Attchmt_5_Specifications.pdf

Solicitation no. 140P8318Q0076, Attachment no. 5 – Specifications (6/26/18)

OLYMPIC NATIONAL PARK

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Construct ABA Compliant Access Improvements for Two Comfort Stations and Five Campsites at the Hoh Campground, and One Comfort Station at Mora Campground

INDEX

Section Title Page Numbers

Part 1 - Scope of Project 3

Part 2 – General 4 - 6

Part 3 – Traffic Control 7

Part 4 – Paving and Related Improvements 8 - 9

Part 5 – Protection of Resources 10 - 13

Part 6 - Index to Supplemental Technical Specifications 14 - 43

PART 1 - SCOPE OF PROJECT

This project will provide ABA compliant improvements to the areas adjacent to the Loop A and Loop B comfort stations (restroom buildings) at the Hoh Campground, and the Loop A-B comfort station at the Mora

Campground, within Olympic National Park, WA. Also included is providing ABA compliant improvements to five campsites at the Hoh Campground (Loop A campsites are #1 and #38, Loop B campsite is #42, and Loop C campsites are #70 and #72). Additionally, contractor will construct a concrete foundation, footing, and floor slab for an ABA compliant family restroom structure at each of the three comfort stations, including excavation and grading required to accomplish these improvements. The project also includes removal of concrete and asphalt paved areas, site clearing, placement and grading of crushed rock base material, construction of concrete and asphalt paved areas, construction of compacted crushed rock campsites areas, installation of pressure treated log bollards at the five campsites (the bollards are an optional item), placement and grading of salvaged topsoil in disturbed areas, and broadcasting of grass seed in areas where topsoil has been placed and ground has been disturbed. The basic requirement includes everything as described, except the bollards, which are included as an optional line item (refer to Section B.1 of Attachment no. 3).

PART 2 - GENERAL

2.1 REFERENCES

References herein to WSDOT refer to the latest printing of the Washington Department of Transportation

Standard Specifications.

2.2 SUBMITTALS

Prior to or at time of the pre-construction meeting, the Contractor shall submit the following:

Site Specific Safety & Accident Prevention Plan (this shall be approved by NPS prior to starting any on-site work)

Contractor’s written designation of the Site Superintendent, including office and cell phone numbers, and email address. The primary contact phone number shall remain current throughout the course of the project.

A project schedule that shows the proposed timeline for the beginning and completion of each major item of work. As the project progresses, submit updated schedules with three-week look-aheads.

An Erosion Control Plan for the area of construction and a Traffic Control Plan may be submitted preceding construction or at time of pre-construction meeting, however, both plans require NPS approval prior to starting on-site work.

2.3 WEEKLY PROGRESS MEETINGS

The Contractor shall attend weekly meetings for the purpose of updating the COR of the progress of work.

Contractor’s schedule shall include three week look-aheads. Weekly meetings are intended to occur on-site with the COR and Contractor’s Site Superintendent, however, on occasion, the meeting may occur by phone if schedules don’t allow face-to-face.

2.4 OVERNIGHT IN THE PARK

The Contractor, subcontractors, suppliers or others directly or indirectly involved with the project will not be allowed to camp or stay overnight at the construction site, except as approved in writing or if such a stay is within an established campground under the rules and fees established in that campground. If approved in writing, the Contractor may station a watchman at the construction yard for the purpose of security and protection of equipment and stockpiled materials.

2.5 MOBILIZATION AND DEMOBILIZATION

A MOBILIZATION

There is space available in the Maintenance Compound (see Drawings) for the Contractor to prepare a construction yard with approval of the CO. The Contractor shall move equipment and materials to the site in preparation for beginning work. All materials shall be stockpiled within the project area limits, unless placed at time of delivery. The Contractor shall not store any equipment or materials on any private parcel, commercial or residential, unless a written agreement between the owner of said parcel and the Contractor, acceptable to the

COR, is approved in advance by the COR.Security of all materials and equipment is the sole responsibility of the Contractor.

B IDENTIFICATION OF SITE

As identified by the COR, the contractor will clearly delineate the construction limits to prevent damage to surrounding vegetation and trees. Before the beginning of construction, construction limits shall be staked and marked with construction fencing, tape, flagging, snow fencing, or some similar material, as necessary. The construction limits identify and limit the area of construction activity. The contractor is responsible for ensuring that all work stays inside the construction limits. Workers shall be instructed to avoid conducting activities beyond the construction zone.

C DEMOBILIZATION

The Contractor shall remove all equipment, materials and debris from the site. The Contractor shall grade ruts smooth, remove equipment and Contractor-generated debris and other non-native materials from the roadway and site. All such materials shall become the property of the Contractor and shall be removed from the Park.

At the completion of work the site shall be restored to a condition equal to or better than that present prior to the start of work.

All marking material and devices shall be removed by the contractor at the completion of work.

2.6 INSPECTION

All work shall be inspected on an ongoing basis by the COR and any COR-designated Project Inspectors. The

Contractor shall provide for and allow complete and unobstructed access to all work areas, processes and elements of the project.

2.7 HOURS OF WORK

Except as discussed in Mitigations below, work hours shall be strictly conformed to. The start of work shall be

7:00 a.m., and the end of work shall be no later than 6:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding holidays.

Variations may be granted by the CO in writing following written request by the Contractor.

2.8 VANDALISM

All work and equipment shall be protected against vandalism. Any damage resulting from vandalism shall be the Contractor's responsibility to repair or replace.

2.9 THEFT

All work, equipment and materials shall be protected against theft by the Contractor. Any damage or loss resulting from theft shall be the Contractor's responsibility. While the NPS may patrol the area of work, such patrols by the NPS do not imply absolute or permanent security of the Contractor’s resources or responsibility for the protection of the Contractor’s resources.

2.10 SURVEY

The Contractor shall provide for the necessary surveying requirements. Surveying is required to establish the limits of construction, establish elevations, lines and grades, and confirm quantities.

2.11 EROSION CONTROL

Prior to the start of on-site work in any area, the contractor’s Erosion Control Plan shall have been submitted and approved by the COR. The Contractor shall put in place erosion control devices before work begins.

Erosion control devices left in place will be removed by the Park.

Do not use hay or straw bales for erosion control.

Use best management erosion-control practices for drainage and sediment control to prevent or reduce nonpoint source pollution and minimize soil loss and sedimentation in drainage areas. These practices may include but are not limited to, pole peelings, wood straw, or other certified weed-free mulch products preapproved by

Olympic National Park’s chief botanist, silt fencing, filter fabric, temporary sediment ponds, check dams of pea gravel-filled burlap bags or other material, and/or immediate mulching of exposed areas to minimize sedimentation and turbidity impacts as a result of construction activities. Silt fencing fabric would be inspected daily during project work and weekly after project completion, until removed. Accumulated sediments would be removed when the fabric is estimated to be approximately 75% full. Silt removal would be accomplished in such a way as to avoid introduction into any flowing water bodies.

During periods of heavy rainfall as determined by the COR, the CO will issue a temporary stop work order.

During these work stoppage periods, the contractor shall monitor the effectiveness of the erosion control devices and maintain all such devices sufficient to prevent the transport of sediments to outside the project area.

2.13 REMOVAL OF MATERIALS

The Contractor shall remove existing asphalt and concrete paved areas per the drawings. The Contractor will take possession and ownership of asphalt and concrete debris, unsuitable and excess material from the project and remove such material from the Park. It is the contractor’s sole responsibility to safely and legally dispose of all materials removed as a part of this project.

PART 3 - TRAFFIC CONTROL

3.1 GENERAL

This section consists of furnishing all labor, equipment and materials necessary to maintain traffic control including barricades, signs, markers and all incidentals as required by the NPS.

3.2 TRAFFIC CONTROL

Traffic control requirements are a part of the elements of construction contained in this contract.

A AUTHORITY AND PLAN

Traffic control shall conform to the applicable paragraphs of WSDOT Section 1-10 and the Manual of Uniform

Traffic Control Devices. Prior to or at time of the pre-construction meeting, Contractor shall submit in writing a

Traffic Control Plan delineating length, configuration, signing and duration that shall be approved by the COR prior to starting on-site work.

B SIGN REQUIREMENTS

The contractor shall provide adequate signage and barricades as necessary to close the close the parking area to visitor traffic, both vehicular and non-vehicular during the period of construction.

PART 4 – PAVING AND RELATED IMPROVEMENTS

A GENERAL

This project includes removal of asphalt and concrete paved areas (8,300 square feet), construction of

4”concrete pavement (8,100 square feet) and 2” asphalt paving (1,500), construction of compacted crushed rock top course as base under concrete and asphalt paving plus surfacing for campsites, installation of pressure treated hand peeled log bollards, and soil preparation and grass seeding in exposed topsoil areas as per drawings and these specifications. The project also includes setting of picnic tables and fire grills to the side of each of the 5 campsites to allow for construction and resetting same.

B WORK WINDOW

This work may be completed as detailed in Section 2.02, above. Work which occurs prior to September 15, 2018 may occur from two hours after sunrise to two hours before sunset.

C VISITOR IMPACT

The contractor will be allowed a complete closure of each comfort station area and campsite for the period of time needed to complete work. Time is of the essence in completing this project so as to minimize the adverse impacts to visitors.

D EROSION CONTROL

Erosion control shall include all work necessary for the contractor to complete the work according to the drawings and these specifications.

E REMOVAL OF MATERIALS

Removal of materials shall include asphalt paving and concrete paving in accordance with these specification and the drawings and includes associated dump fees.

F SITE CLEARING

The Contractor and Park will identify boundaries of clearing and grubbing in advance of the work. As per

Section 311000 of these specifications, the Contractor shall clear vegetation, surface debris and other materials from the defined construction area, which avoids removal of any trees. Sufficient debris shall be removed to limit the contamination of the underlying material during excavation. All trash shall be removed from the park and disposed of by the contractor.

G EXCAVATION AND GRADING

Excavation and grading shall be as per the drawings and as per Section 312000 of these specifications as necessary to prepare for receiving the crushed rock top course prior to concrete and asphalt paving, in addition to the compacted 5/8” minus crushed rock campsite areas.

H CRUSHED ROCK TOP COURSE PLACEMENT

The Contractor shall supply and place 5/8-inch minus crushed rock road top course according to the drawings and WSDOT specifications (Section 4.04.2) including sub-grade preparation, material supply, placement and compaction. Thickness shall range from 4 to 10 inches.

I HOT MIX ASPHALT PLACEMENT

The contractor shall supply, deliver and machine-place hot mix asphalt to a thickness of 2 inches over the prepared crushed rock top course according to the drawings and Section 02716 and WSDOT specifications

(Section 5.04).

J CONCRETE PLACEMENT

The contractor shall supply, deliver and place concrete sidewalks to a minimum thickness of 4-inches as per drawings over the prepared crushed rock top course according to the drawings and Section 321313.

K CONCRETE FOUNDATION AND FOOTING FOR FAMILY RESTROOMS

The contractor shall supply, deliver and place concrete footings and foundation walls according to the drawings and Section 321313.

L INSTALLATION OF PRESSURE TREATED LOG BOLLARDS

The contractor shall supply, deliver and install ACG ground contact pressure treated hand peeled pine logs according to the drawings.

M TURF AND GRASSES

The Contractor shall supply and broadcast grass seed in accordance with these the drawings and Section 329200 of these specifications.

PART 5 – Protection of Resources

5.1 GENERAL

This section consists of furnishing all labor, equipment and materials necessary to complete the listed measures intended to protect the natural and cultural resources in the project area. The mission of the national Park

Service includes such protection.

5.2 WILDLIFE AND HABITAT

A BIRD SPECIES

To protect bird habitat, the following work windows shall be adhered to:

1. Ambient level noise - Year-round

Work producing noise within ambient levels (naturally occurring sound levels) for the existing project corridor may occur year-round. This includes such work effort as installing erosion control devices, survey work, installing signs or other work that does not include the use of heavy equipment.No construction activities producing noise above ambient noise levels may occur between March 1, 2018 and August 5, 2018.

2. Any work, any noise level - April 1, 2018 to September 15, 2018

Work occurring between April 1 and September 15th will be scheduled between two hours after sunrise and two hours before sunset.

3. Noise above ambient, below 92dB - August 6, 2018 to February 28, 2019

Work that produces noise above ambient levels but below 92 db may occur from August 6, 2018 to

February 28, 2019 (see 5.02A(2), above).

4. Noise above 92dB - September 16, 2018 to February 28, 2019

Work that would produce noise above 92 db may occur from September 16, 2018 to February 28, 2019.

5. Measurement

Measure noise levels at a distance of 50 feet from the noise producing mechanism with no objects between the noise source and the measuring device.

B BIRD HABITAT

To protect bird habitat, the following habitat protections shall be adhered to:

1. Approvals for tree removal – project start-up

The contractor shall meet with the Park during the project start-up and in advance of the initiation of any work involving the removal and/or damage to any trees. The Contractor shall identify to the Park any trees deemed necessary for the completion of work as outlined herein. All such trees approved by the

Park for removal will be clearly marked by the Park as such. No trees which are not marked for removal shall be removed or otherwise damaged.

2. Approvals for tree removal – during construction

If any trees are identified as necessary for removal after completion of the initial tree inventory according to 5.02B(1), above, the contractor shall notify the CO prior to any action. Trees not previously identified in 5.02B(1) shall not be removed or damaged, without approval by the CO.

3. Tree damage

Damage to trees is defined as any action which is likely to result in a reduced lifespan or the degradation of the health of a tree. Damage does not necessarily indicate actions leading to the immediate death of a tree. Damage can be cutting, trimming, hitting or running into the tree with equipment, including excavator buckets, creating or interfering with naturally-occurring drainages which direct water to or away from the tree, undermining the root structure, cutting root systems and burying root systems with fill.

Temporary barriers may be necessary to protect existing trees, plants, and root zones

4. Trash control

A strict garbage control regimen will be maintained to prevent scavengers (e.g. corvids), which are predators on murrelet nests, from being attracted to the project area. No food scraps will be discarded or fed to wildlife.

C EXOTIC, NON-NATIVE PLANTS AND SEEDS

To prevent the introduction of non-native species into the project area, the following protections shall be adhered to:

1. Material sources

All imported material entering the Park must be certified by the Park to be free from noxious weeds or invasive plant materials and other deleterious material before entering the Park. To determine if a potential material source meets the weed-free requirement, the contractor shall submit a list of sources to be inspected by the Park. Proposed material source inspections may be requested in advance of submittal of proposals. No assurance is made nor implied that the Park can complete such inspections in a manner which will allow the results to be used as a part of the bidding process.

In addition to the source name and location, submit potential mitigation measures to make the source weed-free, if necessary. Weather permitting, the Park will furnish an inspection report within 14 days of a submission of potential materials sources, listing the status of the source and any mitigation measures that would need to be accomplished before use.

2. Protection against seed introduction

At project start-up, the Park will inspect all contractors’ vehicles and equipment for mud, weeds, weed seed and other unwanted substances prior to entering the Park. Notify the CO a minimum of 48 hours prior to the entry of vehicles to the Park. The CO will make arrangements for the inspections. Prior to inspection, pressure wash all earth-moving equipment before entering the Park. Pressure wash hauling vehicles before entering the park for the first time. Subsequent entries of equipment haulers will not require a pressure wash unless the vehicles show signs of mud, plant material, or other substances which the CO considers harmful.

Cover all trucks hauling materials into the Park to prevent the transport of weed seeds and other foreign material.

Clean all tools and clothing of seeds and plant parts before entering the construction site.

Completely cover all stockpiled material with canvas, plastic or other material acceptable to the CO.

Covering material shall be secured against wind and other weather conditions.

D EQUIPMENT USE

To protect the environment, the following protections shall be adhered to:

1. Equipment idling

Eliminate vehicle idling whenever possible. No person operating a vehicle while on government business (i.e. this contract) will allow a vehicle to idle in excess of 1 continuous minute in gasoline-powered vehicles and 3 continuous minutes in diesel-powered vehicles and in no case shall not idle more than 5 minutes per hour, cumulative. This applies to all vehicles driven by internal combustion engines.

a) Engine Startup

Warm up your engine by driving it, not by idling.

b) Engine Shutdown

After parking, immediately turn off the engine.

c) Mid-Drive Stopping

Park entrance stations, drive-thrus, flagger controlled traffic construction stops and other locations where a driver might stop the vehicle for some time are to be considered no-Idling zones. Turn off the engine at these types of areas.

d) Exceptions:

Law enforcement, fire, ambulance, or public safety vehicles may remain running to operate lights, circulate water in tanks or maintain accessories needed during emergency or enforcement activities.

Vehicles may remain running when required by a federal, state, or local law or official, but only to the extent necessary to comply with such requirement.

Vehicles may remain running when running the vehicle’s engine is necessary for maintenance, servicing, repair, diagnostic purposes or under conditions specifically called out in owner’s/maintenance manuals.

Idling is allowed to operate defrosters (following scraping and until there is clear visibility for safe vehicle operation), and heaters or air conditioners to prevent a safety or health emergency.

Vehicles may remain running when the engine is providing auxiliary power for work-related mechanical operations (e.g. operating lifts, power take-offs, cable winches, etc).

Vehicles may remain running when the ambient air temperature is below 20 degrees Fahrenheit for gasoline-powered vehicles; below 32 degrees Fahrenheit for diesel-powered vehicles; or over 90 degrees Fahrenheit and idling of the vehicle is necessary to ensure the safety or health of the passengers or driver.

2. Equipment condition

Prior to starting work each day, all machinery will be in inspected for leaks (e.g., fuel, oil, and hydraulic fluid) and all necessary repairs will be made before the commencement of work. This measure is designed to avoid/minimize the introduction of chemical contaminates associated with machinery used in project implementation.

3. Equipment maintenance

Any machinery maintenance involving potential contaminates (e.g., fuel, oil and hydraulic fluid) will occur outside the riparian area, defined as the entire channel migration zone or a distance greater than

150 feet from the stream edge. This measure is designed to avoid/minimize the introduction of chemical contaminants associated with machinery used in project implementation.

4. Hazardous Materials

Hazardous spill clean-up materials will be on-site at all times. This measure is designed to avoid/minimize the introduction of chemical contaminants associated with machinery used in project implementation.

E CULTURAL RESTRICTIONS

To protect the cultural landscape, the following protections shall be adhered to:

1. Discovery of artifacts

If any archaeological resources are discovered, work will be halted and the CO will be contacted for further instructions.Park cultural resources staff will be available during construction to advise or take appropriate actions should any archeological resources be uncovered during construction. In the unlikely event that human remains are discovered during construction, provisions outlined in the Native

American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (1990) will be followed.

2. Education of employees

The NPS will ensure that all contacts and subcontractors are informed of the penalties for illegally collecting artifacts or intentionally damaging archeological sites or historic properties. Contractors and subcontractors also will be instructed on procedures to follow in case previously unknown archeological resources are uncovered during construction.

INDEX TO SUPPLEMENTAL TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Section Titles Pages

SECTION 01570 TEMPORARY CONTROLS 15

SECTION 01720 FIELD ENGINEERING 16

SECTION 02716 HOT MIX ASPHALT 17 - 23

SECTION 02725 CRUSHED SURFACING TOP COURSE 24 - 25

SECTION 311000 SITE CLEARING 26 - 28

SECTION 312000 EARTH MOVING 19 - 31

SECTION 329200 TURF AND GRASSES 32 - 34

SECTION 321313 CONCRETE PAVING 35 - 44

SECTION 01570

TEMPORARY CONTROLS

1.1 DESCRIPTION

The work of this section consists of providing temporary controls.

3.1 HOUSEKEEPING

A. Keep project neat, orderly, and in a safe condition at all times.

B. Provide enough containers for collecting construction debris and construction materials to be recycled.

C. Provide individually marked containers for recycling personal items, such as aluminum cans, newspapers, glass, plastic, corrugated cardboard. These items may be recycled by the Contractor or turned over to the Park recycling committee.

D. Wet down dry materials and rubbish to prevent blowing dust.

E. Keep volatile wastes in covered containers.

F. Utilize excavated material as soon as possible.

3.2 DISPOSAL

A. Unless otherwise specified, all removed material becomes the property of the Contractor and shall be disposed of outside the park.

B. Immediately remove hazardous rubbish from project site. Place other construction debris in refuse containers at least daily. Dispose of refuse at least weekly, in a legal manner, at public or private dumping areas outside the park. Do not burn or bury refuse inside the park.

3.3 AIR AND WATER POLLUTION CONTROL

A. Take all necessary reasonable measures to reduce air and water pollution by any material or equipment used during construction.

B. Do not dispose of volatile wastes or oils in storm or sanitary drains.

C. Do not allow waste materials to be washed into streams or bodies of water.

END OF SECTION 01570

SECTION 01720

FIELD ENGINEERING

1.1 LAYOUT OF WORK

Contractor shall establish construction stakes as needed to establish lines, slopes, and grades for the crushed rock surfacing top course and blue tops as necessary for the concrete sidewalks, concrete foundations, and asphalt paving course.

1.2 QUANTITY SURVEYS (NOT USED).

END SECTION 01720

SECTION 02716

HOT MIX ASPHALT PAVEMENT

The work of this section consists of constructing a hot mix asphalt surface course composed of a mixture of aggregate, filler if required, and bituminous material ( Washington Department of Transportation job mix formula type A or type B), placed on a prepared base. The surface course shall be placed over a prepared crushed surfacing top course (See Section 01725).

1.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE

Testing required to determine compliance with the work of this section will be the responsibility of the

Government.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

Certificates: Certification from supplier that asphalt cement is of correct type and meets requirements of this section.

1.4 PROJECT CONDITIONS

Apply mixture only during hours of daylight; when air temperature is 50 degrees F or higher; when surfaces to be paved are dry and free of frost, snow, or ice; and when precipitation is not imminent.

3.1 EQUIPMENT

A. Plant, hauling, placing, and rolling equipment shall be adequate to ensure uniformity and continuity of operations and be in good operating condition capable of performing according to manufacturer's specifications. The Contractor may, at his option, use the type plant he desires, provided the equipment meets the following requirements.

B. Requirements for All Plants:

1. Equipment for Preparation of Bituminous Material: Tanks for the storage of bituminous material shall be equipped to heat and hold the material at the required temperatures. The heating shall be accomplished by steam coils, electricity, or other approved means so that flame will not be in contact with the tank. The circulating system for the bituminous material shall be designed to ensure proper and continuous circulation during the operating period. Provision shall be made for measuring and sampling material in storage tanks.

2. Feeder for Dryer: The plant shall be provided with accurate mechanical means for uniformly feeding the aggregate into the dryer to obtain uniform production and temperature.

3. Dryer: The plant shall include a dryer or dryers that continuously agitate the aggregate during the heating and drying process.

4. Screens: Aggregate gradation control shall be provided either with plant screens or screenless plants in accordance with the following methods:

a. METHOD A: Plant screens shall screen the hot aggregate to the specified sizes and proportions and have normal capacities in excess of the full capacity of the mixer.

b. METHOD B: Screenless plants with cold feed control shall have the cold aggregate separated and stored in separate coarse aggregate and fine aggregate stockpiles.

5. Hot Aggregate Bins: Pugmill plants shall include storage bins of sufficient capacity to supply the mixer when it is operating at full capacity. Bins shall be arranged to ensure separate and adequate storage of appropriate fractions of the hot mineral aggregates. Separate dry storage shall be provided for filler or hydrated lime when used, and the plant shall be equipped to feed such material into the mixer. Each bin shall be provided with overflow pipes, of such size and at such locations as to prevent backing up of material into other compartments or bins. Each compartment shall be provided with its individual outlet gate, constructed so that when closed there shall be no leakage. The gates shall cut off quickly and completely. Bins shall be so constructed that samples can be readily obtained. Bins shall be equipped with adequate tell-tale devices to indicate the position of the aggregates in the bins at the lower quarter points.

6. Bituminous Control Unit: Satisfactory means, either by weighing or metering, shall be provided to obtain the proper amount of bituminous material in the mix. Means shall be provided for checking the quantity or rate of flow of bituminous material into the mixer.

7. Thermometric Equipment: An armored thermometer of adequate range shall be fixed in the bituminous feed line at a suitable location near the charging valve at the mixer unit. The plant shall also be equipped with an approved temperature measuring apparatus placed at the discharge chute of the dryer.

8. Emission Control: Dust, smoke, or other contaminants shall be controlled by appropriate devices at the plant site to meet air pollution requirements.

9. Commercial Binders or Fillers: When materials are to be used that require the mixing of commercial binders or fillers with the aggregate, a central mixing plant of the twinpugmill type will be required. Other methods that ensure a thorough and homogeneous mixture will be permitted on written approval.

C. Requirements for Batching Plants:

1. Weight Box or Hopper: The equipment shall include a means for accurately weighing each size of aggregate in a weigh box or hopper suspended on scales and of ample size to hold a full batch without hand raking or running over. The gate shall close tightly so that material is not allowed to leak into the mixer while a batch is being weighed.

2. Bituminous Control:

a. The equipment used to measure the bituminous material shall be accurate to plus or minus

0.5 percent. The bituminous material bucket shall be nontilting type with a loose sheet metal cover. The length of the discharge opening or spray bar shall be not less than 3/4 the length of the mixer and it shall discharge directly into the mixer. The bituminous material bucket, its discharge valve or valves, and spray bar shall be adequately heated. Steam jackets, if used, shall be efficiently drained and all connections shall be so constructed that they will not interfere with the efficient operation of the bituminous scales. The capacity of the bituminous material bucket shall be at least 15 percent in excess of the weight of bituminous material required in any batch. The plant shall have an adequately heated quick-acting, nondrip, charging valve located directly over the bituminous material bucket.

b. The indicator dial shall have a capacity of at least 15 percent in excess of the quantity of bituminous material used in a batch. The dial shall be in full view of the mixer operator. The flow of bituminous material shall be controlled so that it will begin when the dry mixing period is over. All of the bituminous material required for one batch shall be discharged in not more than 15 seconds after the flow has started. The size and spacing of the spray bar openings shall provide a uniform application of bituminous material the full length of the mixer. The section of the bituminous line between the charging valve and the spray bar shall be provided with a valve and outlet for checking the meter when a metering device is substituted for a bituminous material bucket.

3. Mixer:

a. The batch mixer shall be an approved type capable of producing a uniform mixture within the job-mix tolerances. If not enclosed, the mixer box shall be equipped with a dust hood to prevent loss of dust.

b. The clearance of blades from all fixed and moving parts shall not exceed 1 inch unless the maximum diameter of the aggregate in the mix exceeds 1-1/4 inches, in which case the clearance shall not exceed 1-1/2 inches.

D. Requirements for Continuous Mixing Plants:

1. Aggregate Proportioning:

a) The plant shall include means for accurately proportioning each size of aggregate.The plant shall have a feeder mounted under each compartment bin. Each compartment bin shall have an accurately controlled individual gate to form an orifice for measuring the volume of material drawn from each compartment. The feeding orifice shall be rectangular with one dimension adjustable by positive mechanical means provided with a lock.

b) Indicators shall be provided for each gate to show the respective gate opening in inches.

2. Weight Calibration of Aggregate Feed: The plant shall include a revolution counter in good working order and a means for calibration of gate openings by weighing samples. Provision shall be made so that material fed out of individual orifices may be bypassed to individual boxes. The plant shall be equipped to conveniently handle individual samples weighing not less than 200 pounds. Accurate scales shall be provided by the Contractor to weigh such samples.

3. Synchronization of Aggregate Feed and Bituminous Material Feed: Provide means to control the flow of aggregate from the bins and the flow of bituminous material from the meter or other proportioning device.

4. Mixer: The plant shall include a continuous mixer of an approved type, adequately heated, and capable of producing a uniform mixture within the job-mix tolerances. It shall be equipped with a discharge hopper with dump gates which will permit rapid and complete discharge of mixture.

The paddles shall be adjustable for angular position on the shafts and reversible to retard the flow of the mix. The mixer shall have a manufacturer's plate giving the net volumetric contents of the mixer at the several heights inscribed on a permanent gauge. Charts shall be provided showing the rate of feed of aggregate per minute for the aggregate being used.

E. Requirements for Dryer-Drum Mixer Plants:

1. Aggregate Proportioning: Aggregate shall be proportioned at the cold feed control in accordance with Method B.

2. Weight Measurement of Aggregate: The system shall provide positive weight measurement of the combined cold aggregate feed by use of belt scales or other devices which will allow regulation of the feed gate and permit correction for variations in load.

3. Synchronization of Aggregate Feed and Bituminous Material Feed: The bituminous feed control shall be coupled with the total aggregate weight measurement device in such manner as to automatically vary the bitumen feed rate as required to maintain the required proportion.

4. Dryer-Drum Mixer: The dryer-drum mixer shall be of an approved type, capable of adequately heating, drying, and mixing the bitumen-aggregate mixture.

F. Hauling Equipment: Trucks used for hauling bituminous mixtures shall have tight, clean, smooth metal beds which have been thinly coated with a minimum amount of paraffin oil, lime solution, or other approved material to prevent the mixture from adhering to the beds. Each truck shall have a cover of canvas or other suitable material of such size as to protect the mixture from the weather.

G. Bituminous Pavers:

1. Bituminous pavers shall be self-contained, power-propelled units, provided with an activated screed or strike-off assembly, heated if necessary, and capable of spreading and finishing courses of bituminous plant mix material in widths applicable to the specified typical section and thicknesses shown on the drawings.

2. The paver shall be equipped with a receiving hopper having sufficient capacity for a uniform spreading operation. The hopper shall be equipped with a distribution system to place the mixture uniformly in front of the screed.

3. The paving machine shall be equipped with an automatic control system which will control the elevation of the screed and which is automatically actuated by a system of sensor-operated devices which sense and follow reference lines or surfaces on one or both sides of the machine as required.

4. Maintain screed at the proper elevation at each end by controlling the elevation of one end and automatically controlling the transverse slope or by controlling the elevation of each end independently, as directed.

5. The automatic control system shall be capable of working with one of the following devices:

ski-type device at least 30 feet in length; short ski or short shoe; at least 5,000 feet of control line and stakes.

6. When the control line is to be used, it shall be maintained taut and to the grade and alignment established.

7. The screed or strike-off assembly shall effectively produce a finished surface of the required evenness and texture without tearing, shoving or gouging the mixture. The paver shall be capable of being operated at forward speeds consistent with satisfactory laying of the mixture.

H. Rollers:

8. Rollers shall be of the steel-wheel, vibratory, pneumatic tire type, or combination, capable of reversing without backlash. Steel-wheel rollers other than vibrating shall be capable of exerting a force of not less than 250 pounds per inch of width of the roller. Vibrating steel-wheel rollers shall have a minimum weight of 6 tons.

9. Pneumatic-tired rollers shall have smooth tread tires of equal size that will provide a uniform compaction pressure for the full width of the roller and shall be capable of exerting a ground pressure of at least 80 pounds per square inch.

3.2 APPLICATION

A. Conditioning of Existing Surface:

1. When the surface of the existing pavement or old base is irregular, it shall be brought to uniform grade and cross section as directed.

2. Paint contact surfaces of curbing, gutters, manholes, and other structures with a thin, uniform coating of bituminous material before placing the bituminous mixture against them.

B. Preparation of Bituminous Material: Provide a continuous supply of the bituminous material to the mixer at a uniform temperature at all times; avoid local overheating.

C. Preparation of Aggregates:

1. Aggregates for pugmill mixtures shall be dried and heated to the required temperature. Properly adjust flame to avoid damage to the aggregate and to avoid soot on the aggregate.

2. Untreated aggregates for dryer-drum mixtures will not require prior preparation other than gradation control, except that those containing gravitational water shall be stockpiled and allowed to drain prior to mixing. Moisture in final mixture shall be limited to 3 percent maximum.

3.3 MIXING

A. Combine aggregates in the mixer in the amount of each fraction of aggregates required to meet the job-mix formula. The bituminous material shall be measured or gauged and introduced into the mixer in the amount specified by the job-mix formula.

B. After the required amounts of aggregate and bituminous material have been introduced into the mixer, the materials shall be mixed until a complete and uniform coating of the particles is secured.

C. The bituminous material and aggregate for pugmill mixtures shall be introduced into the mixer within 35 degrees F of each other. Temperature of pugmill mixtures shall be controlled between 225 and 300 degrees F.

D. Material delivered to the paver shall not be less than 225 degrees F.

3.4 SPREADING AND FINISHING MIX

A. The mixture shall be laid upon an approved surface, spread and struck off to the grade and elevation established. Use bituminous pavers to distribute the mixture either over the entire width or over such partial width as may be practicable.

B. The longitudinal joint in one layer shall offset that in the layer immediately below by approximately 6 inches.

C. Where paving operations are on the present traveled roadway, and where the thickness of pavement course being placed is greater than 1 inch, the Contractor shall arrange his paving operations so that there will be no exposed longitudinal joint between adjacent travel lanes at the end of a day's run.

D. On areas where irregularities or unavoidable obstacles make the use of mechanical spreading and finishing equipment impracticable, the mixture shall be spread, raked, and luted by hand tools. For such areas the mixture shall be dumped, spread, and screeded to give the required compacted thickness.

E. Transport and place bituminous mixture on the roadway in a manner that will minimize segregation.

Remove segregated areas behind the paver immediately and replace the segregated material with specification material before the initial rolling has taken place. The removal and replacement of nonspecification material or unacceptable work shall be accomplished at no additional expense to the

Government.

F. Place bituminous material as continuously as possible. Rollers shall not pass over the unprotected end of a freshly laid mixture unless authorized by the Contracting Officer. Form transverse joints by cutting back on the previous run to expose the full depth of the course. When directed, use a coat of bituminous material on contact surfaces of all joints just before additional mixture is placed against the previously rolled material.

3.5 COMPACTING MIX

A. After the bituminous mixture has been spread and struck off, and surface irregularities have been adjusted, thoroughly and uniformly compact mixture by rolling.

B. Roll surface when the mixture is in the proper condition and when the rolling does not cause undue displacement, cracking or shoving.

C. The number, weight, and type of rollers furnished shall be sufficient to obtain the required compaction while the mixture is in a workable condition.

D. Begin rolling at the sides and proceed longitudinally parallel to the road centerline, each trip overlapping one-half the roller width, gradually progressing to the crown of the road. When paving in echelon or abutting a previously placed lane, roll the longitudinal joint first, then follow regular rolling procedure.

On superelevated curves begin rolling at the low side and progress to the high side by overlapping of longitudinal trips parallel to the centerline.

E. Continue rolling until all roller marks are eliminated and the minimum density specified has been obtained.

F. Any displacement occurring as a result of the reversing of the direction of a roller, or from other causes, shall be corrected at once by the use of rakes and addition of fresh mixture when required. Care shall be exercised in rolling not to displace the line and grade of the edges of the bituminous mixture.

G. To prevent adhesion of the mixture to the rollers, keep wheels properly moistened with water or water mixed with very small quantities of detergent or other approved material. Excess liquid will not be permitted.

H. Along forms, curbs, headers, walls, and other places not accessible to the rollers, thoroughly compact mixture with hand tampers or with mechanical tampers

I. Remove mixture that becomes loose and broken, mixed with dirt, or is in any way defective, and replace with fresh hot mixture; compact to conform with the surrounding area.

3.6 ACCEPTANCE REQUIREMENTS

A. Surface Tolerance: The variation between any two contacts with the surface shall not exceed 3/16 inch in 10 feet. Correct all humps or depressions exceeding the specified tolerance by removing defective work and replacing it with new material at no additional expense to the Government.

B. Density: Acceptable density of the in-place bituminous concrete pavement shall be 95 percent of the optimum values as determined from the job-mix formula. Field sampling and density determinations will be made by the Contracting Officer in accordance with AASHTO T230-68, or an acceptable nuclear procedure.

C. A uniform compacted thickness shall be obtained for each course equal to or greater than the thickness shown. Individual tests shall not vary by more than plus or minus 1/4 inch.

D. Mix Tolerances: The following tolerances for the job-mix formula will be allowed per single test:

Sieve Designation Percent Passing

No. 8 and larger sieves + 8

Smaller than No. 8 to larger than No.

200 sieve

+ 6

No. 200 sieve + 3

Asphalt content, weight percent total mix

+ 0.5

END SECTION 02716

SECTION 02725

CRUSHED SURFACING TOP COURSE

The work of this section consists of furnishing and placing 5/8-inch minus crushed rock aggregate on undisturbed subgrade, compacted and fine graded to receive the hot mix asphalt and concrete paving, or in the case of the campsites fine graded and compacted only.

1.2 SUBMITTALS

If materials are obtained from a commercial source, submit certification from the supplier certifying that aggregate base course meets the requirements of this section.

1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE

Testing required to determine compliance with the requirements for the work of this section will be the responsibility of the Government. The Contractor shall cooperate by rerouting equipment or by temporarily closing the immediate work area being tested.

2.1 AGGREGATE

A. Clean, hard, durable fragments or particles of crushed stone, crushed slag, or crushed or natural gravel.

Materials that break up due to freeze-thaw or wet-dry cycling shall not be used.

1. Coarse Aggregate: AASHTO T96-77, percentage of wear of not more than 50.

2. Fraction passing No. 40 sieve shall have a liquid limit not to exceed 25 and a plasticity index of not more than 6, as determined by AASHTO T89-81 and T90-81, respectively.

3. Material, inclusive of filler, shall meet following screen analysis requirements by weight:

B. FILLER

Finely divided mineral matter such as rock or slag dust, hydrated lime, hydraulic cement, or other suitable mineral matter free from organic impurities and clay.

3.1 PLACING

A. If the required compacted depth exceeds 6 inches, place course in two or more layers of approximately equal thickness. The maximum compacted thickness of any one layer shall not exceed 6 inches.

3.2 MIXING

B. Mix the aggregate by any one of the three following methods.

1. Stationary Plant Method: Mix aggregate base course and appropriate amount of water for compaction in an approved mixer. After mixing, transport aggregate to the job site while it contains the proper moisture content and place on the roadbed with an approved aggregate spreader. Before compaction, remove excess moisture.

2. Travel Plant Method: After the material for each layer has been placed through an aggregate spreader or windrow sizing device, it shall be uniformly mixed by a traveling mixing plant.

3. Road Mix Method: After placing each layer, mix materials at optimum moisture content using motor graders or other approved equipment until the moisture is uniform throughout.

C. When commercial binders or fillers are used with aggregate, mix with a central mixing plant of the twin-pugmill type. Other methods that ensure a thorough and homogenous mixture may be used on written approval.

3.3 COMPACTION

Compact each layer to a density of not less than 95 percent of the maximum density, as determined by

AASHTO T180-74, Method D. Contracting Officer will test density in-place, in accordance with AASHTO

T191-61, T205-64, or other recognized method. Random tests for compacted depth will be made during the progress of the work.

3.4 SURFACE FINISHING

A. Use a smooth steel wheel roller for the final rolling of top surface base course. Water surface and evenly spread loose stones before final rolling. Make minimum of two complete passes over area to embed stones. Correct soft spots developed during rolling.

B. Compacted base course surface shall be smooth and free from waves and other irregularities.

Unsatisfactory portions of base course shall be torn up, reworked, relaid, and rerolled, at no additional expense to the Government.

3.5 MATERIAL ACCEPTANCE REQUIREMENTS

Acceptance will be based on periodic samples and tests taken following mixing and before laying.

3.6 TOLERANCES

A. Surface: The Contracting Officer will test finished surface of the base course with a 10-foot straightedge or other device. The variation between any two contacts with the surface shall not exceed

1/2 inch. Any areas not complying with these tolerances shall be reworked to obtain conformity.

B. Width: Plan dimension, plus or minus 2 inches.

C. Thickness: Plan dimension, plus or minus 1/2 inch.

3.7 MAINTENANCE

Maintain base course in a satisfactory condition until surfaced or until final acceptance.

END OF SECTION 02725

SECTION 311000

SITE CLEARING

PART 1 – GENERAL

1.1 SUMMARY

Section Includes:

A. Protecting existing vegetation to remain.

B. Removing existing vegetation.

C. Clearing and grubbing.

D. Temporary erosion- and sedimentation-control measures.

1.2 MATERIAL OWNERSHIP

Except for stripped topsoil and other materials indicated to be stockpiled or otherwise remain Owner's property, cleared materials shall become Contractor's property and shall be removed from Project site.

1.3 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Traffic: Minimize interference with adjoining roads, streets, walks, and other adjacent occupied or used facilities during site-clearing operations.

a) Do not close or obstruct streets, walks, or other adjacent occupied or used facilities without permission from Contracting Officer.

b) Provide alternate routes around closed or obstructed traffic ways if required by Contracting

Officer.

B. Utility Locator Service: Notify utility locator service for area where Project is located before site clearing.

C. Do not commence site clearing operations until temporary erosion- and sedimentation control and plant-protection measures are in place.

D. The following practices are prohibited within protection zones:

a) Storage of construction materials, debris, or excavated material.

b) Parking vehicles or equipment.

c) Foot traffic.

d) Erection of sheds or…