Appendix C - Section 105 Control of Work (1).pdf

105.01

105-1

SECTION 105

DIVISI ON 100CONTROL OF WORK

105.01 Authority of the Engineer. The Engineer will decide all questions regarding the quality and acceptability of materials furnished, work performed, and the rate of progress of the work;

all interpretation of the plans and specifications; and the acceptable fulfillment of the Contract.

The Engineer will, in writing, suspend the work, wholly or in part:

(1) For failure of the Contractor to correct conditions unsafe for the workers or the general public.

(2) For failure to carry out Contract provisions.

(3) For failure to carry out orders.

(4) For periods of unsuitable weather.

(5) For conditions unsuitable for the completion of the work.

(6) For any other condition or reason determined to be in the public interest.

105.02 Plans, Shop Drawings, Working Drawings, Other submittals, and Construction Drawings.

(a) Plans. The Contract plans will show lines, grades, typical cross sections of the roadway, location and design of all structures, and summary of items appearing on the proposal. Only general features will be shown for steel and prestressed concrete bridges.

(b) Shop drawings, Working Drawings, and Other Submittals - General. All work shall be performed per the plans, reviewed shop drawings, working drawings, or other submittals.

Specific requirements for the required shop drawings, working drawings, and other submittals for this project are contained in the specifications.

The Contractor shall be responsible for the accuracy of all dimensions and quantities shown on the shop drawings, working drawings, and other submittals. The Contractor shall correlate all information in the Contract, in the submittals, and in all revisions at the project site to ensure that there are no conflicts and that the work can be constructed as shown. The Contractor shall be responsible for all information that pertains to the fabrication processes and methods of construction.

Shop drawings, working drawings, and other submittals shall be delivered to the Engineer.

The Contractor shall notify the Engineer, in writing, at the time of submittal of shop drawings, working drawings, and other submittals, of any information submitted that deviates from the requirements of the plans and specifications. In addition, specific notation of the deviations or changes from the plans and specifications shall be placed on the shop drawing, working drawing, or other submittal.

The first sheet or page of each set of shop drawings, working drawings, and other submittals shall be stamped “Approved for Construction” and signed and electronically sealed by the Contractor. Submittals shall be made in complete packages, which will allow the Engineer to properly review them for general compliance with the Contract and to effectively evaluate the proposed methods of construction. The allowed time for review shall not begin until such submittals are complete.

Appendix C

105.02

105-2

The format of the shop drawings, working drawings, and other submittals shall be as follows:

1. Electronic shop drawings and working drawings are preferred.

2. All manually drafted shop drawings and working drawings shall be 34 inches long by 22 inches wide overall. There shall be a 2-inch margin on the left side of the sheet and a 1/2-inch margin on the other three sides. A blank space, 6 inches long by 3 inches wide, shall be left available near the lower right-hand corner of shop drawings, for the Engineer’s review stamp. Computer drafted 11-inch by 17-inch drawings may be submitted.

3. There shall be a title block in the lower right-hand corner of each sheet. The title block shall show the project number, structure number, the location of the structure, the contents of the sheet, designer/engineer, sheet number, and revision number.

4. Design notes, calculations, lists, reports, descriptions, catalog cuts, and other non-drawing submittals shall be submitted on 8 1/2-inch by 11-inch sheets.

5. Unless otherwise specified, seven sets of shop drawings, and other submittals shall be submitted to the Engineer. One additional set of shop drawings shall be submitted for each railroad company.

6. Unless otherwise specified, two sets of working drawings shall be submitted to the Engineer.

7. The shop drawings, working drawings, other submittals and all revisions shall be signed and electronically sealed for the Contractor, by a professional engineer registered in the state of Colorado when required by the specifications. Submittals without the required signature and seal will not be accepted and will be returned to the Contractor without action.

Table 105-1 summarizes the minimum required submittals is included at the end of subsection 105.02. Table 105-1 lists submittals in one location for information. The table clarifies the type of submittal and whether the Contractor’s Engineer must sign and electronically seal the submittal. Table 105-1 may not be all inclusive. The Contractor shall provide all submittals required by the Contract, including those not listed in the table.

(c) Shop Drawings. The Contractor shall provide shop drawings to adequately control the work. The Contractor shall submit shop drawings to the Engineer for formal review.

The Engineer will review the shop drawings to evaluate that general conformance with the design concept and that general compliance with the information given in the plans and specifications has been achieved. The review does not extend to accuracy of dimensions, means, methods, techniques, sequences, schemes, procedures of construction, or to safety precautions. The review by the Engineer is not a complete check. Review of the shop drawings does not relieve the Contractor of the responsibility for the correctness of the shop drawings. All work done before the Engineer’s review of shop drawings shall be at the Contractor’s sole risk.

The Engineer may request additional details and require the Contractor to make changes in the shop drawings that are necessary to conform to the provisions and intent of the plans and specifications without additional cost to the Department.

105-3

After review, the Engineer will return two sets of shop drawings, for use by the Contractor and the Fabricator or Supplier. Returned shop drawings will be stamped with the Engineer’s review stamp to indicate one of the following:

STATUS OF RETURNED SHOP DRAWINGS AND MEANINGS

Reviewed, no exception taken

Shop drawings have been reviewed and do not require additional review.

Reviewed, revise as noted

Shop drawings have been reviewed and the Contractor shall incorporate the comments noted in the shop drawings into the work. The shop drawings do not require additional review.

Resubmit, revise as noted

Shop drawings require correction or redrawing and shall be resubmitted for review. If shop drawings are returned for correction or redrawing, corrections shall be made, and the shop drawings shall be resubmitted by the Contractor in the same manner as the first submittal. Specific notation shall be made on the shop drawings to indicate the revisions.

The time required for the Engineer’s review of each submittal will not exceed four weeks after a complete submittal of shop drawings is received by the Engineer. It is the intent of these specifications that no more than two submittals of shop drawings shall be required for any one particular item. If additional submittals are required by actions of the Contractor, resulting delays shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. If additional submittals are required by the Engineer’s actions or if shop drawing review is delayed by the Engineer, the Contractor may request an extension of time as provided in subsection 108.08.

All revisions made to the shop drawings after the Engineer’s initial review process will require resubmittal.

(d) Working Drawings. The Contractor shall supplement the plans with working drawings to detail the construction or to provide the Engineer with information on the proposed methods of construction.

Unless otherwise specified, the Contractor shall submit two sets of working drawings to the Engineer for information only. These drawings will not be formally reviewed by the Engineer. The Contractor shall submit working drawings to the Engineer10 days before the start of work. Working drawings will not be returned to the Contractor.

(e) Other Submittals. Other submittals shall be prepared and submitted by the Contractor as defined for working drawings. Unless otherwise specified, two copies shall be submitted to the Engineer for information only. The plans or specifications will indicate which submittals require formal review by the Engineer.

One record set of all design work performed by the Contractor’s Engineer shall be submitted to the Project Engineer.

105-4

(f) Construction Drawings. The Contractor shall keep one set of plans, reviewed shop drawings, working drawings, and other submittals available on the project site at all times. This set shall be defined as the “construction drawings.” The Contractor shall note on these construction drawings all changes and deviations from the work shown on the plans, shop drawings, working drawings, and other submittals. The construction drawings shall be kept current as the work progresses and notations shall be made within seven days of the change or deviation. The first sheet or page of each set of construction drawings shall be stamped “As Constructed” and signed by the Contractor.

Upon completion of the work and before final payment, the construction drawings shall be submitted to the Engineer.

The Contractor shall provide pile and caisson tip elevations and provide all refusal and restrike information, driving records and PDA information to the Engineer before proceeding with further construction for permanent archiving.

(g) Furnishing the shop drawings, working drawings, construction drawings, and other submittals will not be measured and paid for separately, but shall be included in the work.

(h) Failure of the Contractor to comply with the requirements for shop drawings, working drawings, other submittals, and construction drawings may be considered unsatisfactory contract progress. Monthly progress payments may be withheld until the requirements are met.

(i) Except as specifically noted, all time required for review of shop drawings, working drawings, and other submittals shall be included in the work and shall not be the basis for any claim for a time extension or monetary adjustment except as provided.

Table 105-1

CONTRACTOR SUBMITTALS

(Including Contractor Qualifications)

Section No. Description Type

Contractor P.E. Seal Required?

Specialty Unit Review

Review Time (working days) 202 Bridge Removal Plan Other Yes Staff Bridge 10 206 Shoring Working Drawing Yes* Staff Bridge‡ 10

502 Piling Equipment Testing Other No No 10

502 Welding Qualifications No No 10

Assembly and Placement of Reinforcing Steel

Shop Drawing Yes Staff Bridge 30

503 Drilled Shafts Qualifications No No 30 504 Soil Nail Wall Qualifications No No 15

Soil Nail Wall (Contractor Alternative & Sacrificial)

Shop Drawing Yes*† Geotechnical 10

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Table 105-1 (continued)

Contractor P.E. Seal Required?

Specialty Unit Review

Review Time (working days)

Hybrid Wall (Contractor Alternative)

Shop Drawing Yes* Staff Bridge 10

504 MSE Wall Qualifications No No 10

504 MSE Walls (Contractor Alternative) Shop Drawing Yes Staff Bridge/

Geotechnical 15

504 MSE Walls (Default Design) Shop Drawing No Staff Bridge 15

504 Geomembrane and Joints Working Drawing No No 10

508 Timber Structures Shop Drawing No Staff Bridge 20 509 Steel Structures Shop Drawing Yes* Staff Bridge 20

509 and 618 Erection Plan Other Yes Staff Bridge 5

509 Fracture Critical Plan Other No Staff Bridge 15

512 Bearing Devices Type II Shop Drawing No Staff Bridge 15

512 Bearing Devices Type III Shop Drawing Yes Staff Bridge 15

514 Pedestrian and Bikeway Railing Working Drawing No No 10

518 Elastomeric Expansion Devices Working Drawing No No 10

518 Expansion Devices: 0- 4" Shop Drawing Yes Staff Bridge 15

518 Expansion Devices: 0- 6", 9", 12"… Shop Drawing Yes Staff Bridge 15

Modular Bridge Expansion Joint

Design Other Yes Staff Bridge 10

518 PPC End Dam Qualifications No No 15 601 and

Precast Panel Deck

Forms Working Drawing No Staff Bridge‡ 10

601 Permanent Steel Bridge Deck Forms Shop Drawing Yes Staff Bridge 10

601 Falsework Working Drawing Yes Staff Bridge‡ 10 602 Reinforcing Steel Working Drawing No No 10

105-6

Contractor P.E. Seal Required?

Specialty Unit Review

Review Time (working days) 603 Precast Culvert Shop Drawing Yes* Staff Bridge 20 606 Bridge Railing Working Drawing No Staff Bridge‡ 10

607 Noise Barriers (Alternative) Shop Drawing Yes Staff Bridge 15

607 Noise Barriers (Default Design) Working Drawing No Staff Bridge‡ 10

613 Light Standards (Low Mast) Working Drawing Yes Traffic 10

613 Light Standards (High Mast) Working Drawing Yes Traffic 10

614 Overhead Sign Structures Shop Drawing Yes* Staff Bridge/

Traffic 15

Variable Message Signs (Cabinet and tilting bracket)

Working Drawing Yes Traffic 10

614 Traffic Signal Pole (Mast Arm) Shop Drawing No Staff Bridge/

Traffic 15

614 Traffic Signal Pedestal Pole Working Drawing Yes Traffic 10

614 Traffic Signal Equipment Working Drawing No Traffic 10

618 Prestressed Concrete (Pre-tensioned) Shop Drawing Yes* Staff Bridge 20

618 Prestressed Concrete (Post-tensioned) Shop Drawing Yes* Staff Bridge 10

Steel Diaphragms between Prestressed Girders

Working Drawing No Staff Bridge‡ 10

618 PT Grouting Qualifications No No 10 622 Buildings Shop Drawing Yes Staff Bridge Varies

628 Prefabricated Pedestrian Bridges Shop Drawing Yes*† Staff Bridge 20

641 Shotcrete Qualifications No No 10 641 Shotcrete Shop Drawing No Geotechnical 10 715 Anchor Bolts Working Drawing No Staff Bridge‡ 10

105.03

105-7

Contractor P.E. Seal Required?

Specialty Unit Review

Review Time (working days) Project Specials

As noted in project specials Qualifications No Varies Varies, 10 min.

Project Specials

As noted in project specials Varies Varies Varies Varies

Table 105-1 Notes: *An electronic PE seal is required where the Contractor has provided the design for the item or performed engineering to modify the details shown on the plans. The PE seal is not required where complete details are provided on the plans.

†Independent design check required for rating per Bridge Rating Manual.

‡Submittal only, no review required.

105.03 Conformity to the Contract. All work performed and all materials furnished shall conform to the lines, grades, cross sections, dimensions, and material requirements, including tolerances, shown in the Contract.

All hot mix asphalt (HMA) materials or work will be evaluated for conformity to the Contract per subsection 105.05 except HMA that is used for patching and temporary pavement.

For those items of work where working tolerances are not specified, the Contractor shall perform the work in a manner consistent with reasonable and customary manufacturing and construction practices.

When the Engineer finds that the materials furnished, the work performed, or the finished product does not conform with the Contract, but that reasonably acceptable work has been produced, the Engineer will determine the extent the work will be accepted and remain in place. If accepted the Engineer will (1) document the basis for acceptance by Contract Modification Order that will provide for an appropriate reduction in the Contract price for such work or materials not otherwise provided for in this subsection or (2) notify the Contractor in writing that the Contract unit price will be reduced per this subsection when P is 25 or less, or

(3) in lieu of a price reduction, permit correction or replacement of the finished product provided the correction or replacement does not adversely affect the work.

When the Engineer finds the materials furnished, work performed, or the finished product are not in conformity with the Contract and has resulted in an inferior or unsatisfactory product, the work or materials shall be removed and replaced or otherwise corrected by and at the expense of the Contractor.

If asphalt cement testing demonstrates that asphalt cement was acid modified or alkaline modified, the supplier will be automatically decertified. In addition, all material placed containing the acid modified or alkaline modified asphalt cement shall be removed and replaced with specification material at no cost to the Department.

Materials will be sampled and tested by the Department per the sampling and testing schedules and procedures contained in the Department’s Field Materials Manual. The approximate maximum quantity represented by each sample will be as set forth in the schedules. An additional number of samples in relation to the quantity of material

105-8 represented may be selected and tested at the Engineer’s discretion. The quantity represented by five consecutive random samples will constitute a lot whenever production schedules and material continuity permit. The Engineer may establish a lot consisting of the quantity represented by any number of consecutive random samples from one to seven inclusive when it is necessary to represent short production runs, significant material changes, or other unusual characteristics of the work. Tests that are determined to have sampling or testing errors will not be used.

Materials or work will be evaluated for price reduction only when deviations from specifications occur on any of the several individual tests for the lot. The several individual test values will be averaged and the percent of price reduction for the lot will be determined by applicable formula.

The formula in (1) and (2) below will be used only when the lot is represented by three to seven tests inclusive.

(1) The formula, P = (Xn + aR – Tu)F, will be used if a maximum limit only is specified or when the average of the several test values is above the midpoint of the specification band or above the job-mix formula value.

(2) The formula, P = (TL + aR – Xn)F, will be used if a minimum limit only is specified or when the average of the several test values is below the midpoint of the specification band or below the job-mix formula value.

(3) When the lot is represented by fewer than three tests, the materials will be evaluated for price reduction by the following procedure: Lots represented by two tests will be divided into two separate lots represented by one test each, as determined by the Engineer. Each lot that deviates from the specifications will be price reduced by one of the following formulas. When a maximum limit only is specified or the test value is above the maximum specified limit, the formula P = 0.76(To – Tu)F will be used. When a minimum limit only is specified or the test value is below the minimum specified limit, the formula P = 0.76(TL – To)F will be used. When a lot is represented by one test only, the materials will be evaluated for price reduction as described in this paragraph.

Where:

P is the percent of reduction in contract price, Xn is the average of the several test values from samples taken from the lot, with “n” indicating the number of values, a is a variable factor to be used in “n” changes according to the following: when n is 3, a = 0.45; n is 4, a = 0.38; n is 5, a = 0.33; n is 6, a = 0.30; and n is 7, a = 0.28.

R is the difference between the highest and lowest values in the group of several test results from the lot, Tu is the upper or maximum tolerance limit permitted by the specifications, TL is the lower or minimum tolerance limit permitted by the specifications, and

To is the test value of the test that deviates from the specifications, F is price reduction factor to be applied for each element as shown in the following table:

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Table 105-2

PRICE REDUCTION FACTORS

Element Factor “F”

100 percent size sieve 1

12.5 mm (1/2") sieve and larger 1

(3/8") sieve inclusive (except 100 percent size sieve) 3

Liquid Limit 3 Plasticity Index 10 Asphalt penetration 1 Asphalt residue 3 Portland Cement Concrete Pavement Fine Aggregate Sand Equivalent 0.3

Hydrated Lime Gradation 0.3 Toughness, inch-pounds, minimum 0.8 Tenacity, inch-pounds, minimum 0.8 Elastic Recovery, 25 °C, percent minimum 1.25 Ductility, 4 °C (5cm/min) cm, minimum of RTFO Residue 1.25

If P is less than 3, or a negative quantity, the material will be accepted as being in conformity. In cases where one or more elements show a positive P value, such positive values will be added, and the resulting sum will be used to determine whether the material is in conformity. If the total P value is between 3 and 25, the Engineer may require correction or may accept the material at a reduced price. If P is greater than 25, the Engineer may: (1) require complete removal and replacement with specification material at no additional cost to the Department; (2) require corrective action to bring the material into conformity at no additional cost to the Department; or (3) where the finished product is found to be capable of performing the intended purpose and the value of the finished product is not affected, permit the Contractor to leave the material in place with an appropriate price reduction to be based on engineering evaluation but not to be less than that which would have occurred had a reduction been made where P = 25.

If the P for aggregate gradation for Items 206, 304, or the gradation of hydrated lime for item 403 is 3 or greater the reduction will apply to the contract price multiplied by the Multipliers (M) listed in the following table:

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Table 105-3

MULTIPLIER FOR PRICE REDUCTIONS

FOR MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS

Item Number-Name Element Multiplier (M) 206- Structural Backfill Gradation 0.60

304-Aggregate Base Course Gradation 0.60

403-Hot Mix Asphalt* Hydrated Lime Gradation 0.60

Table 105-3 Notes: * The P value for hydrated lime shall be applied to the price of the HMA item when asphalt cement is not paid for separately. Lime gradation P values will not be combined with Pay Factors for other elements.

Table 105-4

MULTIPLIER FOR HMA

PRICE REDUCTIONS

Where Asphalt Cement is not paid for separately:

Item Number-Name Element Multiplier (M)

403-Stone Matrix Asphalt

Gradation, Asphalt Cement Content, or Compaction

0.60

403-Hot Mix Asphalt* Hydrated Lime Gradation 0.60

Table 105-4 Notes: * The P value for hydrated lime shall be applied to the price of the HMA item. Lime gradation P values will not be combined with Pay Factors for other elements.

The following equation shows how the Multiplier is used to determine the price reduction.

Price reduction = (P/100) • Multiplier • Price per Unit • Quantity.

If no multiplier is listed no adjustment to the computed P is required. This is equivalent to a multiplier of one.

Price reduction for those elements that are not included in the Table of Price Reduction Factors will be determined by the Engineer.

The Contractor will not have the option of accepting a price reduction in lieu of producing specification material. Continued production of non-specification material will not be permitted. Material that is obviously defective may be isolated and rejected without regard to sampling sequence or location within a lot.

(a) Retroreflectivity of High Build Acrylic Waterborne Paint and Modified Epoxy Pavement Marking. Retroreflectivity of High Build Acrylic Waterborne Paint and Modified Epoxy Pavement Marking shall be tested as follows:

105-11

1. The Contractor shall take retroreflectivity readings on all high build acrylic waterborne paint and modified epoxy pavement marking lines for each day of roadway striping work completed on the project. A test section is defined as each continuous line type (lane lines, centerlines, edge lines, channelizing lines, and others) 500 feet in length at a location that is selected by the Engineer using a Random Number Generator, which will be the representation of the work that has been completed in a single day. The Contractor shall use a Contractor-furnished retroreflectometer conforming to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E1710 or American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) TP111. The retroreflector meter shall be calibrated, tested and operated per manufacturer recommendations. The Contractor shall take 10 retroreflectivity readings within the test section for each stripe. These 10 readings shall be taken approximately 40 feet apart and shall be averaged to determine the retroreflectivity of that test section of striping. In cases where striping is less than 500 feet long, 10 readings shall be taken in 10 equal intervals.

2. The calibration for the retroreflector meter shall be witnessed and verified by the Engineer every day, before the readings being taken. The retroreflectivity readings shall be taken in the presence of the Engineer no sooner than 3 days and no later than 21 days after the marking is tack free. All scheduled readings within this timeline or beyond resulting in a reduced reading or failure will be at the risk of the Contractor. Initial minimum retroreflectivity reading (mcd/m2/lux) in the representative test section of pavement marking paint shall be according to table 105-5. The pay factor for High Build Acrylic Waterborne Paint and Modified Epoxy Pavement Marking that is allowed to remain in place at a reduced price, shall be according to the following table and shall be applied to the unit bid price for Item 627, High Build Acrylic Waterborne Paint and Modified Epoxy Pavement Marking, and applied to the work completed in the respective day.

Table 105-5

PRICE REDUCTIONS FOR RETROREFLECTIVITY

Retroreflectivity Reading (R) in the representative test section (mcd/m2/lux)

Color Modified Epoxy High Build Acrylic Waterborne Paint

Pay Factor (%)

White R > 350 100 White 75 White Remove and replace Yellow R > 200 150 100 Yellow 75 Yellow 150 Remove and replace

3. Before taking retroreflectivity readings, the Contractor shall remove at the retroreflectivity reading locations any excess beads placed during marking application.

4. Retroreflectivity readings may be altered by chip seals, rumble strips, wet surfaces, ice treatment, snow conditions, or abnormal pavement conditions. If the Engineer determines that accurate reading cannot be taken within the specified timeline per the manufacturer’s recommendations, through no fault of the Contractor, the Engineer may waive the requirements for testing and pay reduction.

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5. Any and all work, including traffic control required for retroreflectivity readings, shall be included in the cost of the unit bid price for Item 627.

(b) Violation of Working Time Limitation.

If there is a violation of the working time limitations for traffic control as set forth in the special provisions, a written notice to stop work will be imposed on the Contractor at the start of the next working day. Work shall not resume until the Contractor assures the Engineer, in writing, that there will not be a reoccurrence of the working time violation.

If more violations take place, the Engineer will notify the Contractor in writing that there will be a price reduction charge for each incident per this specification. This incident price reduction charge will be deducted from any money due the Contractor. This price reduction will not be considered a penalty but will be a price reduction for failure to perform traffic control in compliance with the Contract.

An incident is any violation up to 30 minutes in duration. Each 30 minutes or increment thereof will be considered as an incident. A price reduction will be assessed for each successive or cumulative 30-minute period in violation of the working time limitations, as determined by the Engineer. The price reduction for each incident will increase at a progressive rate starting with $150 for the second incident and increasing to $1,200 for the fifth and subsequent incidents per the following schedule. A 15-minute grace period will be allowed at the beginning of the second incident on the project before the price reduction is applied. This 15-minute grace period applies only to the second incident.

The number of incident charges will be accumulative throughout the duration of the Contract.

Table 105-6

VIOLATION OF THE WORKING TIME LIMITATIONS

PRICE REDUCTION SCHEDULE

Incident Incident Rate Total Price Reduction

First Notice to Stop Work ---- Second $150 $150 Third $300 $450 Fourth $600 $1,050 Fifth $1,200 $2,250 Sixth $1,200 $3,450

> Sixth $1,200 $4,650

105.04

105-13

105.04 Conformity to the Contract of Superpave Performance Graded Binders. Asphalt binders will be price reduced according to the following if the requirements of subsection

702.01 are not met:

TABLE 105-7

PERFORMANCE GRADED BINDER LIMITS

Property Specification

Compliance Limit for

Price Reduction of

0%

Rejection Limit, Price Reduction =

25%

G*sin (delta) of RTFO Residue 2.20 Min 1.87 Min Slope (m-value) of the Creep Curve at Low Grade Temperature + 10° C.

0.300 Min 0.295 Min

Stiffness of the PAV Residue at Low Grade Temperature + 10° C, (Mpa)

300 Max 311 Max >355

The price reduction will be 25 percent at the rejection limit. Between the compliance limit and the rejection limit, the price reduction will be calculated as follows:

CL – test value

CL – RL

Where: PR = Price Reduction CL = Compliance Limit

RL = Rejection Limit

(a) The price reductions will be cumulative if more than one PG binder property specified in the Table of Performance Graded Binder Limits is out of specification, resulting in P (total).

When binder is included in the contract unit price for HMA, the price reduction will be calculated as follows:

When the binder is paid for separately, the total price reduction will be calculated as follows:

(b) Price reductions based on the “F” factors in the Table of Price Reduction Factors described in subsection 105.03 will be in addition to the PG binder price reductions. Other binder requirements listed in the Table of Performance Graded Binder Limits but not price reduced in subsections 105.03 or 105.04 may be tested but will not be considered for price reduction calculations. However, the Contractor will not be allowed to continue to produce mix with out of specification PG binder. If two consecutive samples fail to meet all requirements

105.05

105-14 listed in the Table of Performance Graded Binder Limits, the Contractor shall take corrective action before being allowed to continue production of hot mix asphalt. If proper corrective measures cannot be readily determined, the Engineer will suspend the use of such material until the Engineer can determine from laboratory tests that the Contractor can provide material that is in compliance with the Table of Performance Graded Binder Limits.

(c) The Contractor will not have the option of accepting a price reduction in lieu of producing specification material. Continued production of non-specification material will not be permitted. Material that is obviously defective may be isolated and rejected without regard to sampling sequence or location within a lot.

105.05 Conformity to the Contract of Hot Mix Asphalt. Conformity to the Contract of all Hot Mix Asphalt, Item 403, except Hot Mix Asphalt (Patching) and temporary pavement will be determined by tests and evaluations of elements that include asphalt content, gradation, in-place density, and joint density per the following:

All work performed and all materials furnished shall conform to the lines, grades, cross sections, dimensions, and material requirements, including tolerances, shown in the Contract.

When the Engineer finds the materials or work furnished, work performed, or the finished product are not in conformity with the Contract and has resulted in an inferior or unsatisfactory product, the work or material shall be removed and replaced or otherwise corrected at the expense of the Contractor.

Materials will be sampled randomly and tested by the Department per subsection 106.05 and with the applicable procedures contained in the Department’s Field Materials Manual. The approximate maximum quantity represented by each sample will be as set forth in subsection 106.05. Additional samples may be selected and tested as set forth in subsection

106.05 at the Engineer’s discretion.

A process will consist of either a single test value or a series of values resulting from related tests of an element of the Contractor’s work and materials. An element is a material or workmanship property that can be tested and evaluated for quality level by the Department approved sampling, testing, and analytical procedures. All materials produced will be assigned to a process. A change in process is defined as a change that affects the element involved. For any element, with the exception of the joint density element, a process normally will include all produced materials associated with that element before a change in the job mix formula (Form 43). For joint density, a new process will be established for each new layer of pavement or for changes in joint construction. Density measurements taken within each compaction test section will be a separate process. The Engineer may separate a process in order to accommodate small quantities or unusual variations.

Evaluation of materials for pay factors (PF) will be done using only the Department’s acceptance test results. Each process will have a PF computed per the requirements of this Section. Test results determined to have sampling or testing errors will not be used.

Except for in-place density measurements taken within a compaction test section, any test result for the asphalt content, in-place density or joint density element greater than the distance 2 x V (see Table 105-8) outside the tolerance limits will be designated as a separate process and the quantity it represents will be evaluated per subsection 105.05(a). An element pay factor less than zero shall be zero. The calculated PF will be used to determine

105-15 the Incentive/Disincentive Payment (I/DP) for the process per 105.05(e) Evaluation of Work.

In the case of in-place density or joint density, the Contractor will be allowed to core the exact location (or immediately adjacent location for joint density) of a test result more than 2 times V outside the tolerance limit. The core must be taken and furnished to the Engineer within eight hours after notification by the Engineer of the test result. The result of this core will be used in lieu of the previous test result. Cores not taken within eight hours after notification by the Engineer will not be used in lieu of the test result. All costs associated with coring shall be at the Contractor’s expense.

(a) Representing Small Quantities. When it is necessary to represent a process by only one or two test results, PF will be the average of PFs resulting from the following:

If the test result is within the tolerance limits, then

PF = 1.00

If the test result is above the maximum specified limit, then

PF = 1.00 – [0.25(TO – TU)/V]

If the test result is below the minimum specified limit, then

PF = 1.00 – [0.25(TL – TO)/V]

Where: PF = pay factor.

V = V factor from Table 105-8.

TO = the individual test result.

TU = upper specification limit.

TL = lower specification limit.

The calculated PF will be used to determine the I/DP for the process.

(b) Determining Quality Level. Each process with three or more test results will be evaluated for a quality level (QL) per Colorado Procedure (CP) 71.

(c) Gradation Element. Each specified sieve, with the exception of 100 percent passing sieves, will be evaluated for QL separately. The lowest calculated QL for a sieve will be designated as the QL for gradation element for the process.

(d) Joint Density Element. Joint Density will be tested according to subsection 401.17.

(e) Process Pay Factor. Using the calculated QL for the process, compute the PF as follows:

The final number of random samples (Pn) in each process will determine the final pay factor. As test values are accumulated for each process, Pn will change accordingly. When the process has been completed, the number of random samples it contains will determine the computation of PF, based on Table 105-9 and formula (1) below. When Pn is from 3 to 9, or greater than 200, PF will be computed using the formulas designated in Table 105-9.

Where Pn is equal to or greater than 10 and less than 201, PF will be computed by Formula (1):

Formula (1)

222 32

2213221

PnPn PnPnPFPFPFPFPFPFPF X

105-16

Where, when referring to Table 105-9:

PF1= PF determined at the next lowest Pn formula using process QL PF2= PF determined using the Pn formula shown for the process QL PF3= PF determined at the next highest Pn formula using process QL Pn2= the lowest Pn in the spread of values listed for the process Pn formula Pn3= the lowest Pn in the spread of values listed for the next highest Pn formula Pnx= the actual number of test values in the process

When evaluating the item of Furnish Hot Mix Asphalt, the PF for the element of In-Place Density shall be 1.0.

Regardless of QL, the maximum PF in relation to Pn is limited per Table 105-9.

As test results become available, they will be used to calculate QL and PF numbers for each process. The process I/DPs will then be calculated and accumulated for each element and for the item. The test results and the accumulated calculations will be made available to the Contractor upon request.

Numbers from the calculations will be carried to significant figures and rounded according to AASHTO Standard Recommended Practice R-11, Rounding Method.

(f) Evaluation of Work. When the PF of a process is 0.75 or greater, the finished quantity of work represented by the process will be accepted at the appropriate pay factor. If the PF is less than 0.75, the Engineer may:

(1) Require complete removal and replacement with specification material at the Contractor’s expense; or

(2) Where the finished product is found to be capable of performing the intended purpose and the value of the finished product is not affected, permit the Contractor to leave the material in place. If the material is permitted to remain in place, the PF for the process will not be greater than 0.75. The Region Materials Engineer (RME) will be consulted before determining the material will be allowed to remain in place. The RME will also be consulted to assist in determining an appropriate pay factor.

When condition red, as described in subsection 106.05(g), exists for any element, resolution and correction will be per Section 106.05(g). Material that the Engineer determines is defective may be isolated and rejected without regard to sampling sequence or location within a process.

If removal and replacement is required because the joint density PF for a process is below 0.75, the Contractor shall remove and replace the full lane width adjacent to and including at least 6 inches beyond the visible joint line for the entire length of joint representing the process. If the lane removed is adjacent to another joint, that joint shall also be removed to a point 6 inches beyond the visible joint line. When a single joint density core is more than 2V outside the tolerance limits, the removal and replacement limits shall be identified by coring the failing joint at 25-foot intervals until two successive cores are found to be 1V or less below the minimum tolerance limit. If removal and replacement is required, the Contractor shall submit documentation identifying the process to be used to correct the area in question in writing. The process will be approved by the Engineer before commencing the corrective work.

105-17

Table 105-8

“W” AND “V” FACTORS FOR VARIOUS ELEMENTS

Hot Mix Asphalt

Element V Factor W Factor

2.36 mm (No. 8) mesh and larger sieves 2.8 N/A

1.8 N/A

0.8 N/A

Gradation N/A 15 Asphalt Content 0.2 25 In-place Density 1.1 45 Joint Density 1.6 15

Table 105-9 FORMULAS FOR CALCULATING PF BASED ON Pn

Pn

When Pn as shown at left is 3 to 9, or greater than 200, use designated formula below to calculate Pay Factor, PF = ..., when Pn is 10 to 200, use formula (1) above:

Maximum

PF

3 0.31177 + 1.57878 (QL/100) - 0.84862 (QL/100)2 1.025

4 0.27890 + 1.51471 (QL/100) - 0.73553 (QL/100)2 1.030

5 0.25529 + 1.48268 (QL/100) - 0.67759 (QL/100)2 1.030

6 0.19468 + 1.56729 (QL/100) - 0.70239 (QL/100)2 1.035

7 0.16709 + 1.58245 (QL/100) - 0.68705 (QL/100)2 1.035

8 0.16394 + 1.55070 (QL/100) - 0.65270 (QL/100)2 1.040

9 0.11412 + 1.63532 (QL/100) - 0.68786 (QL/100)2 1.040

10 to 11 0.15344 +1.50104 (QL/100) - 0.58896 (QL/100)2 1.045

12 to 14 0.07278 + 1.64285 (QL/100) - 0.65033 (QL/100)2 1.045

15 to 18 0.07826 + 1.55649 (QL/100) - 0.56616 (QL/100)2 1.050

19 to 25 0.09907 + 1.43088 (QL/100) - 0.45550 (QL/100)2 1.050

26 to 37 0.07373 + 1.41851 (QL/100) - 0.41777 (QL/100)2 1.055

38 to 69 0.10586 + 1.26473 (QL/100) - 0.29660 (QL/100)2 1.055

70 to 200 0.21611 + 0.86111 (QL/100) 1.060

> 201 0.15221 + 0.92171 (QL/100) 1.060

105.06

105-18

(g) Process I/DP Computation.

I/DP = (PF - 1)(QR)(UP)(W/100)

Where: I/DP =Incentive or Disincentive Payment PF = Pay Factor QR = Quantity in Tons of HMA Represented by the Process UP = Unit Bid Price of Asphalt Mix W = Element factor from Table 105-8

When AC is paid for separately UP shall be:

UP = [(TonHMA)(UPHMA)+ (TonAC)(UPAC)]/ TonHMA

Where: TonHMA =Tons of Asphalt Mix

UPHMA = Unit Bid Price of Asphalt Mix

TonAC = Tons of Asphalt Cement

UPAC = Unit Bid Price of Asphalt Cement

For the joint density element:

UP = UPHMA

Where: UPHMA is as defined above

When AC is paid for separately UP shall be:

UP=[(BTonHMA) (BUPHMA)+(BTonAC) (BUPAC)]/ (BTonHMA)

Where: BTonHMA = Bid Tons of Asphalt Mix

BUPHMA = Unit Bid Price of Asphalt Mix

BTonAC = Bid Tons of Asphalt Cement

BUPAC = Unit Bid Price of Asphalt Cement

(h) Element I/DP. The I/DP for an element shall be computed by accumulating the process I/DPs for that element.

(i) I/DP for a Mix Design. The I/DP for a mix design shall be computed by accumulating the process I/DPs for the asphalt content, in-place density, and gradation elements for that mix design. The accumulated quantities of materials for each element must be the same at the end of I/DP calculations for a mix design.

(j) Project I/DP. The I/DP for the project shall be computed by accumulating the mix design I/DPs and the joint density I/DPs. The accumulated quantities of materials for each element must be the same at the end of I/DP calculations for the project.

105.06 Conformity to the Contract of Portland Cement Concrete Pavement. Conformity to the Contract of all Portland Cement Concrete Pavement, Item 412, will be determined per the following:

When the Engineer finds that the materials furnished, the work performed, or the finished product does not conform to the Contract, or the Pay Factor (PF) for an element’s process is less than 0.75 but that reasonably acceptable work has been produced, the Engineer will

105-19 determine the extent of the work that will be accepted and remain in place. The Engineer will use a Contract Modification Order to document the justification for allowing the work to remain in place and the price adjustment that will be applied.

When the Engineer finds the materials furnished, work performed, or the finished product is not in conformity with the Contract, or the PF for an element’s process is less than 0.75 and has resulted in an inferior or unsatisfactory product, the work or material shall be removed and replaced or otherwise corrected by and at the expense of the Contractor. When the PF for any process is 0.75 or greater, the finished quantity of work represented by the process will be accepted at the calculated pay factor.

Materials will be sampled and tested by the Contractor and the Department per subsection

106.06 and with procedures contained in the Department’s Field Materials Manual. The approximate quantity represented by each sample will be as set forth in subsection 106.06, Tables 106-2 and 106-3. Additional samples may be selected and tested at the Engineer’s discretion.

(a) Incentive and Disincentive Payments (I/DP) will be made based on a statistical analysis that yields Pay Factors (PF) and Quality Levels (QL). The PF and QL will be made based on test results for the elements of compressive strength and pavement thickness (compressive strength criteria) or the elements of flexural strength and pavement thickness (flexural strength criteria). The Department will indicate in the plans whether compressive strength or flexural strength criteria will be used. If the acceptance criteria are not indicated, flexural strength criteria shall be used.

Incentive or Disincentive payment will not be made for thickness of concrete pavement furnished by the Contractor and placed by others.

When compressive strength criteria are indicated, then the QL will be calculated for the elements of compressive strength and pavement thickness on a process basis. When flexural strength criteria are indicated, then the QL will be calculated for the elements of flexural strength and pavement thickness on a process basis. A process will consist of the test results from a series of random samples. Test results determined to have sampling or testing errors will not be used. All materials produced will be assigned to a process. Changes in mix design, design pavement thickness, or a break of more than 120 working days between placements will create a new process. The following is provided to clarify changes in processes for each element:

1. Construction of mainline pavement, including the shoulders if placed with the mainline, is a single process for the compressive or flexural strength element, when the mix design does not change and there is not a break of more than 120 days between placements.

2. Construction of mainline pavement, including the shoulders if placed with the mainline, is a single process for the thickness element, when the planned thickness does not change and there is not a break of more than 120 days between placements.

3. Construction of ramps, acceleration and deceleration lanes and shoulders placed separately are considered separate processes.

4. Changes in paving equipment, changes in placement method, changes in hauling equipment, adjustments to mix designs that do not require a new mix design, changes in weather conditions, and changes in production rate shall not create a new process in the strength or thickness elements.

105-20

The Contractor and Engineer will determine element processes and what distinguishes them as processes during the Pre-pave meeting before concrete placement.

(b) When it is necessary to represent material by one or two tests, each individual test shall have a PF computed per the following:

If the value of the test is at or above the lower tolerance limit, then PF = 1.000. If the value of the test is below the lower tolerance limit, then:

PF = 1.00 – [0.25(TL -T0)/V]

where: PF = pay factor.

V = V factor from Tables 105-4 or 105-5.

T0 = the individual test value.

TL= lower tolerance limit.

(c) The following procedures will be used to compute Incentive and Disincentive Payments (I/DP), quality levels (QL), and pay factors (PF) for processes represented by three or more tests:

1. Quality Level (QL) will be calculated according to CP-71.

2. Compute the PF for the process. When the process has been completed, the number of tests (Pn) it includes shall determine the formula to be used to compute the final pay factor per the following:

A. For pavement thickness:

- 85)0.001333

- 85)0.005208

- 90)0.002000

- 90)0.005682

- 93)0.002857

- 93)0.006098

- 95)0.004000

- 95)0.006757

B. For compressive strength and flexural strength:

- 85)0.002000

- 85)0.005208

105-21

- 90)0.003000

- 90)0.005682

- 93)0.004286

- 93)0.006098

- 95)0.006000

- 95)0.006757

3. Compute the I/DP for the process:

I/DP = (PF-1)(QR)(UP)

where: QR = Quantity Represented by the process.

UP = Unit Price bid for the Item.

The total I/DP for an element shall be computed by accumulating the individual I/DP for each process of that element.

(d) As acceptance test results become available, they will be used to calculate accumulated QL and Incentive and Disincentive Payments (I/DP) for each element and for the item. The Contractor’s test results, and the accumulated calculations shall be made available to the Engineer upon request. The Engineer’s test results, and the calculations will be made available to the Contractor as early as reasonably practical. Numbers from the calculations shall be carried to significant figures and rounded according to AASHTO Standard Recommended Practice R-11, Rounding Method.

I/DP will be made to the Contractor per subsection 412.24(a). During production, interim I/DP will be computed for information only. The Pn will change as production continues and test results accumulate. The Pn at the time and I/DP is computed shall determine the formula to be used.

(e) The Contractor shall not have the option of accepting a price reduction or disincentive in lieu of producing specification material. Continued production of non-specification material will not be permitted. Material that is obviously defective may be isolated and rejected without regard to sampling sequence or location within a process.

(f) When compressive strength is indicated, the Contractor may take cores at his own expense and per Colorado Procedure 65 to provide an alternative determination of strength to replace acceptance test results with a compressive strength less than 4,500 psi. The higher value of the 28-day compressive strength of acceptance cylinders or the corresponding core’s compressive strength will be used for I/DP.

105-22

When flexural strength is indicated in the Contract, the Contractor shall, in the presence of the Engineer, develop a correlation curve during the first week of concrete placement per AASHTO T198 (ASTM C496) Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens. At least three splitting tensile strength specimens and four flexural strength specimens will be tested at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. The splitting tensile strength and flexural strength specimens for each age used to develop the correlation curve shall be cast from the same batch of concrete being placed on the project.

When flexural strength is indicated, the Contractor may take cores at his own expense…