt Power Capacitors

IEEE

Std. 824

Series Capacitors in Power Systems

C57.13 Requirements for Instrument Transformers

C57.16

Standard for Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for Dry-Type, Air-Core, Series Connected Reactors

C57.19 Standard General Requirements and Test Procedures for Outdoor Power Apparatus Bushings

C62.11 Metal-Oxide Surge Arresters for AC Power Circuits

IEEE C-2 NESC – “Clearance from Live Parts” (Table 124-1, page 101)

IEC 60595 Internal Fuses for Series Capacitors

NEMA Standards

SG 4 Alternating-Current High-Voltage Circuit Breakers

In the event of contradiction between the requirements of the above standards and the provisions of these specifications, the provisions of these specifications shall take precedence.

4. CAPACITOR BANK RATINGS

Except as specifically noted, the series capacitor bank shall have the ratings and duties and shall be designed for satisfactory performance under the conditions listed below:

A. Maximum system line-to-line voltage (kV):

30-cycle 397 30-minute 380 Continuous 362* Frequency, Hz 60

* Continuous voltage 362-kV is on bus side of the series capacitor bank. The line side of the bank can be higher due to the current flowing in the capacitor bank.

B. Insulation, phase to ground:

Basic impulse insulation level (BIL) Crest (kV):

(1.2 x 50-microsecond wave) 1,300

Wet switching surge withstand level (kV) Crest:

(175 x 3,200-microsecond wave) 900

One-minute dry low-frequency (60 HZ) withstand level (kV)

RMS: 680

Creepage distance to ground, inches, minimum: 288

C. Minimum phase-to-phase distance (metal to metal), feet: 22

D. Rated impedance per phase (ohms) each bank: 50.8

E. Number of switching steps and rating in ohms: One, 50.8

F. Continuous current (amperes): 850

G. 30-minute current rating (amperes): 1150

H. Maximum swing current (amps): See the swing current curve Fig. 5

I. Short-circuit current at Liberty, with capacitor bank bypassed, for a three-phase fault at line side of series capacitor bank, amperes, RMS, symmetrical: 13,400

J. Mvar bank rating per three phases at rated continuous current: 110.1

K. Total harmonic current distortion (maximum percent of fundamental): 5.0

M. Number of high-speed, three-phase reclosures: Zero

N. Number of single-pole reclosures: Zero

O. Ambient Temperatures:

Maximum: .................................................................................+55ºC

Maximum 24-Hour Average: ....................................................+45ºC

Minimum: .................................................................................-20ºC

P. Elevation (feet): 950

Q. Wind Load Withstand Capability: * ASCE-7

Minimum Basic Wind Speed: ...................................................90 mph

Importance Factor: 1.15

R. Seismic Qualification Requirement: * IEEE Standard Requirement 693

Performance Level: ................................................................Moderate

*Wind and seismic loads are to be considered as occurring non-simultaneously. Refer to Section 25 Table A, Drawings and Data Requirements, for complete seismic requirements for this equipment.

5. CAPACITOR BANK DESIGN

5.1 General

The voltage and kilovar rating of capacitor units, fusing, and bank protective scheme shall be the responsibility of the Contractor within the limits and requirements as specified. Metal-oxide varistors (MOV) shall be connected in parallel with the series capacitor bank as required to limit the voltage across the series capacitors during line overload, power swings, and line faults.

The series capacitor bank shall be 60 Hz, outdoor equipment including a protective system using MOV, triggered protective device (if included), a bypass switch (breaker), an external bypass breaker, a capacitor discharge damping reactor, instrument transformers, protective relaying, control and annunciation, platform to ground signal transmission system, ground level control and relay panels, and all necessary connections between various components within the bank.

The bank shall utilize open rack construction, be self-cooled, and suitable for continuous operation under the specified conditions.

The Contractor is responsible for determining the design within the limits and requirements as specified. Designs may rely only on MOV for capacitor bank protection or use a triggered protective device along with MOV.

5.2 Protective Bypass System

The capacitor bank shall be furnished with an automatic protective system to protect capacitor units from system overload, over current, over voltage, and other abnormal system conditions. The protective system shall include MOV protection, a triggered protective device (if included), a bypass circuit breaker, and an external bypass circuit breaker. The capacitor bank design should permit a 10-percent increase in voltage across the capacitors due to blown capacitor unit fuses or failed units without automatic bypass of the bank.

5.3 Reactance Tolerances

The following reactance tolerances shall not be exceeded:

A. Maximum deviation of any phase reactance from the specified value: ±2 ½ percent.

B. Maximum deviation of any phase reactance from the average reactance of all three phases: ±1 ½ percent.

5.4 Radio Influence Voltage (RIV) Level

The capacitor bank RIV levels, when the capacitor is installed in its permanent location and under fair weather conditions, shall not exceed the ambient level by more than 15 micro volts per half meter measured at a point 20 meters from the outermost energized part. The ambient RIV level shall be that level immediately prior to energizing the capacitor bank and shall include all radiated noise from the associated transmission lines, structures, and nearby equipment. All parts of the capacitor bank shall be designed so that when the final installation is viewed in complete darkness, there shall be no visible corona when energized at the maximum system voltage.

RIV field tests, if conducted will be performed by WAPA.

5.5 Audible Noise Level

The Audible Noise (AN) level produced by the capacitor bank at the substation property fence line shall either not exceed 65 decibels (dB) or shall not increase the ambient AN level, whichever is lower. The ambient AN level shall be established by measurement at the property fence line immediately before energizing the series capacitor bank.

AN field tests, if conducted, will be made by the WAPA.

6. CAPACITORS

6.1 Capacitor Units

Capacitor units shall be designed, manufactured, and tested in accordance with the applicable ANSI, IEEE, and NEMA standards unless otherwise stated herein.

The capacitor units shall be of all-film, low loss design. The case shall be hermetically sealed stainless steel suitable for outdoor service. The insulating liquid shall be the manufacturer’s standard recommended type except that polychlorinated biphenyls or mineral oil dielectrics are not acceptable. The Contractor shall submit a Safety Data Sheet in conformance with OSHA hazard communication requirements on the dielectric fluid used.

Capacitor units supplied within this specification shall be of “fuseless design”.

Externally fused capacitor units may be considered if there are sufficient advantages over fuseless design. “Internally fused” units are not acceptable.

Each capacitor unit shall be provided with an internal discharge resistor which will reduce the residual voltage to 50 volts or less, within 5 minutes after the capacitor is de-energized.

Each capacitor unit shall be provided with a stainless steel or aluminum nameplate. The nameplate information shall not be less than that required by IEEE Standard 824. All units shall have the same voltage, kilovars, and current rating shown on the nameplate.

Each capacitor for external fused design shall have one bushing and one terminal connected to the case and a means to bond the terminal and case to the support structure. Capacitors for fuseless design may have two bushings.

See also Section 6.2.

The capacitor units shall be designed to limit the internal temperature rise to a value that will not shorten the life of the capacitor unit.

6.1.2 Capacitor Unit Ratings

A. Voltage and kvar ratings: The kvar and voltage ratings of the individual capacitor units shall be determined by the Contractor. It is expected that the kvar and voltage ratings will enable WAPA to obtain readily available replacements for failed units.

The design should consider the handling (removal and replacement) of capacitor units on the platform. If a capacitor unit weight exceeds 50 lbs., the Contractor shall provide an apparatus to facilitate changing of the capacitor units on the rack and lowering it to the ground by one person.

B. The units shall be capable of continuous operation at 110 percent of rated voltage and capable of withstanding short-time over-voltages in accordance with IEEE 824, Figure A.1 “Short-time Power Frequency Capability”, and as specified in section 6.5.

C. Frequency: 60 Hz

D. Reactance Tolerance Per Unit: ± 5 percent maximum

E. Bushings:

Minimum BIL: As required by capacitor unit voltage rating, but not less than 95kV.

Minimum Creep: Electrical characteristics shall meet wet and dry impulse voltage withstand values required by industry standards and shall also provide maximum creepage distances associated with the particular voltage class selected.

Color shall be ANSI standard Z55.1, No 70, light gray.

F. Dielectric losses: Maximum 0.15 watts per kvar at 25ºC

6.2 Ground Lead

The ground lead shall be designed to permit removal of any one capacitor unit from the rack without disconnecting the ground lead from the other units in the rack.

6.3 Spare Capacitor Units

The spare capacitor units shall have absolute calculated capacitance ratings that will enable the installation of the spare units in any capacitor group or segment without exceeding the limits of the reactance tolerances specified in Section 5.3.

6.4 Tests

The following production and design tests as specified in ANSI/IEEE Standard 18 shall be performed on the capacitors designed for this series capacitor bank installation.

A. Production Tests

• Short time over voltage test (see note below)

• Capacitance test

• Leak test

• Discharge resistor test

• Loss Determination test

B. Design Tests

• Dielectric withstand test (see note below)

• Impulse withstand test

• Bushing test

• Thermal stability test

• Radio influence voltage test

• Voltage decay test

Note: The short term over voltage test and dielectric withstand tests shall be conducted by applying a direct current voltage of 4.3 times the rated voltage rms, where applicable. Testing should be in accordance with IEEE Standard 824.

C. Partial Discharge Voltage Extinction Test

The partial discharge voltage extinction test shall be performed precisely as specified.

Three capacitor units shall be selected at random. These units shall be given no special treatment other than that accorded all units being furnished. Each of these units shall be subjected to a voltage no less than the protective level for 0.25 seconds (15 cycles). The voltage shall then be lowered and the extinction voltage shall be recorded. The extinction voltage shall not be less than 1.43 times rated capacitor voltage. Each of these units shall be tested at a case and internal temperature of -10, 5, and 45º C. The average partial discharge extinction voltage at each temperature shall be determined and a curve prepared representing partial discharge extinction voltage versus case and internal temperature. All measurements shall be included in a test report.

6.5 Capacitor Unit Failure Protection

Three stages of capacitor bank alarm due to capacitor unit element failure shall be provided.

The first stage shall generate an alarm, and the capacitor bank shall continue in service. It shall be assumed that the bank will be continued in service under this condition for a minimum of two weeks prior to maintenance.

The second stage shall generate a separate alarm and a delayed trip signal which will bypass the bank after two hours. Under this condition, the capacitor bank shall be capable of operating safely, including the 30 minute current rating given in Section 4. G.

The third stage shall cause an immediate bypass of the bank.

An indication shall be provided in the control building to identify the phase and segment in which a capacitor unit failure situation exists requiring unit replacement.

Test equipment shall be provided such that capacitor units needing replacement can be identified within a series capacitor bank phase without removing any capacitor connections.

6.6 External Unit Fuses (only applies if used in place of fuseless capacitors)

The fuse shall be capable of removing a faulted capacitor unit from service without damage or disturbance to any other capacitor unit or fuse.

There shall be a sufficient number of capacitor units in each series-parallel group such that the loss of any one capacitor unit, due to a blown fuse, will not cause the voltage across the remaining capacitor units in any series-parallel group to exceed 110 percent of rated capacitor unit voltage at rated line current and frequency. Under this condition, the capacitor bank shall be capable of operating safely at the 30-minute current rating given in Section 4.

G.

For externally fused capacitor unit, fuses shall have a continuous current carrying capacity of not less than 135 percent of the rated capacitor current and shall be capable of repeatedly withstanding the discharge currents during switching transients with no significant change in melting characteristics.

The fuse shall be capable of removing a faulted capacitor unit from service without damage or disturbance to any other capacitor unit or fuse.

After a fuse element has blown, there shall not be, regardless of weather conditions, excessive leakage or danger of flashover with full voltage applied between the bus and capacitor unit terminals for an indefinite period.

The fuses shall be bus mounted, and installed so that an observer on the ground can readily detect blown fuses while the capacitor bank is energized.

An indication shall be provided in the control building to identify the phase in which a blown fuse exists.

6.7 Fuseless Unit

The fuseless capacitor bank shall be in accordance with that described in IEEE standard 824, paragraph 6.3.2 and IEEE standard 1036, paragraph 9.2.3, as well as the following requirements.

A. The bank must have a protection scheme that will detect the shorting of an entire series group which is necessary for detecting a failed capacitor unit.

B. Capacitor bushing BIL should be coordinated to be consistent with the design protective level.

C. The arrangement and ratings of series/parallel units shall ensure that when a unit fails it does not cause a voltage rise in excess of 5% across the undamaged elements when applying rated voltage and current to the bank.

6.8 Supporting Racks

The capacitor units shall be assembled on racks at the factory and shall be shipped as a package ready for installation. The assembled racks shall include, in addition to the capacitor units, internal buses, and bus-supporting insulators. The fuse holders may be mounted on the racks but the fuse links shall be shipped separately. Racks shall be marked to ensure installation in modules and phases as required by the reactance tolerances specified in Section 5.3.

The capacitor racks shall be aluminum or galvanized steel. The galvanizing shall be in accordance with ASTM Designations A123 and A153. The racks shall provide sufficient support to withstand the wind and seismic loading requirements listed in Section 5 of these specifications, without impairing operation of the electrical equipment and without resulting in permanent deflection of the supporting racks. The internal buses and bus support insulators shall be designed to withstand, without damage or visual deflection, the maximum forces under fault conditions. The buses shall also be sufficiently supported as to not present any visible deflections under energized and de-energized conditions. The temperature rise of buses and connecting leads shall not exceed a 30º C rise over 45º C ambient under continuous current operation. Insulators shall be in accordance with NEMA C29.9. The bus connections within each capacitor rack and the connections to the capacitor units shall be designed to permit removal of any capacitor unit without disassembly of the rack or disturbance of any other capacitor unit.

6.9 Capacitance Bridge Testing Device

The Contractor shall furnish one capacitance bridge testing device. The testing device shall be lightweight, portable, and suitable for testing the capacitance of any unit in a bank without disconnecting the unit from the bus.

The testing device shall be simple to operate, utilize a non-hazardous test voltage, and provide a direct readout of the capacitance value of the unit being tested. The capacitor unit testing device shall have an accuracy of plus or minus 1 percent. A battery-powered testing device is preferred, but an AC-powered device is acceptable. The unit shall be complete with all accessories, including the power supply to perform the capacitance value test. If not battery-powered, the power supply shall be operated from 120- or 240-volts, single-phase, 60-Hz AC. The capacitance bridge testing device shall be included in the price of Item 0001. A hand held LCR meter of suitable accuracy is acceptable in lieu of a capacitance bridge testing device.

7. METAL OXIDE VARISTOR (MOV) PROTECTION SYSTEM

7.1 Protective Level

A protective level between 2.0 and 2.2 per unit (based on voltage corresponding to the rated current and reactance of the capacitor bank) shall be determined by the Contractor. Protective level is the voltage crest at the maximum half-cycle current.

7.2 MOV Energy Requirement per Phase

Figure 4 shows the simplified Liberty system that shall be used in preparing the design. It is the Contractor’s responsibility to determine the optimum protective level within the requirements specified, and to conduct EMTP or any equivalent transient performance studies as required to determine the appropriate MOV energy rating.

Pre-fault voltage at the Liberty 345-kV bus shall be assumed to be 362 kV with 500 MW power flow at unity power factor in the Liberty-Peacock line.

Section 24 provides the study results conducted by WAPA for protective level of 2.1 per unit. These preliminary results shall be considered representative data since the Contractor’s actual MOV characteristics may differ from the models in these studies.

7.3 Studies after the Contract Award

Within 14 days after acknowledgement of contract award, WAPA will furnish to the Contractor a complete package of system data for use in the detailed studies.

The Contractor shall conduct studies using the detailed system data and the actual MOV characteristics along with triggered protective bypass device characteristics (if included) to verify the amount of MOV energy rating required for the final design.

Within 60 days after acknowledgement of contract award, the Contractor shall provide results of the detailed studies that shall include as a minimum, the following:

A. Protective level of the MOV.

B. Voltage-Current characteristic of the MOV.

C. Energy discharged into the MOV during the most severe external faults

D. Voltage and current waveforms for the capacitor and MOV during the faults.

7.4 Operating Requirements

By defining an internal fault as one which occurs on the Liberty-Peacock 345-kV series compensated line and an external fault as one which occurs outside of the Liberty-Peacock 345-kV series compensated line, the following operating conditions are required for the series capacitor bank:

A. Internal Line Faults

The series capacitor bank and MOV may be bypassed for internal line faults. However, the energy duty of the MOV must be based on the energy accumulation during the time necessary for the capacitor bank protective system to detect the internal fault and bypass the capacitors and MOV.

The normal clearing time is 5 cycles. The back-up fault clearing time is 15 cycles.

Following line de-energization for an internal fault, the line will be manually closed with the series capacitor bank bypassed. The minimum dead time before testing the line will be 15 seconds. In the absence of a permanent fault, the series capacitors will be manually reinserted.

B. External Line Faults

For all external single-line-to-ground faults and multiphase faults, the series capacitor bank shall not be bypassed when cleared within the normal 5-cycle clearing time; however, the MOV may conduct and shall have an energy rating capable of absorbing the energy during external faults that are cleared within the normal 5-cycle clearing time.

The external faults can be followed by the 30-minute overload current and then operation at the bank rated current, as specified in Section 4.

The MOV shall be able to withstand two energy injections one minute apart followed by another in six hours. The magnitude of energy injections shall be based on the values specified in Sections 7.4 A. and 7.4 B. for internal and external faults.

7.5 MOV Design

A. The MOV shall be the primary capacitor over voltage protection.

B. The MOV shall be designed with a thermal capability (energy duty) to dissipate the heat generated by the worst conditions of fault current and time duration for either internal or external fault sequences to which the MOV can be subjected as specified above in Section 7.4.

C. The MOV shall be designed to limit the maximum voltage which can appear across the series capacitor during normal, emergency, and swing current loading conditions to the value listed in Section 7.1.

D. The MOV shall be made up of series-parallel groups of metal-oxide varistor disks (blocks).

E. The varistor blocks shall be housed in porcelain enclosures sealed to eliminate the effects of weather and contaminants on the individual varistors. No maintenance of the enclosures shall be required.

F. Each porcelain enclosure shall be provided with a pressure relief device sufficient to relieve the internal pressure buildup due to a sustained 60- Hz power frequency current discharge and a high frequency discharge of the parallel capacitors, without causing violent rupture of the enclosure.

The pressure relief device shall prevent dispersion of fragments and damage to adjacent equipment should a failure occur. The enclosure shall meet the requirements of ANSI/IEEE C62.11.

G. The MOV shall be capable of handling the specified fault duties for external faults at maximum ambient temperature with no operations of the triggered protective device (if included) or bypass breaker.

H. The platforms shall be designed to accommodate any additional equipment which might be required to increase the bank’s rating from 850 amperes to 1,004 amperes. Space on the platform shall also be provided for approximately 10 percent of additional MOV.

I. Each housing shall have the same number of enclosed varistor disk columns.

J. Each of the three phases shall have the same number of varistor housings after accounting for the spare and redundancy requirements.

K. A minimum of 10% redundant and spare MOV units shall be provided on each platform and energized when the bank is in service. They shall be evenly distributed with the required MOV to ensure equal aging of the entire group. Initially, the spare units will provide additional thermal capability.

8. TRIGGERED PROTECTIVE DEVICE (IF INCLUDED)

The capacitor bank may include a triggered protective device for bypassing of the MOV and capacitors. This device shall be triggered by relays that monitor the energy and current into the MOV and trigger the device to bypass the MOV before the thermal design limit is reached, or if the rate of rise of current indicates an internal line fault. In addition, this device shall be capable of being externally triggered by protective line relays. The current/energy monitoring relays, circuitry, and associated current transformers for the MOV protection shall be totally redundant and operated in parallel to enhance reliable firing of the triggered device when required to operate.

All triggering system designs shall be fail-safe to the extent that the failure of any component will either not trigger inadvertently or not restrict triggering to protect the

MOV.

The triggered device shall be capable of withstanding the specified fault currents for 15 cycles without damage.

The triggered device shall bypass only when the triggering pulse is present, and shall be able to withstand the maximum protective voltage level of the MOV listed above in Section 7.1 without breakdown for the environmental conditions specified herein.

A triggered device and its associated control shall provide instantaneous protection of the MOV from exceeding its thermal energy limit, and shall not limit the duty of the MOV by premature triggered operation during the specified external faults.

The triggered device shall be capable of bypassing at least 100 times with primary line fault protection (5 cycle fault duration), without affecting its capability or requiring maintenance. The device enclosure shall be designed to allow easy access for inspection and maintenance.

The triggered device shall be capable of completely shunting a capacitor bank charged to the specified protective level.

The protective voltage level of the triggered device circuit shall be independent of atmospheric conditions.

A counter shall be provided to record the number of operations of each triggered device.

The triggered device shall not operate for any faults external to the line except for conditions where the thermal capability of the MOV is exceeded.

If two or more series connected protective devices per phase are employed, a protective firing of one device shall cause all other series connected devices of the same phase to trigger within 50 microseconds.

9. BYPASS CIRCUIT BREAKERS (Internal and External)

The protective equipment shall include an internal automatic bypass ground-mounted circuit breaker connected in parallel with the capacitor bank that can be closed to short out the triggered protective device (if included) and MOV. The bypass breaker shall be able to reinsert the capacitor bank in one step, without restriking. The bypass breaker shall be located adjacent to and outside of the protective fence, as shown in Figure 2. In addition, the protective equipment shall also include an external bypass ground mounted circuit breaker that can be closed to short out all of the capacitor bank installation. The internal and external bypass breakers shall be identical and interchangeable. Requirements detailed below in singular form shall apply to each circuit breaker. They also apply to each individual pole of each breaker, as appropriate.

The circuit breaker shall meet the latest applicable requirements of the C37 Series of ANSI Standards, C57.19, and the latest applicable IEEE and NEMA Standards.

The circuit breaker shall be suitable for remote electrical closing and tripping. The circuit breaker shall be furnished with a supporting structure, controls, piping, conduit, wiring, pole-to-pole cables, and other accessories needed for three-pole operation.

The bypass circuit breaker shall be capable of opening without restriking for insertion of capacitors and closing for bypassing capacitors, and shall be able to withstand any transient current and voltages (TRV) resulting from performance of those functions.

The bypass circuit breakers shall have voltage withstand capability when in open position, such that they will not flash over at the maximum protective level of the MOV. This voltage withstand capability in kV shall be stated by the Contractor.

The bypass breaker shall meet all operating endurance capabilities defined in Table 17 of C37.06; however it shall be capable of performing 1,000 open and 1,000 close operations without maintenance. This exceeds the criteria established in Table 17 for “Between Servicing” operating endurance capability. Operating endurance capability shall take into account the actual conditions prevailing at the installation site.

Provision shall be made for electrical interlocking of the bypass breaker on each phase with corresponding breakers in other phases for simultaneous three-phase operation.

The power circuit breaker shall be oil-less, live tank design, and shall utilize the single pressure SF6 puffer principle of arc interruption.

The power circuit breaker shall have the following electrical characteristics and features:

A. Rated maximum voltage to be determined by Contractor.

B. Basic impulse insulation level to Ground, at the installed elevation: 1300 kV

C. Rated continuous current (minimum): 2000 amperes

D. Control circuit voltage, DC: 125 volts

E. Rated system frequency : 60 Hertz

F. Other ratings shall be in accordance with C37.06.

G. The breakers shall be capable of successfully interrupting out-of-phase switching currents as defined in ANSI C37.09, Section 4.12.

H. Bushings: Each bushing shall be a single piece porcelain unit. The color of all porcelain shall be ANSI No. 70 gray.

9.1 Operating Mechanism and Auxiliaries

A detailed description of the Operating mechanism shall be submitted upon request by WAPA.

The closing mechanism shall be motor compressed spring or hydraulic type.

All mechanisms shall meet the requirements of ANSI C37.12 latest version.

The hydraulic accumulator shall be of sufficient size to permit five (5) close-open or open-close operations without operation of the pump.

The energy storage of a motor-compressed spring-operated mechanism shall be sufficient for a close-open-close operation, after which the spring-compressing motor shall not require more than 10 seconds to compress the closing spring. The spring-operating mechanism shall have provisions for manually charging the closing springs.

Auxiliary power supply is available at 120/240V, 1-Phase and/or 480V, 3- Phase.

In addition to the requirements of ANSI C37.12, the hydraulic mechanism shall include the following:

A. Accumulator pressure gauge readable from outside the mechanism door.

B. Adjustable low pressure alarm relay.

C. Pump total hour meter.

D. Overload protective device for the motor.

E. Excessive pump run time alarm.

In addition to the requirements of ANSI C37.12, the motor compressed spring charged mechanism shall include the following:

A. Means to prevent overcharging of spring(s).

B. Means to prevent insufficiently charged spring(s) from attempting an open-close operation.

C. Overload protective device for the motor.

D. Excessive motor run time alarm.

E. Automatic transfer means to run motor from 125 Vdc when AC power is not available.

The operating mechanism shall be equipped with a mechanical operation indicator that will show whether the circuit breaker is open or closed. This indicator shall be visible from both sides of the breaker.

Circuit breaker operation counter of mechanical type shall be furnished to operate on the opening of the circuit breaker and shall be visible from ground level.

9.2 Operating Features

The control voltage to the circuit breakers shall be 125 Vdc. The circuit breakers shall be capable of operating within the following voltage ranges:

Closing 70-140 volts Opening 90-140 volts

The circuit breaker shall be complete with all necessary auxiliary relays for operation from the nominal control voltage.

A. Each breaker shall be provided with dual close circuits and dual trip circuits.

B. All control auxiliary power disconnecting devices shall be two pole, pull out type fuse blocks with fuses or molded-case circuit breakers. Four spare fuses of each type shall be supplied with the circuit breakers.

C. Auxiliary switches, trip and close control circuits, and indicating lights shall be configured such that green lights indicate breaker is open and red lights indicate breaker is closed.

D. The trip circuits shall be wired to terminal points separate from the close circuits and be provided with separate disconnecting devices.

The fail-safe position of the bypass breaker is closed so suitable anti-pump devices shall be included to prevent the breaker from opening if a close command is present and prevent the breaker from opening more than once if a close command is asserted during an opening sequence.

The trip coil auxiliary “a” switches and close coil auxiliary “b” switches shall be so arranged that the coil circuits are opened within two (2) cycles after the main contacts change state.

The breaker shall be equipped with a temperature compensated alarm and cutout system. The system shall monitor SF6 density and alarm above the density at which the cutout system described below activates. The alarm function shall activate at least one (1) N.O. and one (1) N.C. isolated contact for use by WAPA. The low SF6 density cutout system shall automatically close the circuit breaker at the minimum safe operating density. The cutout function shall activate at least one (1) N.O. and one (1) N.C. isolated contact for use by WAPA.

A Normal-Maintenance isolating switch shall be provided and identified with an appropriate nameplate in the mechanism housing for maintenance purposes. The switch shall be an Electroswitch Series 24 or equal. This switch shall be wired to remove all breaker alarms and all external trip and close signals, but shall not inhibit any local control functions when in the Maintenance position.

There shall be no automatic close operation of the bypass breaker when the switch is placed in the Maintenance position.

The escutcheon marking shall read “normal” in the 12 o’clock position and “maintenance” in the 2 o’clock position. Twenty (20) spare contacts shall be provided, twelve (12) open and eight (8) closed in the Maintenance position.

Auxiliary switches shall be provided as follows: Each breaker mechanism housing shall have at least twelve (12) single-pole auxiliary “a” switches and twelve (12) single-pole auxiliary “b” switches. These switches shall be in addition to the auxiliary switches required for the breaker control circuit. The contacts of all auxiliary switches shall be silver-plated. The auxiliary switches shall be provided with dust tight covers.

An automatically controlled heater system shall be included in the mechanism housing to minimize condensation. Heater supply voltage shall be single-phase, 240 volts AC. The heater circuit shall contain a suitable overload protective device.

Non-corrosive stainless steel nameplates shall be installed on the circuit breaker and associated apparatus. The nameplates shall be attached with screws and nuts or rivets. In addition to the requirements of ANSI C37.04, the nameplate shall give the rating at the Jobsite and the nameplate shall identify the poles and location of terminals on each pole. The nameplate shall also indicate the month and year of manufacture, as well as the WAPA contract number. The poles and terminals shall be clearly shown on the outline drawings.

Two (2) copper or non-corrosive stainless steel grounding pads shall be brazed or welded to each separately supported structure of the bypass breaker.

The pads shall be located at diagonally opposite corners of the steel framework and they shall have two (2) aligned holes on 1-3/4 inch centers for two (2) one-half inch cap screws.

The breaker terminal pads of the circuit breaker shall have two sets of four (4) 9/16 inch holes drilled on 1-3/4 inch centers in accordance with NEMA Publication SG 6, Paragraph SF6-3.15. The spacing between centers of sets of holes shall be eighteen (18) inches. Bronze or copper terminal pads shall be silver plated. Line terminations shall be capable of being made at any angle from -90 to +90 degrees within a plane perpendicular to the axis of the circuit breaker bushings.

9.3 Terminal Connectors

The internal bypass breaker shall be furnished with terminal connectors and bus for connections to the capacitor bank. The external bypass breaker shall be furnished with NEMA 4-hole pads.

9.4 Instructions

Instructions and details shall be provided and shall consist of but not be limited to the following:

A. Equipment Inspection Reports and Material Lists will be used by WAPA upon receipt of the equipment to determine possible carrier damage or missing items.

B. The Material List for each shipment shall include all items for the shipment. The list shall correspond to identification markings made in

English on each separate item. The carrier’s bill of material shall not qualify as this Material List.

C. Parts which are shipped in crates shall be identified by item numbers for that crate and each part shall be so tagged.

D. All item numbers for parts shall be identified on the equipment outline drawing or the erection outline drawing.

E. The Installation, Operation and Testing Instruction Manual shall provide detailed information on the assembly of those items and parts identified for assembly. The procedure shall be step by step to insure no omissions occur.

9.5 Special Tools

A complete set of special tools necessary for the installation and maintenance shall be furnished for each piece of equipment supplied. These tools and their intended use shall be identified in the assembly instructions. A special tool shall include but not be limited to the following:

A. Any metric tool larger than 32mm.

B. Any tool which is not easily purchased in the vicinity of the shipping destination.

C. All gauges and fittings necessary to test the breakers at receipt and during installation. This shall include hydraulic and/or gas systems.

D. Any metric bolts, nuts, pins, washers and other similar items used in equipment assembly shall have spares equal to ten percent of each item or one (1) spare piece of each item, with the larger amount being supplied. The spares shall be shipped as part of the equipment.

9.6 Painting

The equipment shall be cleaned, primed, and finish painted in accordance with the Steel Structures Painting Council Standard Specifications.:

A. The color of the finish coat shall be ANSI No. 70 Gray.

B. The Contractor shall furnish one (1) gallon of “touch-up” paint. The type, quality, and color of the paint shall be the same as that of the finish coat applied in the shop.

C. The completed prime and finish coat shall be inspected for runs, over spray and roughness. Any areas found to show these defects or other signs of improper surface preparation or coating application shall be rejected. Repairs shall be made in accordance with this specification.

D. The coating shall be capable of meeting the performance requirements detailed in ANSI C57.12.28-1988.

10. DISCHARGE CURRENT LIMITING EQUIPMENT

The size and configuration of the discharge current limiting circuit to be used in series with the protective bypass system shall be fully described by the Contractor.

The circuit shall be designed for permanent insertion in the line with the series capacitors bypassed.

The circuit shall provide sufficient damping to keep the capacitor discharge oscillation within the capabilities of the capacitors, fuses, triggered protective device (if included), and associated circuit components. The damping provided by this equipment shall reduce the voltage applied to the capacitors as rapidly as practicable

The damping shall be such that the amplitude of each half cycle shall be one-half or less of the previous. If the damping is less than this criteria, the Contractor shall show successful operating experience. The objective is to significantly reduce the number of capacitor and fuse failures by reducing the stress on these components during triggered protective device (if included) and breaker operations.

The Contractor shall provide information to demonstrate that the sizing of the damping reactor and the natural frequency produced when it is paralleled with the capacitor bank has been considered in the design so as to avoid all even and odd harmonics of 60 Hz. This information must demonstrate that the calculation of the natural frequency included stray capacitances and self-inductance of the bus runs, and must also represent the actual ringing frequency which is delivered to the site.

The specific requirements provided to the reactor manufacturer must address the harmonic issue to avoid impacting the ampacity of the line with the bank bypassed, and potential damage to the reactor due to the vibration levels and eddy current heating of the winding insulation structure.

The reactor shall conform to IEEE C57.16 in both electrical performance and temperature rise. All ratings shall be applicable to the specific site conditions outlined in this specification.

The current rating shall be adequate to damp the expected high frequency capacitor discharge current associated with the highest triggered protective device (if included) setting and bypass breaker closure and be able to carry the load cycle and currents as specified in Section 4. The circuit shall be able to withstand the fault currents for 15 cycles without damage.

The reactor turn-to-turn spacing and conductor insulation shall be adequate to prevent flashover for its intended operating conditions.

The equipment color shall be ANSI No. 70 Gray.

Design and production tests of the current limiting reactor shall be performed as defined in IEEE C57.16.6 Tests and C57.16.11, Test Code.

The current limiting reactor shall be provided with a stainless steel nameplate as defined in IEEE C57.16.12.1, Nameplates, and shall include the month and year of manufacture.

11. PROTECTION, CONTROL, AND ALARM

Protection, control, and alarm features for each series capacitor bank platform shall include but not be restricted to the following minimum requirements. All equipment and materials necessary to perform the functions as specified shall be furnished by the Contractor.

All protective functions shall be provided with two complete, identical, redundant Control and Protective Systems. The two systems will normally be operated in parallel, but must be designed such that either system is capable of independently controlling the capacitor bank. A failure in either Control and Protection System or its associated fiber-optic link (see Section 11.4) shall have no effect on the operation of the remaining Control and Protection System. It shall be possible to isolate, fully test, and maintain either ground-based Protection System without requiring a capacitor bank outage by using the remaining Control and Protection System to control and protect the capacitor bank. It is recognized that testing and maintenance of the redundant control and protection systems located on the platforms will require capacitor bank outages.

The Ground-Based Control and Protection…