ATch 3 Drawings and Specs.pdf

Wambaw Cycle Trail Assessment 3

#3 #1

#2 #4

#6

#7

#8

#5

Trail Map of North and South Loops of the Wambaw Cycle Trail

Sites assessed in this report correspond to the yellow boxes numbered 1 through 8.

bliles Cross-Out

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Wambaw Cycle Trail Summary of Sites Under Assessment

Site # Current Condition

Site Description Recommended Prescription Summary

Location/Access

1 Poor North Loop Degraded area

Re-grading, ditching, de-berming, install 3’Wx12’L arched culvert

Along Halway Creek Road North of FS Rd 219

2 Very Poor North Loop Highly braided and degraded area

Extensive trail closures, reha-bilitation, de-berming, tree removal, install closure posts

Above (north of) FS RD 200/154A

3 Good North Loop Site problems have been rectified

None Close to the junction of 45 and Halfway Creek Roads

4 Poor North Loop Wet spot

Build drainage basin, elevate berm, install closure posts

Close to FS RD 200

5 Good North Loop Site problems have been rectified

None Close to FS RD 200

6 Fair North Loop Poor drainage ditching, closure posts, 3x12 Arched culvert

Site is off FS RD 154

7 Very Poor South Loop Very deep and long rutted out area, holds water

Harden area with gravel and concrete block

Close to campground/main trail-head

8 Poor

South Loop Geoblock is exposed, trail has grown-in, and berms present

Resurface with clay sand mix-ture, lower/elevate Geoblock that has become displaced, brush out corridor

Off FS RD 161 and FS RD 200B bliles Sticky Note Unmarked set by bliles

Wambaw Cycle Trail Assessment 5

Site #1

Location: North Loop. Site is located near Halfway Creek Road, near junction with Highway 45. North of FS Rd 219.

Priority Level: High

Existing conditions: Site is extensively degraded.

#3 #1

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Recommendations:-

1. Install 3’x12’ arched culvert. Location marked with blue flagging and wooden stakes. Will require 12 inches of dirt fill on top of culvert. *

20 feet of ditching needed down stream of culvert.

30 feet of ditching needed uphill from culvert.

No rip rap required.

2. Remove 2 trees. Trees are marked with tape.

3. 90 feet of trail closure, which includes:-

Brushing-in area with existing brush from site (use cut trees as brush material).

No closure posts needed.

4. Remove 10 feet of berm for drainage. Location is staked and flagged.

5. Extend lower channel. Location is staked and flagged.

6. Out-slope trail tread for approximately 50 feet.

* Note: Clay soils are present at this site. Suitable fill material over arched culverts from local borrow is possible if approved by Forest Service representative.

Location of arched culvert, and ditching

30 feet of ditching

Location of arched culvert and ditching

20 feet of ditching

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90’ of closure

90’ of closure

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Trees to be removed are flagged in pink tape

90’ of trail closure

10 feet of berm removal

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Extend ditching to daylight

Extend ditching to daylight

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Outslope tread extend ditching to daylight

Outslope tread over 50 feet, tread to sheet drain

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Site #2

Location: North Loop. Site is south of FS RD 200 & 154, approximately 800 feet inland from site #4.

Priority Level: Very High

Existing conditions: Multiple braided trails. Work has been done in the past to address drain-age issues. These appear to be somewhat successful, however additional work needs to be done to close the numerous trails, continue drainage improvements and enhance trail flow.

#2 #4 #5

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Recommendations:-

1. Close and rehabilitate approximately 11 bootleg trails, totaling approximately 1,030 feet (These are flagged and staked with orange tape). Work includes:- Closure: Create mounds to block access.

Rehabilitation: Brush-in area with existing brush from site (use cut trees as brush material), obliterate berms and major ruts.

2. Install closure posts at 9 closed areas. The number of posts that are to be installed at each closed trail are written on the stakes. There are a total of 58 posts to be installed.

3. Remove 4 trees; these are flagged with flagging.

4. At existing basin and berm, increase shoulder of berm to 20’L x 3’ W, using fill from basin.

Trees marked in orange to be removed to enhance trail flow, use trees as closure material

One of the trails to be closed and posted

One area of post installation and closure

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Basin

Shoulder of berm is weak, use fill from basin to existing shoulder of berm

Area to be debermed to improve drainage

Examples of the bootleg trails to be closed and post installation

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Site #3

Location: North Loop. Site is located near Halfway Creek Road, near junction with Highway 45.

Existing conditions: Site was improved prior to our visit in November 2011.

Recommendations: Evaluate conditions over the next year. No work required at this time.

#3#1 bliles Typewritten Text Walk into site is very short, less than a 100 feet.

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Site #4

Location: North Loop. Close to FS RD 200 and FS RD 154. Site is 40’ off of road.

Priority Level: Moderate

Existing conditions: Wet area. Some site work already done, including construction of a 40’ long berm and a shallow drainage basin.

Recommendations:

Increase existing drainage basin to 2 feet deep x 15 feet long x 10 wide.

Elevate existing berm an additional 12” using fill from excavated basin.

Install 8 closure posts at excavated basin to deter OHV’s from entering basin. Exact location to be determined by COR.

#4#5

Existing elevated berm

Existing drainage basin

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Orange flag on stake represents one end of bermed area.

Orange flag on stake represents other end of bermed area, berm to be elevated along its length another 12”

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Approximate areas where closure posts to be installed

Approximate location of basin to be excavated

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Site #5

Location: North Loop. Site is close to FS RD 200, between Sites 2 and 4.

Existing conditions: Site was improved prior to our visit in November 2011.

Recommendations: Evaluate conditions over the next year. No work required at this time.

#4 #5

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Site #6

Location: North Loop. Site is a short walk in from FS RD 154.

Priority Level: Low

Existing conditions: Area has area poor drainage across the trail, however this area does not appear to be as high priority as the other five sites.

#6

#7

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Recommendations:

There are two options for addressing the drainage issues at site #6.

Option 1: Shape trail tread to drain Clean out existing trench from culvert to trail.

Lower center of tread.

Create a deep drainage basin to capture water as it drains across trail.

Install 4 closure posts at entry to basin to prevent OHV’s from entering basin area.

Clean out culvert at road - remove small sapling and debris from culvert entry.

Culvert at road side requiring cleaning up

Start of area to be ditched

Trail

End of area to be ditched

Cross-Out

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Option 2: Install arched culvert

Install 3’Wx12’L arched culvert. Location is marked with stake and blue flagging.

Install 22’L x 7’W x 1’ of clay-sand fill on top of culvert.

Clean out existing trench from culvert to trail.

Clean out culvert at road - remove small sapling and debris from culvert entry.

Culvert should be covered with fill dirt for an area 22’ long x 7’ wide x 1’ deep

Location of recommended arched culvert bliles Typewritten Text bliles Typewritten Text bliles Typewritten Text bliles Typewritten Text bliles Typewritten Text bliles Typewritten Text Install 4 closure posts as needed bliles Typewritten Text

Oval

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Site #7

Location: South Loop. Campground area and main trailhead, close to Slash Road.

Existing conditions: Deep rut, which holds water, has formed along trail.

Recommendations: Rut is approximately 95 feet long x 5 feet wide x 3.5 feet deep (at its’ deepest point).

1. Elevate bottom of trail tread 18 inches within rut using #4 aggregate base and mechanically compact.

2. Cover # 4 gravel with non woven geotextile fabric (see attachments for specifications).

3. Cover geotextile with 2 inches of roadbase and mechanically compact.

4. Install grass pavers (Turfstone brand from Belgard or others) on top of road base, fill chambers with additional road base, compact, add 4 inches of stone dust on top and mechanically compact. See diagram in attachments.

#6

#7

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Beginning of rut End of rut

Deepest point in rut, approximately 3.5 feet in depth

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Site #8

Location: South Loop. Site is between FS RD 161 and FS RD 200B.

Existing conditions: Trail has become grown-in, trail width has decreased from 5’ wide to 4’ wide, and occasionally to 3’ wide. The entire Geoblock surface has become exposed, and the sandy-clay infill has failed completely. Several sections of Geoblock have become raised or have sunken. There are large areas where the surfacing material has been kicked out by tires, forming berms. These berms are especially prevalent around turns.

#8

Exposed Geoblock Grown-in trail

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Recommendations:

The combined lengths of Geoblock sections of trail to be addressed is approximately 1.3 miles.

1. Brush out corridor of both older and newer sections of Geoblock.

2. 5' wide Geoblock is approx. 3,900lf long; 6.5' wide Geoblock is approx.3,000lf long.

3. The installed Geoblock is 5 feet & 6.5 feet wide, however much of its’ width has been lost when sur-facing was kicked outward forming berms. Remove/lower berms from edges of trail to return trail to original 5 and 6.5 foot widths. Berms will have to be removed manually to avoid disturbing the installed Geoblock.

4. Lower the four areas of Geoblock that have risen significantly. These are staked in the field.

5. Elevate the five areas of Geoblock that have sunken significantly. These are staked in the field.

6. Resurface approximately 1.3 mile Geoblock trail with a compacted depth of 4” of sand-clay*.

Most cells have lost at least 1/2” of fill, others have lost 1-1/4” of fill. This fill must be mechanically compacted in 2” layers. Width shall be 5' for the 5' wide Geoblock and 6.5' for the 6.5' wide Geoblock.

Fill holes and ruts adjacent to Geoblock.

*Note:

The most notable problem on this portion of trail is the obvious failure of the infill mate-rial to remain in the Geoblock cells and on the surface. The concern is that resurfacing will be a short term solution, since the soil available is extremely sandy, and thus will not remain in place. The long term solution may be frequent maintenance to brush out the corridor, remove berms, and redistribute the infill.

There are sections of previously installed Geoblock where the infill has remained intact both in the Geoblock cells, and on its’ surface. Samples of this infill should be tested for particle size and material composition, and this type infill should be used for any resur-facing.

Trail vegetation has grown in, and needs to be cleared

Typewritten Text bliles Typewritten Text

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Original Geoblock trail is 5 feet & 6.5 feet wide

5’ W

Berm on side of trail covering edge of Geoblock

Berm on side of trail covering edge of Geoblock

Elevated area of Geoblock Sunken area of Geoblock

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35 foot exposed area where OHV’s are entering boggy area

Install 15 closure posts, 2 feet apart

Example of what surfaced trail should look like from recently completed project

Example of how Geoblock trails that need resur-facing look like, with exposed cells, berms and edges grown-in and/or covered with fill bliles Cross-Out bliles Typewritten Text Not Applicable bliles Typewritten Text

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Attachments

DIVISION 1 – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

01010 - SUMMARY OF WORK

A. Work covered by Contract Documents

In accordance with the contract provisions, the Contractor is to provide the complete construction of the Wambaw Cycle Trail Repair and related site work in accordance with the drawings, specifications, and other provisions of the contract. Work items shall consist of the following:

1. Work shall include items described in the Schedule of Items and contract documents including minor clearing, grading, fill material, compaction, re-alignment of Geoblock panels, closure posts, minor ditching, arched culverts, and block pavers.

01040 - COORDINATION

A. Sections of trail shall be closed to the public where work is being performed. Contractor shall close sections of trail at main intersections so as not to create a “dead end”.

Closure methods shall include orange netting installed across the trail, existing gates, or other suitable method as approved by the COR. Each closure site shall be signed indicating the trail is temporarily closed for construction. Location of trail closures shall be approved by the COR.

01300 - SUBMITTALS

A. The Contractor shall be required to furnish submittals on items he intends to use other than the brand names listed in the specifications. Design modifications to accommodate these items will be the responsibility of the Contractor and no additional compensation shall be allowed for those modifications. Submittals shall be made fifteen (15) days prior to commencing any work that relates to respective submittal. Submittals shall include:

1. Three (3) copies of each submittal

2. Product name and model number

3. Manufacturer

4. Product description

5. Technical data

6. Warranty

01500 - TEMPORARY FACILITIES

A. No electricity is available in the immediate vicinity of the job sites. The Contractor shall provide for any temporary power service needed. Water and sanitary facilities are not available at the job site. Contractor shall provide his own water and sanitary facilities.

DIVISION 2 – SITE WORK

02200 - SITE WORK

PART 1 - GENERAL

A. This section covers all required site work for the trail repairs as specified in the contract documents including minor clearing, grading, fill material, compaction, re-alignment of Geoblock panels, closure posts, minor ditching, arched culverts, and block pavers.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

A. Sandy-clay Mixture Fill Material

1. Borrow material required shall be obtained by the Contractor and shall consist of a sandy-clay mixture as approved by the COR.

2. The material shall be free from organic vegetative matter.

3. The maximum size of any particle shall not be greater than 1” in diameter.

4. Oversize material may either be removed or broken down to the specified dimension.

5. The removal or the breakdown of oversize material to the specified size shall be done at the material source.

6. All fill material shall be compacted with mechanical or hand rollers (500 lb min).

B. Granular Fill

1. #4 aggregate – (2” dia. washed stone) - Obtain from local source.

2. Road Base – FLBC – Obtain from local source.

3. Screenings or Stone Dust – Obtain from local source.

C. Geotextile

1. Geotextile material shall be Geotex 401, non-woven, as manufactured Propex Operating Company, or equal.

D. Arched Culverts

1. Arched culverts (half culverts) shall be as manufactured by Storm Tech Chambers, or equal. Size as specified.

E. Grass Pavers

1. Grass pavers shall be Belgard Turfstone Grass Pavers, or equal. Size as specified.

F. Trail Closure Posts and Signs

1. Posts – Posts shall be U channel, galvanized, 8’-0” long minimum.

2. Reflective Signs – Reflective signs shall be 6” x12”, 0.08 thick aluminum with yellow engineering grade reflective sheeting.

3. Hardware – Hardware shall be vandal proof bolts, 5/16”, galvanized, as provided by the steel post supplier.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

A. The contractor shall supply all fill material.

B. Trees to be removed shall be cut 2” below surrounding grade.

C. Clearing debris shall be placed to block illegal trails as noted at each site location.

D. Existing Geoblock

1. If it is necessary to remove portions of the existing geoblock to make grade or alignment corrections, then the geoblock shall be separated by removing the screws attaching the panels together. Upon completion of the grade corrections and compaction of the subgrade, the panels then shall be reinstalled using new ¼” Type 316 stainless steel screws.

2. If it necessary to cut portions of the existing geoblock to make grade or alignment corrections, then the geoblock shall be cut in neat straight lines perpendicular to the alignment of the trail. Upon completion of the grade corrections and compaction of the subgrade, the cut panels shall be reinstalled by placing the cut sections on a 8’ long x 8” wide x ¾” thick marine treated plywood and each geoblock section shall be anchored to the plywood with ¼” Type 316 stainless steel screws. The gap between the cut sections shall not exceed ½” and a minimum of 8 stainless steel screws shall be used to anchor each geoblock section to the plywood base.

E. Arched culverts, trail closure posts, and concrete grass pavers shall be installed as shown on the drawings.

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Work Sites Review and Access

It shall be the responsibility of the contractor to inspect all work sites for this project to verify all measurements and access to each site. Work sites are spread out over several miles of the trail, with varying travel times to each trail head and to each work site.

Equipment for material transport and construction shall not exceed 5’ from out side of one track to the outside of the other track.

Site access will require the Contractor to travel on or cross over existing trails; it will be the sole responsibility of the contractor to repair any damage to the trails at the contractor’s ex-pense. Contractor will restore trail to its original appearance after each site is completed, the trail will remain open during the project. All ruts from equipment shall be raked smooth, all dis-turbed areas at work sites and along trail will be naturalized with pine needles and or leaf litter collected from site.

Contractor shall not cut trees to gain access unless approved by government.

All waste shall be removed from each site and deposed of legally off of government property.

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Culverts

All culverts must be installed as per standard installation methods. Contractor shall apply a minimum of 12” of native soil to create trail tread on top of culvert. Backfilled soil should be carefully tamped around culvert. Trail tread on top of culvert should be level to the trail tread above and below the culvert.

Single radius culverts (half or arched culverts) should be embedded in the creek bed by at least 10% of their heights. If soil the in the creek is too soft or mucky, soil should be excavated 12” or more, then replaced with crushed angular rock.

12” fill, compacted and graded to be level with existing trail tread

Embed in gravel or firm creek bed

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Trail Hardening (Site #7)

4” screenings/stone dust

Grass pavers filled with roadbase

2” layer of com-pacted roadbase

Non woven Geotextile 18” compacted layer of #4 gravel

Base of rut approximately 3.5’ at its’ deepest point

Note: It is not the intention to fill up this rut to the same level of non-rutted out trail.

The intent is to create a firm surface and enough elevation within the rut so that water will either percolate into the gravel layer, or when inundated will sit on top of the pavers. The gravel and pavers are intended to harden the sur-face sufficiently to avoid OHV’s from sinking.

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Berm

Figure 17--Remove the slough and berm, leaving the trail outsloped so water will run off. One fist's worth of drop for the length of a Pulaski is a good rule of thumb.

Berm is soil that has built up on the outside of the tread, forming a barrier that prevents water from running off the trail. Berms are a natural consequence of tread surface erosion and redeposition, and of inadequate compaction during construction. Berms prevent water from flowing off the trail. Water runs down the tread itself, gathering volume and soil as it goes. Berm formation is the single largest contributor to erosion of the tread surface. Remov-ing berms is almost always the best practice. Observe erosion on trails with and without berms, see what works best in your area, and ask the project leader for a recommendation if you are in doubt.

Berms also trap water in puddles on level portions of tread and at the bottom of dips. Trapped water contributes to soil saturation, greatly reducing tread cohesion. Saturated tread material is prone to mass wasting and step-throughs.

Berms, especially when associated with tread creep, may form a false edge. False edge is unconsolidated material, often including significant amounts of organic material, that has almost no ability to bear weight. This is probably the least stable trail feature on most trails and the major contributor to step-throughs and wrecks.

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Recommended Culvert Width StormTech Equivalent

Item #

3’ 34”Wx16”Hx7’L SC310

1. Arched Culverts:

StormTech: www.stormtech.com StormTech Chambers (Arched culverts)

2. Closure Posts:

A. Sheeted Blanks Tapco: www.tapconet.com Sheeted aluminum blanks

Suppliers & Dealers

Product Dimensions SKU Color Holes

Sheeted Aluminum Blanks

12’x6’ 101292 Engineer grade yellow

Vertical

B. U-Channel Posts 8’L 2lbs/ft Galvanized Steel There are many suppliers for the u-channels including:

Tapco (see above) and Ben Meadows: www.benmeadows.com

Product Dimensions Notes Color

U-Channel Posts 8’ L 2 lbs/ft minimum Galvanized Steel

3. Geotextile: Non-woven Geotextile Geotex 401 or similar Numerous suppliers including:

Norris Supply: www.norrissupply.com

4. Belgard Turfstone Grass Pavers:

Many local dealers including:

Carolina Supplies: www.carolinasupplies.com

Note: There are many similar types of grass pavers on the market, and these may be used in-stead if they are comparable to the Belgard product.

5. Clay-Sand, #4 Rock, Roadbase & Screenings:

These are all available locally. Local haulers include:

Randall Trucking: 843-873-7778 Shawn Tucker

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StormTech Chambers

Recommended Culvert Width StormTech Equivalent

Item # # Units Req’d/culvert

3’ 34”Wx16”Hx7’L SC310 2

StormTech storm chambers stack together to form longer lengths.

StormTech recommends using 3/4”-2” crushed angular stone to embed StormTech storm chamber (culvert).

To view StormTech’s products and specifications, go to their website: www.stormtech.com, Benchmark Trails installed these StormTech storm chambers used as culverts on the Francis Marion National Forest.

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Geotextile

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Product Specifications

Sq. Ft. per Cube 144.18

Sq. Ft. per Layer 16.02

Layers per Cube 10

Pounds per Cube 3,420

Dimensions

23-5/8" x 15-3/4" x 3-1/8"

Turf Stone by Belgard Hardscapes