Specifications.pdf

PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS FOR

THOMSEN/STERWALD EWPP-FPE SITES

NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE

JEFFERSON COUNTY, WI

Prepared By:

MSA Professional Services, Inc.

2901 International Lane, Suite 300

Madison, WI 53704

Thomsen/Sterwald EWPP-FPE Sites Page 1

PROJECT SPECIFICTIONS FOR

THOMSEN/STERWALD EWPP-FPE SITES

NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE

JEFFERSON COUNTY, WI

CONTENTS AND PROJECT MANUAL INDEX

DESCRIPTION # OF PAGES

Title Page 1 Contents and Project Specifications Index 1

PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS

Section 0.01 – Work Restrictions and Provisions 4 Section 0.02 – Special Procedures 3 Section 0.03 – Seeding 3

WISCONSIN CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS

Section 1 – Clearing 2 Section 2 – Excavation 2 Section 3 – Earthfill 3 Section 7 - Mobilization and Demobilization 1 Section 13 – Geotextiles 5 Section 26 – Topsoil 2 Section 44 – Corrugated Polyethylene Tubing 3

0.01 WORK RESTRICTIONS AND PROVISIONS

PART 1 GENERAL

1.01 APPLICABLE PUBLICATIONS

A. The following publications of the issues listed below, but referred to thereafter by basic designation only, form a part of this specification to the extent indicated by the reference thereto.

1. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) for Streets and

Highways, current edition. (Available online at http://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/)

2. USDA – NRCS Wisconsin Section IV Technical Guide – Wisconsin

Construction Specifications. (Available online at http://www.wi.nrcs.usda.gov/technical/)

PART 2 PRODUCTS AND MATERIALS (N/A)

PART 3 CONSTRUCTION METHODS

3.01 EXAMINATIONS

A. Contractor shall obtain complete data at the site and inspect surfaces that are to receive the work before proceeding with assembling, fitting or erecting his work under this contract. The Contractor shall notify the NRCS Contracting Officer (CO) in writing in the case of discrepancies between existing work and drawings, and of any defects in surfaces that are to receive the Contractor’s work. The CO will provide the remedy of applicable surfaces.

B. Information pertaining to existing conditions that appear on the drawings is based on available records. While such data has been collected with reasonable care, there is no expressed or implied guarantee that conditions so indicated are entirely representative of those actually existing or that unexpected developments may not occur. All data included was provided to assist the Contractor in the investigation of conditions. The Contractor is responsible for the interpretation of the data provided.

C. The Contractor shall become acquainted with the location of underground service, utilities, structures, etc., which may be encountered or be affected by the Contractor’s work, and shall be responsible for any damage caused by neglect to provide proper precautions or protection.

D. Utility Locations. Contractor shall be responsible for locating and verifying all utilities on the project and also all relocations where necessary. Typically the utilities require the request for locate be made a minimum of three working days before the Contractor begins work in the area. The utilities shown on the contract drawings are approximate in location, depth, number, and type.

E. Contractor shall verify grades, lines, levels, locations, and dimensions as shown on drawings and report any errors or inconsistencies to the NRCS Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative (COTR) before commencing work. Starting of work by the Contractor shall imply acceptance of existing conditions.

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3.02 STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Contractor or the Contractor’s authorized representative must be present to accept delivery of all equipment and material shipments.

B. No material or equipment shall be removed from the construction sites without the approval of the CO.

C. Contractor shall confine all operations, equipment, apparatus, and storage of materials to the immediate area of work to the greatest possible extent. Contractor shall ascertain, observe, and comply with all rules and regulations in effect on the project site, including, but not limited to parking and traffic regulations, use of walks, security restrictions and hours of allowable ingress and egress.

D. The storage of materials on the sites shall be in the staging area.

1. All materials affected by moisture shall be stored on platforms and protected from the weather in accordance with manufacturer recommendations.

2. Should it be necessary at any time to move material storage platforms, the

Contractors shall move same at the Contractor’s expense.

3. Areas used for storage of materials shall be repaired and restored by the

Contractor.

E. The Contractor shall assume full responsibility for damage due to the storage of materials.

F. During the construction of this project, materials, storage areas, and earth stockpiles shall be located so as not to interfere with the installation of the utilities nor cause damage to existing structures or utilities.

3.03 WORK RESTRICTIONS AND PROVISIONS

A. Notification. The Contractor shall notify the COTR 24 hours in advance of beginning work. Notice must also be given to the COTR for each subsequent day the Contractor will be working.

B. Removal and replacement of work applied to defective surfaces, in order to correct defects, shall be done at the expense of the Contractor who applied work to defective surfaces.

C. Access to Work. Representatives of Natural Resources Conservation Service shall have access to the work and on-site records at all times.

D. Project Log. A project log shall be maintained showing daily progress of work.

Contracting Officer and COTR shall have access to this logbook and the project schedule at all times.

E. Existing pipes, electrical work, and all other utilities encountered, which may interfere with new work, shall be rerouted, capped, cut off, or replaced by the Contractor.

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F. Dust and Noise. Contractor shall make an effort to keep dust and noise to a minimum during construction. The dispersion of dust from construction related activities shall, until acceptance of work, be minimized by the application of water.

G. Contractor shall confine equipment, apparatus, storage of materials and operations to the staging area and shall not bring material onto the site until they are needed for the progress of the work.

H. Cleaning. Contractor shall be responsible for all cleaning required within the technical sections of the specifications governing work under the Contractor’s jurisdiction as well as for keeping all work areas, passageways, and all other areas of the premises free of rubbish, debris and scrap which may be caused by the Contractor’s operations or that of the Subcontractors.

1. Remove rubbish, debris, and scrap promptly upon its accumulation and in no event later than the end of each week.

2. Combustible waste shall be removed immediately or stored in fire resistive containers until disposed of in an approved manner.

3. Spillage of oil, grease, or other liquids which could cause a slippery or otherwise hazardous situation or stain a finished surface, shall be cleaned up immediately.

4. Dust, dirt, and other foreign matter shall be removed completely from all internal surfaces of all mechanical and electrical units, cabinets, ducts, pipes, etc.

5. Dirt, soil, fingerprints, stains and the like, shall be completely removed from all exposed finished surfaces.

6. If rubbish and debris is not removed, or surfaces cleaned as specified above, NRCS reserves the right to have said work done by others and the related cost(s) will be deducted from monies due the Contractor.

I. Disposal of Demolished Materials. Remove from the site all debris, rubbish, and other materials resulting from demolition operations. Storage of removed materials will not be permitted on the site. If burning is allowed, the Contractor shall obtain all required permits.

3.04 OPERATION AND PROTECTION

A. Traffic Control. The Contractor shall meet the requirements for traffic control in accordance with the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices.

B. All structures and equipment shall be constructed, installed, and operated with guards, controls, and other devices in place.

C. Construction Staking. NRCS will supply all line and grade staking necessary for construction. The Contractor shall be responsible for replacement of any stakes negligently disturbed.

D. The Contractor shall provide protection as follows:

1. Protection. The Contractor shall provide and maintain proper barricades, fences, signal lights, or watchmen to properly protect the work, persons, animal and property against injury. The cost of protection shall be incidental to the contract and no extra payment will be allowed.

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2. Provide, erect, and maintain all required barricades, guard rails, temporary walkways, etc., of sufficient size and strength necessary for protection of stored material and equipment; adjacent to or within project area; adjoining property and the building(s) as well as to prevent accidents to the public and the workmen at the job site.

3. Provide and maintain proper shoring and bracing for existing underground utilities encountered during excavation work, to protect them from collapse or other type of damage until such time as they are to be removed, incorporated into the new work, or can be properly backfilled upon completion of new work.

4. Provide protection against rain, snow, wind, ice, storms or heat so as to maintain all work, materials, apparatus, and fixtures, incorporated in the work or stored on the site, free from injury or damage. At the end of the day’s work, cover all new work likely to be damaged. Remove snow and ice as necessary for safety and proper execution of the work.

5. Protect the building and foundations from damage at all times from rain and groundwater. Provide all equipment and enclosures as necessary to provide this protection.

6. Protect materials, work, and equipment, not normally covered by above protection, until construction proceeds to a point where the general building protection of the area where located, dispenses with the necessity therefore.

Protect work outside of the building lines such as trenches and open excavations, as specified above.

7. Take any and all necessary precautions to protect sites as well as adjacent property, including trees, shrubs, buildings, sanitary sewers, water piping, gas piping, electric conduit or cable, etc., from any and all damage which may result due to work on this project.

8. Repair work outside of property line in accordance with the requirements of the authority having jurisdiction.

9. Repair any work damaged by failure to provide proper and adequate protection to its original state.

10. Tree Protection. Trees shall be protected from damage and scarring. Do not injure trunks, branches, or roots of trees that are to remain. No trees shall be removed without the approval of the COTR. Tree branches in the way of construction operations shall be carefully pruned prior to construction.

Do cutting and trimming only as approved by the COTR. Do not operate equipment or vehicles within the dripline of a tree to be preserved. Any roots exposed during construction shall be cut clean. Ripping of the roots with excavation equipment shall not be allowed.

11. All survey monuments, property stakes, etc., which are encountered during the construction are to be preserved and undisturbed. The CO shall be notified of all such items immediately upon discovery. Failure to preserve such monuments will not be allowed and replacement shall be at the Contractor’s expense.

END OF SECTION

0.02 SPECIAL PROCEDURES

CONTENTS: Work under this section is intended to supplement and/or modify the individual specifications. This section does not relieve the Contractor from fulfilling all items in said sections.

The numbers of this section are referenced to those of USDA – NRCS – Wisconsin Section IV Technical Guide Wisconsin Construction Specifications.

The Special Procedures items will supplement or supersede the standard specifications. The number preceding special provisions refers to standard specifications that are being referenced.

PERMITS

The Contractor shall comply in all ways with the requirements of the WDNR Chapter 30 Water Quality Certification permit obtained by NRCS, a copy of which will be provided to the contractor.

TILE EXPLORATION

Description of Work

Tile Exploration shall be conducted to a depth of 5-feet.

Measurement and Payment

Tile Exploration shall be measured to the nearest lineal foot and paid for at the contract unit price per lineal foot of Tile Exploration.

TILE REMOVAL

Description of Work

Tile Removal shall be performed to the typical lengths shown for each area of the site. All tile shall be deposited in the trench prior to backfilling or removed from the site. No tile shall be left upon the ground surface.

Measurement and Payment

Tile Removal shall be measured to the nearest lineal foot and paid for at the contract unit price per lineal foot of Tile Removal.

SITE EROSION CONTROL

Description of Work

Site Erosion Control shall include the installation, maintenance, and removal of erosion control measures shown on the plans.

Stone Tracking Pad shall be established and maintained in accordance with WDNR Conservation Practice Standard 1057 (available online at http://dnr.wi.gov/runoff/stormwater/techstds.htm) The aggregate for stone tracking pad shall be 3- to 6-inch clear or washed stone. All material shall be retained on a 3—inch sieve.

Measurement and Payment

Site Erosion Control shall be paid for at the contract lump sum price for Site Erosion Control.

WISCONSIN CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS

SECTION 1 CLEARING

In the ditch fill areas, clearing and grubbing shall not be measured for payment but shall be incidental to Ditch Fill.

SECTION 2 EXCAVATION

Excavation shall not be measured for payment but shall be incidental to Ditch Fill.

SECTION 3 EARTHFILL

Measurement and Payment

The plan quantity for Ditch Fill was calculated using Eagle Point software to measure the ditch fill constructed to the cross section indicated. No shrink or swell allowances were used. Wetland scrape areas shown on the plans are approximate and were sized using an average depth of excavation of 18-inches.

Earthfill shall be measured to the nearest lineal foot placed in the ditch and paid for at the contract unit price per lineal foot of Ditch Fill. Payment shall include all labor, materials, equipment and tools necessary to: clear and grub trees and brush from the ditch fill and wetland scrape areas; strip and stockpile topsoil from the scrape areas, excavate scrape areas; place ditch fill; and respread topsoil in the scrape areas.

SECTION 7 MOBILIZATION AND DEMOBILIZATION

Measurement and Payment

Mobilization and Demobilization shall be paid for at the contract lump sum price for Mobilization.

SECTION 13 GEOTEXTILES

Geotextile fabric for Stone Tracking Pad shall comply with the following physical properties:

Test Method Value

Grab Tensile Strength, lbs ASTM D 4632 200 min.

Puncture Strength, lbs ASTM D 4833 80 min.

Apparent Breaking Elongation, Percent ASTM D 4632 20 min.

Apparent Opening Size, U.S. Standard Sieve ASTM D 4751 30 max.

Permittivity, SEC-1 ASTM D 4491 0.12 min.

Measurement and Payment

Geotextiles shall not be measured for payment but shall be incidental to Site Erosion Control.

SECTION 14 TOPSOILING

Measurement and Payment

Topsoiling shall not be measured for payment but shall be incidental to Ditch Fill.

SECTION 44 CORRUGATED POLYETHYLENE TUBING

The solid pipe replacement for existing field tile shall be solid non-perforated single wall corrugated HDPE meeting the requirements of AASHTO M252 – Type C.

The replacement pipe will be of equal or greater size than the existing field tile.

Connections between pipes of different sizes and/or materials shall be accomplished with appropriate soil tight couplings.

Durable solid pipe for tile outlet shall be:

HDPE double wall with smooth interior conforming to AASHTO M294 Type S PVC smooth plastic pipe with a SDR of 35 or less CMP corrugated metal pipe, galvanized or aluminum, minimum 16 gauge.

Remove and Replace Field Tile, 8-inch DIA. Shall be paid for at the contract unit price per lineal foot of installed pipe as measured by the COTR. Payment shall include all labor, equipment, materials and tools necessary for existing tile removal and backfill; replacement with solid pipe in a separate, parallel trench; and all pipe connections. Payment shall also include durable solid pipe and animal guard for tile outlet.

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0.03 SEEDING

1. SCOPE:

Utilizing cover crop seed within disturbed areas of the site. This work shall consist of site preparation activities, furnishing and installing the necessary vegetative material as specified below.

2. PRE-PLANTING CONFERENCE

A pre-planting conference will be held between the Contractor and the COTR to discuss the planting operation. Planting will not begin before this meeting.

3. DEFINITIONS

a. Pure live seed (PLS) - lbs. of bulk seed x % germination x % purity

b. Soil finisher – a piece of farming equipment that is generally used in the last pass of field preparation. Examples of this type of equipment include the Phillips Rotary Harrow, Salford RTS – 570 RTS, or equivalents.

c. “Traditional cultivation” methods include utilizing a high residue plow, disc, and soil finisher to prepare the soil for seeding.

d. Tined ground-driven surface cultivator – an example of this type of equipment is the M&W Dyna-Drive ground-driven surface cultivator or equivalent.

e. Drag type harrow - a short tine pull-behind harrow.

4. SOIL PREPARATION

a. Scope: The Contractor shall utilize common row crop farming cultivation equipment and practices to establish a firm, non-compacted, smooth seed bed in the upper 2 to 4 inches of the top soil. Exposed mineral soil surface covering greater than 75% of the seeding area (less than 25% remaining crop residue) at any random location.

b. Seedbed preparation shall be completed immediately after construction.

5. SEED PLANTING MATERIALS

a. Seed Mix Standards

i. The Contractor shall be responsible for acquiring, purchasing, and delivering the specified seed to the Project area.

ii. Seed shall be purchased as Pure Live Seed (PLS)

iii. Seed shall be clean and free of debris and/or weed seed

iv. Prior to seeding, Contractor shall provide all seed tags to the COTR. Seed tags shall include the following information; Botanical and common names, composition of seed mix by PLS, percentage of purity and germination, weed seed species percentage and composition, year of production and date of packaging, and source of seed including contact information of supplier.

b. Approved seed mixes:

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Disturbed Area Seed Mix

Genus & Species Name Common Name Seeding Rate oz/acre PLS

Lolium multiflorum Annual Ryegrass 150

Agrostis Alba Redtop 50

Phleum Piatense Timothy 100

Trifolium Hybridum Aslike Clover 50

Elymus Virginicus Virginia Wild Rye 100

6. SEED SOWING ACTIVITIES

a. Scope: Utilizing seeding equipment and methods described in this section to seed native vegetative species within the Project area.

b. Seeding Standards

i. Contractor shall demonstrate their understanding of the location and seed mix type to be sown within each specific location in accordance to the Planting Plan.

ii. Prior to seeding, the Contractor shall verify soil preparations have been completed according to specifications.

iii. Seed shall be lightly covered with native soil. Planting depth shall not exceed 0.25 inches.

iv. Seed shall be sown with broadcast type equipment.

v. Seeding shall be completed within two weeks after the end of construction.

c. Sowing or Planting Equipment

i. Equipment Standards

1. All equipment shall be clean of seed, soil, and fertilizer residue prior to entering Project area.

2. Equipment shall be calibrated and in good working condition.

3. Seed shall be sown with slight overlap on edges of broadcast width.

4. Operator shall be familiar with the equipment operations and have clear understanding of the Planting Plan. The Operator shall have a minimum of 40 hours experience operating the same or similar equipment.

ii. Air-flow type boom or spreading broadcaster (large equipment)

1. Equipment shall have capability to broadcast grass seed and pelletized limestone or potash carrier evenly.

2. Pelletized limestone carrier shall be mixed and broadcast at rate of 300 lbs/acre.

3. Potash carrier shall be mixed and broadcast at a rate of 150 lbs/acre.

4. Broadcasting equipment shall have GPS containing Planting Plan layout/coordinates.

5. All seed shall be final passed immediately following broadcast seeding with a brillion type roller or cultipacker.

iii. Tractor mounted “tub” broadcaster (smaller equipment)

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1. Equipment shall have capability to broadcast native grass seed evenly.

2. Short spiked fix tooth drag harrow shall be pulled behind implement that covers broadcast width.

3. All seed shall be final passed immediately following broadcast seeding with a brillion type roller, or cultipacker.

7. QUALITY CONTROL

a. Quality control is understood to mean taking those measures necessary to ensure that the seeding occurs as described in the plans and specifications. The COTR shall be responsible for final quality control certification.

b. The Contractor is responsible for ensuring the seeding crew adheres to the expected standards of performance and shall provide daily/routine work direction.

c. Quality control will be reviewed during the “pre-planting” conference. In addition, the COTR will be available during the first day of seeding and will visit the site during seeding. The COTR will not serve as daily inspectors. It is the responsibility of the Contractor to provide day-to-day oversight of the planting crews.

8. POST PLANTING MAINTENANCE

No post planting maintenance is required.

9. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

a. Seeding will be measured to the nearest one-tenth acre and paid at the contract unit price per acre for Disturbed Area Seeding. Payment will include all labor, plants, materials, equipment, and tools. Seed bed preparation shall be incidental to seeding.

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Thomsen/Sterwald

EWPP-FPE SITES

APPLICABLE WISCONSIN CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS

Section 1 Clearing

Section 2 Excavation

Section 3 Earthfill

Section 7 Mobilization and Demobilization

Section 13 Geotextiles

Section 26 Topsoiling

Section 44 Corrugated Polyethylene Tubing

NOTE: Where the term Technician is used throughout the solicitation and resultant contract, this term shall mean Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative (COTR)

***ONLY THE CONTRACTING OFFICER CAN DIRECT THE CONTRACTOR***

WISCONSIN CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATION

1. CLEARING

1. SCOPE

The work shall consist of the clearing and disposal of trees, snags, logs, brush, shrubs, stumps, and rubbish from the designated areas.

2. MARKING

The limits of the areas to be cleared will be marked by means of stakes, flags, tree markings, or other suitable methods. Trees to be left standing and uninjured will be designated by special markings placed on the trunks at a height of about 6 feet above the ground surface.

3. PROTECTION OF EXISTING VEGETATION

Trees and other woody vegetation designated to remain undisturbed shall be protected from damage throughout the entire construction period. Any damage resulting from the Contractor's operations or neglect shall be repaired by the Contractor.

Earthfill, stockpiling of materials, vehicular parking, and excessive foot or vehicular traffic shall not be allowed within the dripline of vegetation designated to remain in place.

Vegetation damaged by any of these or similar actions shall be replaced with viable vegetation of the same species.

Any cuts, skins, scrapes, or bruises to the bark of the vegetation shall be carefully trimmed and local nursery accepted procedures used to seal damaged bark.

Any limbs or branches 0.5-inch or larger in diameter that are broken, severed, or otherwise seriously damaged during construction shall be cut off at the base of the damaged limb or branch flush with the adjacent limb or tree trunk.

All roots 1 inch or larger in diameter that are cut, broken, or otherwise severed during construction operations shall have the end smoothly cut perpendicular to the root. Roots exposed during excavation or other operations shall be covered with moist earth and/or backfilled as soon as possible to prevent them from drying.

4. CLEARING

Trees, brush, shrubs, stumps, and other woody growth shall be cleared to a height not exceeding 12 inches above the ground surface. Such growth may be cleared by cutting, pulling, grubbing, or other approved methods.

Trees shall be felled in such a manner as to avoid damage to trees that are to be left standing, existing structures, utilities, and with regard for the safety of persons.

When the designated areas to be cleared include borrow areas and/or areas upon which improvements are to be constructed, the required grubbing of stumps, roots, and other objectionable material in these areas shall be a part of this specification. The grubbing shall consist of the removal of all stumps, roots of 1 inch in diameter or larger, buried logs, and other objectionable material to a minimum depth of 2 feet below a structure subgrade and 1 foot below an embankment foundation.

5. SITE EROSION CONTROL

Measures shall be installed, or the work performed in a manner that will minimize site erosion, and the production of sediment. Protective measures shall include but are not limited to diversions, waterways, seeding, mulching, sediment basins, and silt fences.

6. DISPOSAL

All materials cleared from the designated areas shall be burned or buried at approved locations or otherwise removed from the site. Buried materials shall be covered with a minimum of 2 feet of earthfill (including any topsoil added for seeding).

The Contractor is responsible for complying with all rules and regulations for disposal at locations away from the construction site or for the burning of cleared materials.

2. EXCAVATION

1. SCOPE

The work shall consist of the excavation of all materials necessary for the construction of the work.

2. USE OF EXCAVATED MATERIALS

To the extent that they are needed, all suitable materials removed from the specified excavations shall be used in the construction of the required earthfill. The suitability of materials for specific purposes will be determined by the Technician. The Contractor shall not waste or otherwise dispose of suitable excavated materials.

3. DISPOSAL OF WASTE MATERIALS

All surplus or unsuitable excavated materials will be designated as waste and shall be disposed of at the locations shown on the drawings or as approved by the Technician.

Waste materials shall not be placed in wetlands.

Material placed in designated waste disposal areas shall be left in a neat and sightly condition and sloped to provide positive drainage. Compaction of the waste materials will not be required unless specified by the construction plans.

Waste material excavated from channels may be deposited in leveled spoilbanks or areas adjacent to the channel work (if permissible). The shape and slopes of the spoilbanks shall be indicated on the drawings or as approved by the Technician. Spoil piles shall be located a minimum of 12 feet from the top of the channel side slope.

Spoil piles or disposal areas shall be protected to minimize site erosion and the production of sediment. Protective measures may include but are not limited to diversions, seeding, mulching, sediment basins, and silt fences.

4. SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURE AND TRENCH EXCAVATION

The required dimensions and side slopes of all structure and trench excavations shall be as shown on the drawings.

Excavation beyond the limits of the specified lines and grades shall be corrected by filling the resulting voids with approved compacted materials.

Excavation for the installation of pipes shall follow the practices contained in the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Subpart P, Excavation, of 29 CFR 1926.650, .651 and .652.

Side slopes shall be excavated or braced to safeguard the work and workers. When bracing or supporting is required, the width of the excavation shall be adjusted to allow for the space occupied by the sheeting, bracing, or other supporting installations. The Contractor shall furnish, place, and subsequently remove such supporting installations.

5. REMOVAL OF WATER

The Contractor shall construct and maintain all necessary cofferdams, channels, flumes, pumping equipment, and/or other temporary diversion and protective work for dewatering the various parts of the work. Foundations, cutoff trenches, and other parts of the work shall be maintained free from water as required for constructing each part of the work. After having served their purpose, all cofferdams and other temporary protective works shall be removed, or leveled to give a sightly appearance and so as not to interfere in any way with the operation, usefulness, or stability of the permanent structure.

6. BORROW EXCAVATION

When the quantities of suitable materials obtained from specified excavations are insufficient to construct the specified fill portions of the permanent works, additional materials shall be obtained from the designated borrow areas.

When shown on the drawings, sediment basins, terraces, diversions, or other measures shall be constructed to protect the borrow areas from erosion and retain sediment within the borrow area.

The upper six (6) inches shall be stripped from all borrow areas. This stripping shall be performed immediately prior to use of the borrow material to reduce the time the area is exposed to erosion. For large borrow areas, only a portion of the area should be stripped at a time. This material shall be redistributed over the area from which it came after borrow excavation is completed.

The extent of excavation and the selection of materials from the borrow area shall be as directed by the Technician. On completion of excavation, all borrow pits shall be left in a neat and sightly condition. All borrow areas shall be graded to blend with existing topography and sloped to prevent ponding and provide positive drainage.

3. EARTHFILL

1. SCOPE

The work shall consist of placing the earthfill required by the drawings. This specification does not apply to the earthfill required for waste storage facilities.

2. MATERIALS

All fill materials shall be obtained from required excavations and designated borrow areas. The selection, blending, routing, and disposition of materials in the various fills shall be subject to approval by Technician.

Fill materials shall contain no sod, brush, roots, frozen soil, or other perishable materials.

Stones larger than two-thirds of the uncompacted layer thickness shall be removed from the materials prior to compaction of the fill.

3. FOUNDATION PREPARATION

The foundation area shall be cleared of trees, stumps, roots, brush, rubbish, and stones having a maximum dimension greater than six (6) inches. Foundations shall be stripped to remove vegetation and other unsuitable materials or to the depth shown on the drawings, whichever is greater. Topsoil shall be stripped from the foundation area and stockpiled for use as a top dressing for vegetation establishment unless otherwise shown on the drawings.

Earth foundations shall be graded to remove surface irregularities and slopes steeper than 1:1.

The foundation surfaces shall be scarified parallel to the centerline of the fill to a minimum depth of 2 inches. The moisture content of the scarified materials shall be maintained as specified for the earthfill. The surface materials of the foundation shall be compacted and bonded with the first layer of earthfill as specified for subsequent layers of earthfill.

4. PLACEMENT

Fill shall not be placed until the required excavation and preparation of the underlying foundation is completed and inspected and approved by the Technician. No fill shall be placed upon a frozen surface nor shall snow, ice, or frozen material be incorporated in the fill.

Fill shall be placed in approximately horizontal layers beginning at the lowest elevation of the foundation. The thickness of each layer of fill prior to compaction shall be as specified in Table

1. Materials placed by dumping in piles or windrows shall be spread uniformly to not more than the specified layer thickness prior to compaction.

Adjacent to structures, earthfill shall be placed in 4-inch lifts (prior to compaction) in a manner adequate to prevent damage to the structure and to allow the structure to gradually and uniformly assume the backfill loads.

The height of the fill shall be increased at approximately the same rate on all sides of the structure.

Placement of fill adjacent to concrete structures may begin after the concrete has cured for the minimum time specified.

Earthfill in dams, levees, and other structures designed to impound water shall be placed to meet the following additional requirements:

a. The distribution of materials throughout each zone shall be essentially uniform, and the fill shall be free from lenses, pockets, streaks, or layers of material differing substantially in texture, moisture content, or gradation from the surrounding material.

b. The embankment top shall be maintained approximately level during construction except for sectional construction as described in Section 7.

c. Dam embankments shall be constructed in continuous layers from abutment to abutment, except where openings to facilitate construction or to allow passage of stream flow during construction are specified.

d. If the surface of any layer becomes too hard and smooth to achieve a suitable bond with the succeeding layer, it shall be scarified parallel to the axis of the fill to a depth of not less than 2 inches before the next layer is placed.

5. CONTROL OF MOISTURE CONTENT

Fill materials shall have a moisture content sufficient to insure the required compaction. When kneaded in the hand, the soil will form a ball which does not readily separate and will not extrude out of the hand when squeezed tightly. The adequacy of the moisture content will be determined by the Technician.

Fill material or the top surface of the preceding layer of compacted fill that becomes too dry to permit suitable bond shall either be removed or scarified and wetted by sprinkling to an acceptable moisture content prior to placement of the next layer of fill.

Fill material that is too wet when deposited or the top surface of the preceding layer of compacted fill that becomes too wet shall be either removed or allowed to dry to an acceptable moisture content before compaction or placing additional layers of fill.

6. COMPACTION

The Contractor shall furnish and operate the types and kinds of equipment necessary to compact the fill materials.

Unless otherwise specified on the plans or approved by the Technician, compaction requirements for each layer of fill material are as shown in Table 1.

Each pass shall consist of at least one complete coverage by the wheel, track, or roller over the entire surface of the fill layer in a direction parallel to the main axis of the fill.

Adjacent to structures or in confined areas, compaction of the fill shall be accomplished by means of manually directed power tampers or plate vibrators or hand tamping, unless otherwise specified. The Technician shall determine if adequate compaction is being achieved. Heavy equipment shall not be operated within 2 feet of any structure. Compaction by means of drop weights operating from a crane or hoist of any type will not be permitted.

7. SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SECTIONAL CONSTRUCTION OF EMBANKMENTS

When sectional (or phase) construction of embankments is authorized, the work shall be accomplished in the following manner:

Each section of the embankment that is constructed in the first phase shall be so placed that a slope not steeper than 3 feet horizontal to 1 foot vertical is maintained at the end of the embankment section adjacent to the gap in construction or closure section.

Prior to placement of the closure sections, the surfaces of completed fills and excavations that will be in contact with the closure shall be stripped of all loose material, scarified, moistened, and recompacted as necessary.

Table 1 - Equipment Compaction Requirements

Equipment Type Applicable Soils

Maximum Fill

Height

(feet)

Layer

Thickness

(inches)

Minimum

Passes

Sheepsfoot roller (10,000

lb. min. operating weight)

ML, MH, CL, CH or SM, SC, GM, GC with >20% fines None 9 1

Vibratory tamping roller (9,000 lb. min. operating weight)

SM, SC, GM, GC None 9 2

Rubber-tired scraper (fully loaded)

GM, GC, SM, SC, ML,

MH, CL, CH 20 9 1

Rubber-tired front end loader (fully loaded)

GM, GC, SM, SC, ML,

MH, CL, CH 20 6 1

Track-type crawler (standard tracks)

GM, GC, SM, SC, ML,

CL 10** 6 2

30,000 lb. min. SP, SW, GP, GW 6** 12 4

CL, ML, SC, SM 15

3 2 less than 30,000 lb. GM, GC, GP, GW, SM, SC, SP, SW, ML, CL 6** 6 2

Farm tractor (2,400 lb.

min.)

GM, GC, SM, SC, ML,

MH, CL, CH 15 6 2

Steel drum vibratory roller (10,000 lb. min.) SP, SW, GP, GW None** 12 2

Unified Soil Classification System.

Measured from the top of the fill to the lowest point along the centerline of the fill.

Prior to Compaction.

The Technician shall determine if adequate compaction is being achieved. Additional passes may be required.

** The fill shall not have a permanent body of water stored against it.

This method may only be used for embankments that will not have the potential for a permanent body of water stored against it that is greater than 1/4 acre in surface area or more than 6 feet deep.

7. MOBILIZATION AND DEMOBILIZATION

1. SCOPE

The work consists of the mobilization and demobilization of the Contractor's forces and equipment necessary for performing the work required.

2. EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL

Mobilization shall include:

• All activities and associated costs for transportation of the Contractor's personnel, equipment, and operating supplies to the site;

• Establishment of offices, buildings, and other necessary general facilities for the Contractor's operations at the site

• Premiums paid for performance and payment bonds including coinsurance and reinsurance agreements as applicable

• Construction and maintenance of haul roads and equipment parking areas

• Other job related items

Demobilization shall include:

• All activities and costs for transportation of personnel, equipment, and supplies not utilized in the project from the site

• Disassembly, removal, and site cleanup of offices, buildings, and other facilities assembled on the site.

• Repair of access roads, temporary haul roads, and equipment parking areas leaving the project site in the same or better condition than at the start of the project.

• General cleanup and house keeping needed to restore a neat and orderly project site.

Access to the site, equipment parking, and staging areas are limited to that shown on the drawings or as approved by the technician.

13. GEOTEXTILES

This work shall consist of furnishing all materials, equipment, and labor necessary for the installation of geotextiles.

2. MATERIALS

The class and type of geotextile shall be as shown on the drawings.

Geotextiles shall be manufactured from synthetic long chain or continuous polymeric filaments or yarns composed of at least 95 percent by weight of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, polyamide, or polyvinylidene-chloride. Fibers shall contain stabilizers and/or inhibitors to enhance its resistance to ultraviolet light. The geotextile shall be formed into a stable network of filaments or yarns that retain dimensional stability relative to each other, including selvages. The geotextile shall be free of any chemical treatment or coating that might significantly reduce its permeability and shall have no flaws or defects that significantly alter its physical properties.

Thread used for factory or field sewing shall be of a contrasting color to the fabric and made of polypropylene, polyester, or polyamide thread. The sewing thread shall have a minimum breaking strength of 28 pounds when tested in accordance to ASTM D 2256. The thread shall be as resistant to ultraviolet light as the geotextile being sewn.

Additional requirements for geotextile materials are as follows:

a. Slit Tape Geotextile

Slit tape geotextile shall conform to the physical properties listed in Table 1. The slit tape geotextile shall be manufactured from a filament that is woven. The edges of the material shall be selvaged or otherwise finished to prevent the outer filament from unraveling.

b. Woven Geotextile

Woven geotextile shall conform to the physical properties listed in TABLE 1. The woven geotextile shall be manufactured from monofilament yarn that is woven into a uniform pattern with distinct and measurable openings. The fabric shall be manufactured so that the yarns will retain their relative position with regard to each other. The edges of the material shall be selvaged or otherwise finished to prevent the outer yarn from unraveling.

c. Nonwoven Geotextile

Nonwoven geotextile shall conform to the physical properties listed in TABLE 2.

Nonwoven geotextile shall be manufactured from randomly oriented fibers that have been bonded together by needle-punching.

3. SHIPPING AND STORAGE

Geotextiles labeling, shipment, and storage shall follow ASTM D 4873. Product labels shall clearly show the manufacturer or supplier name, style name, and roll number. Each geotextile roll shall be wrapped with a material that will protect the geotextile, including the ends of the roll, from damage due to shipment, water, sunlight, and contaminants. The protective wrapping shall be maintained during periods of shipment and storage.

Prior to use, the geotextile shall be inspected and approved by the Technician, then stored in a clean, dry, place, out of direct sunlight, not subject to temperature extremes, and with the manufacturer's protective cover in place.

4. SURFACE PREPARATION

The surface on which the geotextile is to be placed shall be graded to the neat lines and grades as shown on the drawings. The surface shall be reasonably smooth and free of holes, vegetation, excessive mud, and projections. The surface preparation will be inspected and approved by the Technician prior to placing the geotextile.

5. PLACEMENT

a. General

The geotextile shall be placed on the approved, prepared surface at the locations and in accordance with the details shown on the drawings. The geotextile shall be unrolled along the placement area and loosely laid (not stretched) in such a manner that it will conform to the surface irregularities when the stone or other material is placed on or against it. The geotextile may be folded and overlapped to permit proper placement in the designated area.

No cuts, punctures, tears, or gaps in sewn or overlapped joints will be permitted in the geotextile.

The panel length shall be placed parallel to the direction of water flow, except as stated below in paragraph b. Slope Protection and d. Road Stabilization.

The geotextile panels may be joined by overlapping the roll ends 36 inches and sides a minimum of 18 inches and securing the overlap against the underlying foundation materials. The fabric shall be restrained as needed to prevent lifting and displacement during construction. Allowable restrainment methods include backfilled trenches, stitching, sandbags, rocks, and securing pins that are approved and provided by the geotextile manufacturer. The upstream or up-slope geotextile shall overlap the abutting down-slope geotextile.

The geotextile panels may be joined by machine sewing using thread described under

2. Materials. The seam shall conform to Federal Standard SSa-2, SSn-2 or SSd-2, using a minimum of 4 stitches per inch per stitch line for heavy geotextiles and a minimum of 6 stitches per inch per stitch line for light to medium geotextiles. The sewing shall consist of two parallel stitched rows spaced approximately 1 inch apart.

Federal Standard 401 stitches shall be used. All seaming and stitching of woven geotextiles shall be in the selvage. Non-woven geotextiles shall be sewn a minimum of

½ inch from the edge. In cases where wave action or multidirectional flow is anticipated, all seams perpendicular to flow shall be sewn.

The geotextile shall be restrained as needed during placement of overlying materials to prevent slippage, folding, or other movements of the geotextile.

Prior to covering, the geotextile shall be inspected by the Technician to ensure that the geotextile has not been damaged during construction. Backfill shall be placed by end dumping onto the geotextile from the edge of the geotextile or over previously placed backfill. Vehicles shall not be allowed directly on the geotextile. Materials shall be placed on the geotextile without causing tears, punctures, or separations of overlaps or sewn joints. Should such damage occur, the backfill around the damaged or displaced area will be removed and the subgrade restored to the original approved condition.

Repair of the area shall consist of a patch of the same type of geotextile overlaying the existing geotextile. The patch shall extend a minimum of 2 feet from the edge of any damaged area.

b. Slope Protection

The geotextile shall not be placed until it can be anchored and protected with the intended covering within 48 hours. Temporary cover, for protection from ultraviolet light, may be used if the 48-hour limit will be exceeded. Material will not be dropped from a height of more than 3 feet on to uncovered geotextile. In lakeshore applications, the geotextile may be unrolled parallel or perpendicular to the bank. The geotextile shall be joined by machine sewing if the panel length is placed perpendicular to the direction of water flow (wave runup).

c. Subsurface Drains

The geotextile shall not be placed until drainfill or other material can be used to cover it within the same working day. Material will not be dropped from a height of more than 5 feet on to the geotextile and sharp, angular aggregates will not be used unless the drawing details state otherwise.

d. Road Stabilization

The geotextile shall be unrolled in a direction parallel to the roadway centerline in a loose manner permitting it to conform to surface irregularities when the roadway fill material is placed on it. Overlap shall be in the direction of construction. The minimum overlap of geotextile panels joined without sewing shall be 24 inches. The geotextile may be temporarily secured with pins recommended by the manufacturer. They shall be removed prior to placement of the covering material. Slit tape geotextile shall not be used in a wet location. Material will not be dropped from a height of more than 5 feet on to uncovered geotextile.

Thomsen/Sterwald EWPP-FPE Sites Page 4

Table 1. Requirements for Woven Geotextiles by Use

1 Minimum average roll values (MARV); calculated as the mean minus two standard deviations, yielding a 95 percent confidence level that the table value will be equaled or exceeded.

2 Test Methods prepared by U. S. Army Corps of Engineers

3 U. S. Standard Sieve Size

Property Test Method

Slope Protection Road Stabilization

Unprotected (Class I)

Protected (Class II)

(Class IV) Slit Tape

Tensile Strength (lbs.)1

ASTM D

4632 Grab

Test

250 min. in any principal direction

120 min. in any principal direction

180 min. in any principal direction

200 min. in any principal direction

Bursting Strength (psi)1

ASTM D

Diaphragm Tester

480 min. 300 min. 250 min. 400 min.

Elongation at failure (Percent)1

ASTM D

4632 Grab

Test

20 max. 35 max. 35 max. 10 max.

Puncture (lbs.)

ASTM D

150 min. 60 min. 60 min. 90 min.

Ultraviolet Light (percent residual tensile strength)

ASTM D

150 hours exposure

70 min. 70 min. 70 min. 70 min.

Apparent Opening Size

(AOS)

ASTM D

≥ #100 (.150 mm) and ≤ #70 (.212 mm)

≥ #100 (.150 mm) and ≤ #70

(.212 mm) 3

≥ #100 (.150 mm) and ≤ #70 (.212 mm)

As specified or a min.

size > #50 3

Percent Open Area (POA)

CW-02215

4.0 min. 4.0 min. 1.0 min. N/A

Permittivity (1/seconds) (gal/sq.

ft./min.)

ASTM D

0.20 min.

15 min.

0.10 min.

7.5 min.

0.05 min.

3.8 min.

Thomsen/Sterwald EWPP-FPE Sites Page 5

Table 2. Requirements for Nonwoven Geotextiles by Use

Property Test Method Slope Protection Subsurfac e Drainage

Road Stabilization

Unprotected (Class I)

Protected (Class II)

(Class III) (Class IV)3

Tensile Strength (lbs.) 1

ASTM D 4632

Grab Test

180 min. 120 min. 90 min. 180 min.

Bursting Strength (psi)1

ASTM D 3786

Diaphragm

Tester

320 min. 210 min. 180 min. 250 min.

Elongation At failure(percent)1

ASTM D 4632

Grab Test

≥ 50 ≥ 50 ≥ 50 ≥ 50

Puncture(lbs.) 1 ASTM D 4833 80 min. 60 min. 40 min. 40 min.

Ultra- Violet Light(percent residual tensile strength)

ASTM D 4355

150 hours exposure

70 min. 70 min. 70 min. 70 min.

Apparent Opening Size (AOS)

ASTM D 4751 As specified or max. #40

As specified or max.

#40 2

As specified or max. #40 2

As specified or max. #40 2

Permittivity (1/seconds) (gal/sq. ft./min.)

ASTM D 4491

0.70 min.

52.5 min.

1 minimum average roll values (MARV); calculated as the mean minus two standard deviations, yielding a 95 percent confidence level that the table value will be equaled or exceeded.

2 U. S. Standard Sieve Size.

3 Heat-bonded or resin-bonded geotextile may be used.

26. TOPSOILING

The work consists of furnishing and spreading topsoil to specified depths at locations shown on the drawings. This specification does not apply to any other earthfill.

2. MATERIALS

Topsoil shall consist of naturally occurring friable surface soil reasonably free of grass, roots, weeds, sticks, rocks, other unsuitable material, herbicides, or other compounds whose presence would prevent establishment of grass and/or legume sod cover.

Topsoil shall be obtained from soil surfaces containing USDA soil textural classifications of loam, sandy loam, silt loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay loam, or clay loam soils shown on the drawings or acceptable to the Technician.

Topsoil shall:

• be salvaged from designated areas that will be disturbed by construction activities or be furnished from an offsite source designated by the Contractor.