Attachment1_Trapper Special Proj Specs Final.doc

AG-0398-S-09-0026

Trapper Creek AOP Culvert Replacement

Special Project Specifications

SPECIAL PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS

For TRAPPER CREEK AOP Culvert Replacement

AG-0398-S-09-0026

Attachment 1

USDA FOREST SERVICE

NORTHERN REGION

GALLATIN NATIONAL FOREST

SPECIAL PROJECT SPECIFICATIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

2Preface

3101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

6102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

7103 - Scope of Work

8104 - Control of Work

9105 - Control of Material

10106 - Acceptance of Work

11107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

12108 - Prosecution and Progress

13109 - Measurement and Payment

14151 - Mobilization

16152 - Construction Survey and Staking

18155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

19156 - Public Traffic

21157 - Soil Erosion Control

23201 - Clearing and Grubbing

24203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

25204 - Excavation and Embankment

32209 - Structure Excavation and Backfill

35251 - Riprap

36301 - Untreated Aggregate Courses

38602 - Culverts and Drains

39622 - Rental Equipment

40703 - Aggregate

41705 - Rock

Preface

Delete all but the first paragraph and add the following:

The Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture has adopted FP-03 for construction of National Forest System Roads.

101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

101.01 Meaning of Terms

Delete all references to the TAR (Transportation Acquisition Regulations) in the specifications.

101.03 Abbreviations.

Add the following to (a) Acronyms:

AFPA

MSHA

NIST

NESC

WCLIB

American Forest and Paper Association Mine Safety and Health Administration National Institute of Standards and Technology National Electrical Safety Code West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau

Add the following to (b) SI symbols:

101.04 Definitions.

Delete the following definitions and substitute the following:

Bid Schedule--The Schedule of Items.

Bridge--No definition.

Contractor--The individual or legal entity contracting with the Government for performance of prescribed work. In a timber sale contract, the contractor is the “purchaser”.

Right-of-Way--A general term denoting (1) the privilege to pass over land in some particular line (including easement, lease, permit, or license to occupy, use, or traverse public or private lands), or (2) Real property necessary for the project, including roadway, buffer areas, access, and drainage areas.

Add the following:

Adjustment in Contract Price--“Equitable adjustment,” as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or “construction cost adjustment,” as used in the Timber Sale Contract, as applicable.

Change--“Change” means “change order” as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or “design change” as used in the Timber Sale Contract.

Design Quantity--“Design quantity” is a Forest Service method of measurement from the FS-96 Forest Service Specifications for the Construction of Roads and Bridges. Under these FP specifications this term is replaced by the term “Contract Quantity”.

Equivalent Diameter—The equivalent diameter is herein defined as the “b-axis” measurement of a rock where: the “a-axis” is the longest dimension of the rock; the “b-axis” is the middle dimension; and the “c-axis” is the shortest dimension. For example: for a rock with length 12 inches, width 10 inches, and height 8 inches the “b-axis” measurement is 10 inches, which would be the equivalent diameter of the rock.

Forest Service--The United States of America, acting through the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Neat Line--A line defining the proposed or specified limits of an excavation or structure.

Pioneer Road--Temporary construction access built along the route of the project.

Purchaser--The individual, partnership, joint venture, or corporation contracting with the Government under the terms of a Timber Sale Contract and acting independently or through agents, employees, or subcontractors.

Protected Streamcourse--A drainage shown on the plans or timber sale area map that requires designated mitigation measures.

Road Order--An order affecting and controlling traffic on roads under Forest Service jurisdiction. Road Orders are issued by a designated Forest Officer under the authorities of 36 CFR, part 260.

Schedule of Items--A schedule in the contract that contains a listing and description of construction items, quantities, units of measure, unit price, and amount.

Thalweg—The lowest elevation point in a channel cross-section.

Utilization Standards--The minimum size and percent soundness of trees described in the specifications to determine merchantable timber.

Add Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms:

Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms.

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

Delete Section 102 in its entirety.

103 - Scope of Work

Deletions

Delete all but subsection 103.01 Intent of Contract.

104 - Control of Work

Deletions

Delete Sections 104.01, 104.02, and 104.04.

Add the following subsection:

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor . The Contractor is authorized to use roads under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service for all activities necessary to complete this contract, subject to the limitations and authorizations designated in the Road Order(s) or described in the contract, when such use will not damage the roads or national forest resources, and when traffic can be accommodated safely.

Add Subsection.

104.07 Other Contracts.

There will be an ongoing timber harvest contract in the area, and timber will be hauled on Road 167 during the summer and fall of 2009. The Contractor shall communicate with the timber harvest contractor to minimize delays and impacts on each other’s work.

105 - Control of Material

105.02 Material Sources.

105.02(a) Government-provided sources.

Add the following:

Government-provided sources for this project are identified as follows:

There are no government-provided material sources.

105.02(b) Contractor-located sources

Add the following:

All rock, gravel, sand, soil, and backfill/embankment materials that are not obtained from excavation carried out in the course of performing the work or from government-provided sources as identified in Part 105.02(a), shall be imported from off Government Lands. Such materials shall be from one of the following:

A. A source certified to be weed free by the county or state. Provide proof of weed-free certification.

B. A source approved by the C.O. A source will not be approved by the C.O. if there are noxious weed species present at or near the source.

Notify the C.O. of intended material sources at least 2 weeks prior to planned material haul date. Provide for access to material source site for inspection purposes.

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work.

Delete 105.05 (a) and (b) and the last sentence of the second paragraph and substitute the following:

Materials produced or processed from Government lands in excess of the quantities required for performance of this contract are the property of the Government. The Government is not obligated to make reimbursement for the cost of producing these materials.

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.07 Delete

Delete subsection 106.07.

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

107.05 Responsibility for Damage Claims.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.06 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work.

Delete the following from the first paragraph.

“except as provided in Subsection 106.07”.

107.09 Legal Relationship of the Parties.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.10 Environmental Protection.

Add the following:

Design and locate equipment repair shops, stationary refueling sites, or other facilities to minimize the potential and impacts of hazardous material spills on Government land.

Before beginning any work, submit a Hazardous Spill Plan. List actions to be taken in the event of a spill. Incorporate preventive measures to be taken, such as the location of mobile refueling facilities, storage and handling of hazardous materials, and similar information. Immediately notify the CO of all hazardous material spills. Provide a written narrative report form no later than 24 hours after the initial report and include the following:

· Description of the item spilled (including identity, quantity, manifest number, and other identifying information).

· Whether amount spilled is EPA or state reportable, and if so whether it was reported, and to whom.

· Exact time and location of spill including a description of the area involved.

· Containment procedures.

· Summary of any communications the Contractor had with news media, Federal, state and local regulatory agencies and officials, or Forest Service officials.

· Description of clean-up procedures employed or to be employed at the site including final disposition and disposal location of spill residue.

When available provide copies of all spill related clean up and closure documentation and correspondence from regulatory agencies.

The Contractor is solely responsible for all spills or leaks that occur during the performance of this contract. Clean up spills or leaks to the satisfaction of the CO and in a manner that complies with Federal, state, and local laws and regulations.

108 - Prosecution and Progress

108 Delete.

Delete Section 108 in its entirety.

109 - Measurement and Payment

Delete the following entire subsections:

109.06 Pricing of Adjustments.

109.07 Eliminated Work.

109.08 Progress Payments.

109.09 Final Payment.

109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions.

(b) Contract quantity.

Add the following:

Contract quantities will be adjusted only when there are errors in the original design of 15% or more.

Change the following:

“(b) Cubic yard” to “(c) Cubic yard”.

Add the following definition:

(p) Thousand Board Feet (Mbf). 1,000 board feet based on nominal widths, thickness, and extreme usable length of each piece of lumber or timber actually incorporated in the job. For glued laminated timber, 1,000 board feet based on actual width, thickness, and length of each piece actually incorporated in the job.

151 - Mobilization

Delete Section 151 in its entirety and replace with the following.

Description

151.01. This work consists of moving personnel, equipment, material, and incidentals to the project and performing all work necessary before beginning work at the project site; obtaining of permits, insurance, and bonds. This work also includes washing and treating construction equipment and vehicles necessary for equipment transport to remove seeds, plants, and plant fragments before the equipment is used on Forest Service lands, and prior to removal of equipment from the Trapper Creek Culvert worksite, according to the requirements within.

Construction Requirements

151.02. Wash the sides, tops, and undercarriages of all construction equipment. Remove all seeds, plants, plant fragments, dirt, mud, and debris from the construction equipment. Only equipment inspected by the Forest Service will be allowed to operate within the project area. All subsequent move-ins of equipment to the project area will be treated in the same manner as the initial move-in. This requirement does not apply to cars, pickup trucks, and other vehicles that regularly travel between the construction site and areas off the National Forest.

Equipment will be considered free of soil, seed, and other such debris when a visual inspection does not disclose such material. Disassembly of equipment, components or the need for specialized inspection tools is not required.

Notify the CO in writing at least 72 hours before moving any construction equipment onto the national forest or removing it from the Trapper Creek worksite. Notification will include an agreed upon location where the equipment will be available for inspection by the Forest Service. Inspection will be required after every cleaning.

Use methods of cleaning and locations for cleaning approved by the CO.

For work at a commercial washing facility, use an approved facility.

New infestations of noxious weeds of concern to Forest Service and identified by either Contractor or Forest Service, in the Project Area or on the haul route, will be promptly reported to the other party. Contractor and Forest Service will agree on treatment methods to reduce or stop the spread of noxious weeds when new infestations are found. A current list of noxious weeds of concern to Forest Service is available at each Forest Service office.

Measurement

151.02. Clean equipment prior to moving onto this project. Subsequent cleanings necessitated by the Contractor’s actions but not directed by the CO will not be included in the measurement for payment.

Measure mobilization according to Subsection 109.02.

Payment

151.03. The accepted quantity, measured as provided in Subsection 109.02, will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 151 pay item shown in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.

Include all costs associated with the initial cleaning of equipment in the unit bid price for Mobilization. Cleaning for subsequent move-ins will not be paid for unless after a suspension ordered by the CO.

152 - Construction Survey and Staking

Delete Section 152 in its entirety and replace with the following.

Description

152.01 This work consists of furnishing qualified personnel and necessary equipment and material to survey, stake, calculate, and record data for the control of work. See FAR Clause 52.236-17 Layout of Work.

Personnel, equipment, and material shall conform to the following:

(a) Personnel. Furnish technically qualified survey crews experienced in highway construction survey and staking. Provide personnel capable of performing in a timely and accurate manner. An acceptable crew supervisor shall be on the project whenever surveying/staking is in progress.

Conduct construction staking under the direct supervision of a professional engineer registered for the state in which work is completed.

(b) Equipment. Furnish survey instruments and supporting equipment capable of achieving the specified tolerances.

(c) Material. Furnish acceptable tools, supplies, and stakes of the type and quality normally used in highway survey work and suitable for the intended use. Furnish stakes and hubs of sufficient length to provide a solid set in the ground with sufficient surface area above ground for necessary legible markings.

Mark all stakes with a stake pencil that leaves a legible imprint, or with waterproof ink.

Do not use aerosol spray paints in the field. Provide for the safe storage use and clean-up of paint when on National Forest System Lands. Immediately report all spills to the CO. Clean-up and disposal of spills and painting waste shall be in accordance with Federal state and local requirements.

152.02 General. Established control points locations and coordinates, new ground surface contours, and other design data are furnished on the Plans.

Before beginning construction, notify the CO of any missing control points. Reestablish missing reference, control lines, or stakes as necessary to control subsequent construction staking operations

Perform additional calculations for convenient use of Government-furnished data. Provide immediate notification of apparent errors in the furnished data.

Preserve all initial reference and control points. After beginning construction, replace all destroyed or disturbed initial reference or control points necessary to the work.

Before surveying or staking, discuss and coordinate the following with the CO:

(a) Surveying and staking methods;

(b) Stake marking;

(c) Any other procedures and controls necessary for the work.

Survey and establish controls within the tolerances shown in Table 152-1.

Table 152-1. Control Point Tolerances

Prepare field notes in an approved format. All field notes and supporting documentation become the property of the Government upon completion of the work.

Start work only after staking for the affected work is accepted.

The construction survey and staking work may be spot-checked for accuracy, and unacceptable portions of work may be rejected. Resurvey rejected work, and correct work that is not within the tolerances specified on the Plans. Acceptance of the construction staking does not relieve the Contractor of responsibility for correcting errors discovered during the work and for bearing all additional costs associated with the error.

Remove and dispose of all flagging, lath, stakes, and other staking material after the project is complete.

152.03 Survey and Staking Requirements. Perform all survey, staking, recording of data, and calculations as necessary to construct the project from the initial layout to final completion, meeting the required construction tolerances. Reset stakes as many times as necessary to construct the work.

(a) Control points. Relocate initial horizontal and vertical control points in conflict with construction to areas that will not be disturbed by construction operations. Furnish the coordinates and elevations for the relocated points before the initial points are disturbed. All control points shall be within the tolerances shown in Table 152-1.

(b) Field Discrepancies. Immediately notify the CO if a discrepancy is encountered between the Plans and field conditions.

(C) Construction tolerances. Construction tolerances are noted on the Drawings.

152.04 Acceptance. Construction survey and staking will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Measurement and Payment

152.05 Measurement. Measure the Section 152 items listed in the bid schedule according to Subsection 109.02 and the following.

Do not measure resetting stakes.

152.06 Payment. The accepted quantities, as provided above, will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 152 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

155 Delete.

Delete Section 155 in its entirety.

156 - Public Traffic

Delete Section 156 in its entirety and replace with the following:

Description

156.01 This work consists of controlling and protecting public traffic adjacent to and within the project.

Material

156.02 Conform to the MUTCD and the following Sections and Subsections:

Construction sign panels

Retroreflective sheeting

718.01

Temporary concrete barrier

Temporary plastic fence

710.11

Temporary traffic control devices

718.22

156.03 General. Keep existing roads that are typically open to public use open to all traffic during road improvement work, except as allowed in Subsection 156.05, and maintain them in a condition that will safely and adequately accommodate traffic.

Perform no work that interferes or conflicts with traffic or existing access to the roadway surface until a traffic control plan in accordance with MUTCD Part 6A.01 has been approved. Post construction signs and traffic control devices in conformance with MUTCD. Assure that all required signs are in place and approved prior to beginning work on project.

If the Contractor allows public traffic to use a new road being constructed prior to completion, it will be considered an existing road for traffic control purposes.

Do not construct detours outside of the clearing limits or use alternate route detours without the approval of the CO.

156.04 Temporary Traffic Control. Install and maintain temporary traffic control devices adjacent to and within the project as required by the approved traffic control plan and the MUTCD. Install and maintain traffic control devices as follows:

(a) Furnish and install traffic control devices before the start of construction operations.

(b) All detours outside of clearing limits shall be approved in writing by the Contracting Officer as part of the traffic control plan.

(c) Install only those traffic control devices needed for each stage or phase.

(d) Relocate temporary traffic control devices as necessary.

(e) Remove or cover devices that no longer apply to the existing conditions.

(f) Immediately replace any device that is lost, stolen, destroyed, or inoperative.

(g) Keep temporary traffic control devices clean.

(h) Remove all temporary traffic control devices upon contract completion or when approved.

(i) When required, use flaggers certified by the American Traffic Safety Services Association, the National Safety Council, the International Municipal Signal Association, a state agency, or other acceptable organization. Perform the work described under MUTCD Part 6E. Use type III, VII, VIII, or IX retroreflective sheeting on flagger paddles. Do not use flags. Flaggers must wear high visibility safety apparel as required by MUTCD 6E.02.

156.05 Temporary Closures. Road 167 may be closed at the project site as shown in Table 156-1.

Maximum traffic delay while road is open is shown in Table 156-1.

Maintain traffic control devices during closure period(s). Erect and maintain appropriate barricades and signage as shown in the traffic control plan or as otherwise designated by the C.O.

Prior to closing roads during construction, give written notice to the Contracting Officer at least 10 days in advance.

Table 156-1

156.06 Acceptance. Public traffic work will be evaluated under Subsection 106.02.

Measurement and Payment

156.07. Do not measure Public Traffic for payment. Compensation is made as an indirect payment.

157 - Soil Erosion Control

157.02 Materials

Add the following:

Provide bales, wattles, logs, rolls, and all other erosion control materials from a certified noxious weed free source.

157.03 General.

Delete the first two paragraphs and replace with the following:

The Contractor shall submit a Dewatering and Erosion Control Plan to the C.O., and shall not begin clearing, excavation, or material placement until the Dewatering and Erosion Control Plan is approved by the C.O.. The Construction Dewatering and Erosion Control Plan shall be a written procedure for implementing the construction dewatering and erosion control requirements specified herein. The plan shall describe the layout, materials, and equipment, and the operation and maintenance procedures proposed.

Temporary diversion shall be constructed to direct all creek flow around and/or through the work areas for the duration of work. The diversion shall be designed, implemented and maintained by the Contractor and shall comply with Best Management Practices (BMPs) to control erosion and sediment release into the stream.

Maintain excavation dewatering sufficiently to allow for work to be completed as shown and specified and to allow visual inspection, quality assurance, and as-built surveying to be conducted by C.O. at his discretion.

The Contractor shall plan and execute work to control and minimize surface runoff from cuts, fills, and other disturbed areas in accordance with Best Management Practices (BMPs) to control erosion and sediment release into the stream. BMPs may include, but are not limited to, temporary berms, cofferdams, sediment basins, ditches, silt fencing, straw bales, straw mulch, and erosion control matting. The Contractor shall prevent sediment and/or sediment-laden water from entering the creek to the extent practicable.

All diverted stream flow and dewatering flows collected from open sumps, trenches or excavations shall be routed through sedimentation ponds or a CO-approved sediment filtration system prior to discharge to the creek.

The Contractor shall provide, and maintain on site, all equipment, piping, fittings, and appurtenances necessary to collect, pump, and convey discharge water to adequately dewater all open excavations, including spare fittings, pumps and other materials necessary to maintain a continuously operating dewatering system.

The Contractor shall provide and maintain primary and backup power supplies and power distribution systems as necessary to operate the dewatering system without significant interruption. All grounding shall be provided per the NEC. The power plants and their appurtenances shall be protected from weather and other potentially detrimental conditions at the site (e.g., dust, impacts, etc.)

The Contractor shall fully implement all measures and precautions necessary to ensure the safety of workers, and the protection of the Work (including maintenance of integrity against rupture and/or heave of the bottom of the excavation) during excavation and dewatering.

In the event of pump failure for reasons beyond the Contractor’s ability to control, all excavation shall cease, and the Contractor shall implement repairs and resume pumping as soon as possible.

Add the following to the third paragraph:

Upon completion of construction at the site, remove all temporary erosion control devices, dewatering materials and equipment from Government property.

157.15 Measurement

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157.16 Payment.

Delete entire Subsection and replace with the following:

The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 157 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.

201 - Clearing and Grubbing

201.01 Description

Replace with the following

This work consists of clearing and grubbing within clearing limits and other designated areas.

201.02 Material

Delete Tree wound dressing material reference.

201.03 General.

Delete the last sentence.

201.04 Clearing.

Add the following:

Secure C.O. approval prior to felling trees with diameter 8-inches or greater.

Delete the last sentence of (d).

Add the following:

When marked in advance, remove dead trees over 6 inches in diameter measured at 12 inches above the ground that lean toward the road and are tall enough to reach the roadbed. Remove CO-identified trees which have sustained significant root damage as a result of construction activities.

201.06 Disposal

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203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

203.01 Description.

Delete and replace with the following:

This work consists of disposing of slash and natural debris, salvaging, removing, and disposing of culverts, fences, structures, pavements, culverts, utilities, curbs, sidewalks, and other obstructions.

203.05 Disposing of Material.

Delete entire section and add the following:

Existing culverts designated for removal, and all man-made debris encountered at the work sites, shall be disposed of in a legal manner off of Government lands.

Limb all trees greater than 6 inches in diameter and place logs where directed by the C.O.

Slash and woody debris shall be scattered uniformly across the surfaces of constructed embankment and other disturbed areas within the work site. Do not place construction slash in streams or streambeds or in locations where it is likely to slide or roll into streams or streambeds.

203.07 Measurement

Delete this subsection in its entirety and insert the following:

Measurement and Payment

203.07. Do not measure Removal of Structures and Obstructions for payment. Compensation is made as an indirect payment.

203.08 Payment

Delete this subsection.

204 - Excavation and Embankment

Delete Section 204 in its entirety and replace with the following.

Description

204.01 This work consists of excavating material, constructing embankments, re-establishing roadside drainage ditches, and excavating for structure installation. This includes furnishing, hauling, stockpiling, placing, disposing, sloping, shaping, compacting, and finishing earthen and rocky material.

204.02 Definitions.

(a) Excavation. Excavation consists of the following:

(1) General excavation. General excavation includes all material encountered regardless of its nature or characteristics. General excavation includes excavation for structure and riprap installation.

(b) Embankment construction. Embankment construction consists of placing and compacting excavated material. This work includes:

(1) Preparing foundation for embankment;

(2) Constructing embankments;

(3) Benching for side-hill embankments;

(4) Constructing dikes, ramps, mounds, and berms; and

(5) Backfilling subexcavated areas, holes, pits, and other depressions.

(c) Conserved topsoil. Excavated material conserved from the roadway excavation and embankment foundation areas that is suitable for growth of grass, cover crops, or native vegetation.

(d) Waste. Excess and unsuitable roadway excavation and subexcavation that cannot be used.

Material

204.03 Conform to the following Subsections:

Backfill material

704.03

Select borrow

704.07

Select topping

704.08

Topping

704.05

Unclassified borrow

704.06

Water

725.01

Construction Requirements

204.04 Preparation for Excavation and Embankment Construction. Clear the area of vegetation and obstructions according to Sections 201 and 203. Remove existing culverts and other structures and obstructions according to Section 203.

204.05 Reserved.

204.06 Excavation. Excavate as follows:

(a) General. Do not disturb material and vegetation outside the construction limits.

At the end of each day's operations, shape to drain and compact the work area to a uniform cross-section. Eliminate all ruts and low spots that could hold water.

Retrieve material deposited outside of the clearing limits as directed by the CO.

(b) Rock cuts. Blast rock according to Section 205. Excavate rock cuts to 6 inches below subgrade within the roadbed limits. Backfill to subgrade with topping or with other suitable material. Compact the material according to Subsection 204.11 When blasting rock, use blasting methods according to Subsection 205.08.

(c) Earth cuts. Scarify earth cuts to 3 inches below subgrade within the roadbed limits. Lightly compact the scarified material according to Subsection 204.11, Method D.

(d) Excavation for structure installation. Comply with Section 208.04. Excavate any unsuitable material present at foundation grade.

204.07 Subexcavation. Excavate material to the limits as designated. Take cross-sections according to Section 152. Prevent unsuitable material from becoming mixed with the backfill. Dispose of unsuitable material according to Subsection 204.14. Backfill the subexcavation with topping, or other suitable material. Compact the material according to Subsection 204.11. In subexcavated areas that will underly structures, replace subexcavated material under Section 209.

204.08 Borrow Excavation. Use all roadway excavation in embankment construction.

Obtain borrow source acceptance according to Subsection 105.02. Develop and restore borrow sources according to Subsection 105.03. Do not excavate beyond the established limits. When applicable, shape the borrow source to permit accurate measurements when excavation is complete.

204.09 Preparing Foundation for Embankment Construction. Prepare foundation for embankment construction as follows:

(a) Embankment less than 4 feet high over natural ground. Unless otherwise designated by the CO, remove topsoil. Break up the ground surface to a minimum depth of 6 inches by plowing or scarifying. Compact the ground surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(b) Embankments over an existing asphalt, concrete, or gravel/dirt road surface. Scarify gravel/dirt roads to a minimum depth of 6 inches. Scarify or pulverize asphalt and concrete roads to 6 inches below the pavement. Reduce all particles to a maximum size of 6 inches and produce a uniform material. Compact the surface according to Subsection 204.11.

(c) Embankment across ground not capable of supporting equipment. Dump successive loads of embankment material in a uniformly distributed layer to construct the lower portion of the embankment. Limit the layer thickness to the minimum depth necessary to support the equipment.

(d) Embankment on an existing slope steeper than 1V:3H. Cut horizontal benches in the existing slope to a sufficient width to accommodate placement and compaction operations and equipment. Bench the slope as the embankment is placed and compacted in layers. Begin each bench at the intersection of the original ground and the vertical cut of the previous bench.

204.10 Embankment Construction. Incorporate only suitable roadway excavation material into the embankment. Construct embankments as follows:

(a) General. At the end of each day's operations, shape to drain and compact the embankment surface to a uniform cross-section. Eliminate all ruts and low spots that could hold water.

During all stages of construction, route and distribute hauling and leveling equipment over the width and length of each layer of material.

Compact embankment side slopes flatter than 1V:1.75H with a tamping type roller or by walking with a dozer. For slopes 1V:1.75H or steeper, compact the slopes as construction of the embankment progresses.

Where placing embankment on one side of abutments, wing walls, piers, or culvert headwalls, compact the material using methods that prevent excessive pressure against the structure.

Where placing embankment material on both sides of a concrete wall or box structure, conduct operations so compacted embankment material is at the same elevation on both sides of the structure.

Where structural pilings are placed in embankment locations, limit the maximum particle size to 4 inches.

Place embankment material in horizontal layers not exceeding 12 inches in compacted thickness. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 12-inch layers by reducing them in size or placing them individually as required by (c) below. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

Material composed predominately of boulders or rock fragments too large for 12‑inch layers may be placed in layers up to 24 inches thick. Incorporate oversize boulders or rock fragments into the 24-inch layer by reducing them in size or placing them individually according to (c) below. Place sufficient earth and smaller rocks to fill the voids. Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

(b) Individual rock fragments and boulders. Utilize boulders of adequate size in streambed construction and riprap. If excess rock results from excavation, incorporate individual rock fragments and boulders greater than 24 inches in diameter into the embankment as follows:

(1) Reduce rock to less than 48 inches in the largest dimension.

(2) Distribute rock within the embankment to prevent nesting.

(3) Place layers of embankment material around each rock to a depth not greater than that permitted by (b) above. Fill all the voids between rocks.

(4) Compact each layer according to Subsection 204.11 before placing the next layer.

204.11 Compaction. Compact the embankment using one of the following methods as specified:

(a) Compaction A. Use AASHTO T 27 to determine the amount of material retained on a Number 4 sieve. If there is more than 80 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (1). If there is 50 to 80 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (2). If there is less than 50 percent retained on the No. 4 sieve use procedure (3).

(1) Adjust the moisture content to a level suitable for compaction. Fill the interstices around rock with earth or other fine material as practical. Use compression-type rollers at speeds less than 6 feet per second and vibratory rollers at speeds less than 3 feet per second. Compact each layer of material full width with one of the following and until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation.

(a) Four roller passes of a vibratory roller having a minimum dynamic force of 40,000 pounds impact per vibration and a minimum frequency of 1000 vibrations per minute.

(b) Eight roller passes of a 20-ton compression-type roller.

(c) Eight roller passes of a vibratory roller having a minimum dynamic force of 30,000 pounds impact per vibration and a minimum frequency of 1000 vibrations per minute.

Increase the compactive effort for layers deeper than 12 inches as follows:

( For each additional 6 inches or fraction thereof, increase the number of roller passes in (a) above by four passes.

( For each additional 6 inches or fraction thereof, increase the number of roller passes in (b) and (c) above, by eight passes.

(2) Use AASHTO T 99 to determine the optimum moisture content of the portion of the material passing a No. 4 sieve. Multiply this number by the percentage of material passing a No. 4 sieve, and add 2 percent to determine the optimum moisture content of the material. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-1 through A-5 to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-6 and A-7 to within 2 percent of the optimum moisture content.

Use compression-type rollers at speeds less than 6 feet per second and vibratory rollers at speeds less than 3 feet per second. Compact each layer of material full width according to (1) above.

(3) Classify the material according to AASHTO M 145. For material classified A-1 or A-2-4, determine the maximum density according to AASHTO T 180, method D. For other material classifications, determine the optimum moisture content and maximum density according to AASHTO T 99, method C.

Adjust the moisture content of material classified A-1 through A-5 to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Adjust the moisture content of material classified A‑6 and A-7 to within 2 percent of the optimum moisture content.

Use compression-type or vibratory rollers. Compact each layer of material full width to at least 95 percent of the maximum density. Determine the in-place density and moisture content according to AASHTO T 310 or other approved test procedures. When required, use AASHTO T 224 to correct for coarse particles.

(b) Compaction B. Place material by end dumping to the minimum depth needed for operation of spreading equipment. Adjust the moisture content of the material to obtain a mass that will not visibly deflect under the load of the hauling and spreading equipment. Operate compaction equipment over the full width of each layer until there is no visible evidence of further consolidation or, if when a sheepsfoot roller is used, the roller “walks out” of the layer. Make at least three complete passes.

(c) Compaction C. Place material by end dumping to the minimum depth needed for operation of spreading equipment. Level and smooth each embankment layer before placing the next layers. Operate hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer. Construct a solid embankment with adequate compaction by working smaller rock and fines in with the larger rocks to fill the voids, and by operating hauling and spreading equipment uniformly over the full width of each layer as the embankment is constructed.

(d) Compaction D. Hauling and Spreading Equipment. Compact the material by operating equipment over the full width of the fill.

(e) Compaction E. Roller Compaction. Adjust the moisture content to a level suitable for compaction. Operate Rollers over the full width of each layer until visual displacement ceases, but not fewer than three complete passes. Use rollers that meet the following requirements:

(1) Steel wheeled rollers, other than vibratory, capable of exerting a force of not less than 250 pounds per inch of width of the compression roll or rolls.

(2) Vibratory steel wheeled rollers equipped with amplitude and frequency controls with a minimum weight of 6 tons, specifically designed to compact the material on which it is used.

(3) Pneumatic-tired rollers with smooth tread tires of equal size that will provide a uniform compacting pressure for the full width of the roller and capable of exerting a ground pressure of at least 80 psi.

(4) Sheepsfoot, tamping, or grid rollers capable of exerting a force of 250 lbs/inch of width of roller drum.

(f) Compaction F. Mechanical Tamper. Adjust the moisture content of the backfill material to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Compact each 6 inch layer with a minimum of three complete passes with a mechanical tamper.

204.12 Ditches. Slope, grade, and shape ditches. Remove all projecting roots, stumps, rock, or similar matter. Maintain all ditches in an open condition and free from leaves, sticks, and other debris

Form furrow ditches by plowing or using other acceptable methods to produce a continuous furrow. Place all excavated material on the downhill side so the bottom of the ditch is approximately 18 inches below the crest of the loose material. Clean the ditch using a hand shovel, ditcher, or other suitable method. Shape to provide drainage without overflow.

204.13 Sloping, Shaping, and Finishing. Complete slopes, ditches, culverts, riprap, and other underground minor structures before placing aggregate courses. Slope, shape, and finish as follows:

(a) Sloping. Leave all earth slopes with uniform surfaces. Provide smooth, natural-looking transitions between excavation or embankment and adjacent native ground surface.

(b) Shaping. Shape the subgrade to a smooth surface and to the new contours shown on the Plans. Shape slopes to gradually transition into slope adjustments without noticeable breaks. At the ends of cuts and at intersections of cuts and embankments, adjust slopes in the horizontal and vertical planes to blend into each other or into the natural ground.

(c) Topsoil application: Spread salvaged topsoil in a uniform layer upon all fill surfaces that are not to receive gravel surfacing.

(d) Finish Grade Tolerances. Produce finish grade within the tolerances shown on the Plans.

(e) Drainage ditches. Re-establish continuity and function of all roadside ditches as directed by the C.O.

204.14 Disposal of Unsuitable or Excess Material. Dispose of unsuitable or excess material at designated sites or legally off of the project.

When there is a pay item for waste, shape and compact the waste material in its final location. Do not mix clearing or other material not subject to payment with the waste material.

204.15 Acceptance. See Table 204-1 for sampling and testing requirements.

Material for embankment and conserved topsoil will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Excavation and embankment construction will be evaluated under Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Clearing and removal of obstructions will be evaluated under Sections 201 and 203.

Measurement

204.16 Measure the Section 204 items listed in the bid schedule according to Subsection 109.02 and the following as applicable.

(a) Excavation. Measure excavation in its original position as follows:

(1) Include the following volumes in excavation:

(a) Roadway prism excavation;

(b) Rock material excavated and removed from below subgrade in cut sections;

(c) Unsuitable material below subgrade and unsuitable material beneath embankment areas when a pay item for subexcavation is not shown in the bid schedule;

(d)Topsoil;

(e) Borrow material used in the work when a pay item for borrow is not shown in the bid schedule;

(f) Excavation for structure installation.

(2) Do not include the following in roadway excavation:

(a) Overburden and other spoil material from borrow sources;

(b) Overbreakage from the backslope in rock excavation;

(c) Water or other liquid material;

(d) Material used for purposes other than required;

(e) Surface material scarified in place and not removed;

(f) Material excavated when stepping cut slopes;

(g) Material excavated when rounding cut slopes;

(h) Preparing foundations for embankment construction;

(i) Material excavated when benching for embankments;

(j) Slide or slipout material attributable to the Contractor's method of operation;

(k) Conserved material taken from stockpiles constructed at the option of the Contractor; and

(l) Material excavated outside the re-contoured area shown on the Plans.

(3) When both roadway excavation and embankment construction pay items are shown in the bid schedule, measure the following as roadway excavation only:

(a) Unsuitable material below subgrade in cuts and unsuitable material beneath embankment areas when a pay item for subexcavation is not shown in the bid schedule;

(b) Slide and slipout material not attributable to the Contractor’s method of operations; and

(c) Drainage ditches, channel changes, and diversion ditches.

(b) Embankment construction. Measure embankment construction in its final position. Do not make deductions from the embankment construction quantity for the volume of minor structures.

(1) Include the following volumes in embankment construction:

(a) Constructed embankment material installed in areas designated on the Plans;

(b) Material used to backfill subexcavated areas, holes, pits, and other depressions, except when material is installed as Structural Backfill in areas designated on the Plans; and

(c) Material used for dikes, ramps, mounds, and berms.

(2) Do not include the following in embankment construction:

(a) Preparing foundations for embankment construction;

(b) Adjustments for subsidence or settlement of the embankment or of the foundation on which the embankment is placed; and

(c) Material used to round fill slopes.

(d) Structural Backfill in areas designated on the Plans.

Payment

204.17 The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 204 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.

209 - Structure Excavation and Backfill

Section Title.

Delete section title and replace with the following:

209 – Foundation Preparation and Structure Backfill

209.01.

Add the following:

All excavation will be evaluated, measured, and paid for under Section 204.

209.08 Foundation Preparation.

Delete the first sentence and add the following:

Replace excavated unsuitable material with foundation fill.

209.10 Backfill.

(a) General.

Add the following:

Replace any pipe that is distorted by more than 5 percent of nominal dimensions, or that is ruptured or broken.

Do not place or backfill pipe that meets any of the following conditions until the excavation and foundation have been approved in writing by the CO:

· Embankment height greater than 6 feet at subgrade centerline.

· Installation in a protected streamcourse.

· Round pipe with a diameter of 48 inches or greater.

· Pipe arches with a span of 50 inches or greater.

· Any box culvert of structure other than pipe culverts.

(b) Pipe Culverts.

(1) Pipe culverts with compacted backfill.

Add the following before the first sentence:

On each side of the culvert, excavate an area as wide as the diameter of the culvert. Backfill without damaging or displacing the culvert.

209.11 Compacting.

Delete the subsection and add the following:

Compact backfill using designated compaction method A, B, C, or D:

Method A. Ensure that backfill density exceeds the density of the surrounding embankment.

Method B. Adjust the moisture content of the backfill material to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Compact each layer 6 inch layer with a minimum of three complete passes or until visual displacement ceases using a mechanical tamper, (wacker-packer type or approved equal). For compaction under sections 252, 254, 255, 257, 258 and 262 compact with a vibratory steel wheeled roller with a mass of at least 8 tons.

Method C. Adjust the moisture content of the backfill material to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Compact each layer of backfill with a minimum of two passes with mechanical tamper, (wacker-packer type, or approved equal). Ensure that backfill density exceeds the density of the surrounding embankment

Method D. Determine optimum moisture content and maximum density according to AASHTO T 99 method C. Adjust the moisture content of the backfill material to a moisture content suitable for compaction. Compact material placed in all layers to at least 95 percent of the maximum density. Determine the in place density and moisture content according to AASHTO T 310 or other approved test procedures.

209.12 Acceptance.

Add the following:

Compaction methods (A),(B), and (C) do not require AASHTO T-99 or T-310 test methods for foundation fill.

209.13 Measurement and Payment

Delete the subsection and add the following:

Measure all material volumes in place and compacted.

All excavation will be evaluated, measured, and paid for under Section 204.

The accepted quantities measured as provided in Subsection 109.02 and above, will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the Section 209 pay item(s) listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section, including but not limited to structure backfill, foundation preparation, and furnishing and installing foundation fill and bedding. See Subsection 109.05.

251 - Riprap

251.01 Description

Delete the first sentence and add the following:

This work consists of constructing grade control structures, streambed within culverts, and riprap revetment at culvert inlets. The work shall include furnishing, hauling, and installation of riprap and weir boulders. The work shall also include salvaging, stockpiling, and placing native streambed materials and furnishing and installing approved equivalent materials if necessary.

251.03 General.

Delete the entire subsection and add the following:

Dress the ground surface to produce a smooth surface.

Construct grade control structures, streambed within culverts, and riprap revetment at culvert inlets as shown and directed on the Plans, and specified in this Section. Place all rock materials in accordance with subsection 251.04. Place bedding gravel in accordance with Subsection 209.09.

Fill voids in placed riprap as directed on the Plans. Use vibration or water to settle finer sediments into riprap to fill all voids completely.

251.07 Acceptance

Delete sampling and testing requirements of Table 251-1 and certification requirements of Subsection 106.03.

251.08 Measurement.

Add the following:

Measure salvaged streambed materials by the cubic yard in place. To measure salvaged streambed materials used to fill voids in riprap, assume the volume of salvaged streambed materials is equal to 0.3 times the measured riprap volume.

Measure weir boulders as the number of individual boulders in place.

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