12FPC321Q0073 Attachment 1 Specifications.pdf

Vanhyning WRP

Greene COUNTY, ILLINOIS

INDEX OF CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS

NUMBER NAME

2 Clearing and Grubbing

6 Seeding, Sprigging and Mulching

8 Mobilization & Demobilization

10 Water for Construction

11 Removal of Water

21 Excavation

23 Earthfill

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Vanhyning WRP, Greene County, IL., August 2019

Construction Specification 2—Clearing and Grubbing

1. Scope The work consists of clearing and grubbing and disposal of trees, snags, logs, brush, stumps, shrubs, and rubbish from the designated areas.

2. Protection of existing vegetation Trees and other vegetation designated to remain undisturbed shall be protected from damage throughout the duration of the construction period. Any damages resulting from the contractor's operations or neglect shall be repaired by the contractor.

Earthfill, stockpiling of materials, vehicular parking, and excessive foot or vehicular traffic shall not be allowed within the drip line of vegetation designated to remain in place. Vegetation damaged by any of these or similar actions shall be replaced with viable vegetation of the same species, similar condition, and like size unless otherwise approved by the contracting officer.

Any cuts, skins, scrapes, or bruises to the bark of the vegetation shall be carefully trimmed and local nursery accepted procedures used to seal damaged bark.

Any limbs or branches 0.5 inch or larger in diameter that are broken, severed, or otherwise seriously damaged during construction shall be cut off at the base of the damaged limb or branch flush with the adjacent limb or tree trunk. All roots 1-inch or larger in diameter that are cut, broken, or otherwise severed during construction operations shall have the end smoothly cut perpendicular to the root. Roots exposed during excavation or other operations shall be covered with moist earth or backfilled as soon as possible to prevent the roots from drying out.

3. Marking The limits of the area(s) to be cleared and grubbed will be marked by stakes, flags, tree markings, or other suitable methods. Trees to be left standing and uninjured will be designated by special markings placed on the trunk about 6 feet above the ground surface.

4. Clearing and grubbing All trees not marked for preservation and all snags, logs, brush, stumps, shrubs, rubbish, and similar materials shall be cleared from within the limits of the designated areas. Unless otherwise specified, all stumps, roots, and root clusters that have a diameter of 1 inch or larger shall be grubbed out to a depth of at least 2 feet below subgrade for concrete structures and 1 foot below the ground surface at embankment sites and other designated areas.

5. Disposal All materials cleared and grubbed from the designated areas shall be disposed of at locations shown on the drawings or in a manner specified in section 7. The contractor is responsible for complying with all local rules and regulations and the payment of any and all fees that may result from disposal at locations away from the project site.

6. Measurement and payment Method 1—For items of work for which specific units prices are established in the contract, the cleared and grubbed area is measured to the nearest 0.1 acre. Payment for clearing and grubbing is made for the total area within the designated limits at the contract unit price. Such payment will

2-2 constitute full compensation for all labor, equipment, tools, and all other items necessary and incidental to the completion of the work.

Method 2—For items of work for which specific unit prices are established in the contract, the length of the cleared and grubbed area is measured to the nearest full station (100 feet) along the line designated on the drawing or identified in the specifications. Payment for clearing and grubbing is made for the total length within the designated limits at the contract unit price. Such payment will constitute full compensation for all labor, equipment, tools, and all other items necessary and incidental to the completion of the work.

Method 3—For items of work for which specific unit prices are established in the contract, each tree, stump, and snag having a diameter of 4 inches or larger and each log having a diameter of 4 inches or larger and a length of 10 feet are measured before removal. The size of each tree and snag is determined by measuring its trunk at breast height above the natural ground surface. The size of each log is determined by measuring the butt and by measuring its length from butt to tip.

The size of each stump is measured at the top. Diameter is determined by dividing the measured circumference by 3.14.

Payment for clearing and grubbing of each tree, stump, and snag having a diameter of 4 inches or larger and each log having a diameter of 4 inches or larger and a length of 10 feet or larger is made at the contract unit price for its size designation as determined by the following schedule:

Measured diameter Size designation

(in) (in)

4 to 8 6 8 to 12 10 12 to 24 18 24 to 36 30 36 to 60 48 Over 60 60

The sum of such payments shall constitute full compensation for clearing and grubbing (including the clearing and grubbing of smaller trees, stumps, snags, logs, brush, shrubs, and roots), applicable permits and associated fees, and rubbish removal. Such payment shall constitute full compensation for all labor, equipment, tools, and all other items necessary and incidental to the completion of the work.

Method 4—For items of work for which specific lump sum prices are established in the contract, payment for clearing and grubbing is made at the contract lump sum price. Such payment shall constitute full compensation for all labor, equipment, tools, and all other items necessary and incidental to the completion of the work.

All Methods—The following provisions apply to all methods of measurement and payment.

Compensation for any item of work described in the contract, but not listed in the bid schedule will be included in the payment for the item of work to which it is made subsidiary. Such items and the items to which they are made subsidiary are identified in section 7.

7. Items of work and construction details

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This work item shall consist of furnishing all labor, equipment, material for removal of all trees, branches, sod, and other materials, in the designated areas shown on the plans. The work shall be done prior to construction of the proposed auxiliary spillway and removal of borrow material to be used at another location on the project site as earth fill.

(a) Disposal - All cleared and grubbed woody material shall be placed in an area approved by the Inspector prior to placement and in an environmentally acceptable manner that does not violate federal, state, or local rules and regulations.

(b) Payment - Measurement and payment for Bid Item #2, Clearing and Grubbing shall be by Method 4, Lump Sum. Such payment shall constitute full compensation for all labor, equipment, materials, tools and other items necessary to complete the work.

(c) Items subsidiary to this Bid Item are: Excavation

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Construction Specification 6—Seeding, Sprigging, and Mulching

The work consists of preparing the area for treatment; furnishing and placing seed, sprigs, mulch, fertilizer, inoculant, lime, and other soil amendments; and anchoring mulch in designated areas as specified.

2. Material Seed—All seed shall conform to the current rules and regulations of the state where it is being used and shall be from the latest crop available. It shall meet or exceed the standard for purity and germination listed in section 7.

Seed shall be labeled in accordance with the state laws and the U.S. Department of Agriculture rules and regulations under the Federal Seed Act in effect on the date of invitations for bids. Bag tag figures are evidence of purity and germination. No seed will be accepted with a test date of more than 9 months before the delivery date to the site.

Seed that has become wet, moldy, or otherwise damaged in transit or storage will not be accepted.

The percent of noxious weed seed allowable shall be as defined in the current State laws relating to agricultural seeds. Each type of seed shall be delivered in separate sealed containers and fully tagged unless exception is granted in writing by the contracting officer.

Fertilizer—Unless otherwise specified, the fertilizer shall be a commercial grade fertilizer. It shall meet the standard for grade and quality specified by State law. Where fertilizer is furnished from bulk storage, the contractor shall furnish a supplier's certification of analysis and weight.

When required by the contract, a representative sample of the fertilizer shall be furnished to the contracting officer for chemical analysis.

Inoculants—The inoculant for treating legume seeds shall be a pure culture of nitrogen-fixing bacteria prepared specifically for the species and shall not be used later than the date indicated on the container or as otherwise specified. A mixing medium, as recommended by the manufacturer, shall be used to bond the inoculant to the seed. Two times the amount of the inoculant recommended by the manufacturer shall be used except four times the amount shall be used when seed is applied using a hydraulic seeder. Seed shall be sown within 24 hours of treatment and shall not remain in the hydraulic seeder longer than 4 hours.

Lime and other soil amendments—Lime shall consist of standard ground agriculture limestone, or approved equivalent. Standard ground agriculture limestone is defined as ground limestone meeting current requirements of the State Department of Agriculture. Other soil amendments shall meet quality criteria and application requirements specified in section 7.

Mulch tackifiers—Asphalt emulsion tackifiers shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D 977, Specification for Emulsified Asphalt. The emulsified asphalt may be rapid setting, medium setting, or slow setting. Nonasphaltic tackifiers required because of environmental considerations shall be as specified in section 7.

Straw mulch material—Straw mulch shall consist of wheat, barley, oat or rye straw, hay, grass cut from native grasses, or other plants as specified in section 7. The mulch material shall be air-

6-2 dry, reasonably light in color, and shall not be musty, moldy, caked, or otherwise of low quality.

The use of mulch that contains noxious weeds is not permitted. The contractor shall provide a method satisfactory to the contracting officer for determining weight of mulch furnished.

Other mulch materials—Mulching materials, such as wood cellulose fiber mulch, mulch tackifiers, synthetic fiber mulch, netting, and mesh, are other mulching materials that may be required for specialized locations and conditions. These materials, when specified, must be accompanied by the manufacturer's recommendations for methods of application.

3. Seeding mixtures, sod, sprigs, and dates of planting The application rate per acre for seed mixtures, sprigs, or sod and date of seeding or planting shall be as shown on the plans or as specified in section 7.

4. Seedbed preparation and treatment Areas to be treated shall be dressed to a smooth, firm surface. On sites where equipment can operate on slopes safely, the seedbed shall be adequately loosened (4 to 6 inches deep) and smoothed. Depending on soil and moisture conditions, disking or cultipacking, or both, may be necessary to properly prepare a seedbed. Where equipment cannot operate safely, the seedbed shall be prepared by hand methods by scarifying to provide a roughened soil surface so that broadcast seed will remain in place.

If seeding is to be accomplished immediately following construction operations, seedbed preparation may not be required except on a compacted, polished, or freshly cut soil surface.

Rocks larger than 6 inches in diameter, trash, weeds, and other debris that will interfere with seeding or maintenance operations shall be removed or disposed of as specified in section 7.

Seedbed preparation shall be discontinued when soil moisture conditions are not suitable for the preparation of a satisfactory seedbed as determined by the contracting officer's technical representative (COTR).

5. Seeding, sprigging, fertilizing, mulching, and stabilizing All seeding or sprigging operations shall be performed in such a manner that the seed or sprigs are applied in the specified quantities uniformly in the designated areas. The method and rate of seed application shall be as specified in section 7. Unless otherwise specified, seeding or sprigging shall be accomplished within 2 days after final grading is completed and approved.

Fertilizer, lime, and other soil amendments shall be applied as specified in section 7. When specified, the fertilizer and soil amendments shall be thoroughly incorporated into the soil immediately following surface application.

The rate, amount, and kind of mulching or mesh shall be as specified in section 7. Mulches shall be applied uniformly to the designated areas. They shall be applied to areas seeded not later than 2 working days after seeding has been performed. Straw mulch material shall be stabilized within 24 hours of application using a mulch crimper or equivalent anchoring tool or by a suitable tackifier. When the mulch crimper or equivalent anchoring tool is used, it shall have straight blades and be the type manufactured expressly for and capable of firmly punching the mulch into the soil. Where the equipment can be safely operated, it shall be operated on the contour. Hand methods shall be used where equipment cannot safely operate to perform the work required.

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The tackifier shall be applied uniformly over the mulch material at the specified rate, or it shall be injected into the mulch material as it is being applied. Mesh or netting stabilizing materials shall be applied smoothly, but loosely on the designated areas. The edges of these materials shall be buried or securely anchored using spikes or staples as specified in section 7.

The contractor shall maintain the mesh or netting areas until all work under the contract has been completed and accepted. Maintenance shall consist of the repair of areas damaged by water erosion, wind, fire, or other causes. Such areas shall be repaired to reestablish the intended condition and to the design lines and grades required by the contract. The areas shall be refertilized, reseeded, and remulched before the new application of the mesh or netting.

6. Measurement and payment Method 1—For items of work for which specific unit prices are established in the contract, each area treated is measured as specified in section 7 and the area calculated to the nearest 0.1 acre.

Payment for treatment is made at the contract unit price for the designated treatment, which will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

When specified as an item of work, mesh or netting is measured to the nearest square yard of surface area covered and accepted. Payment is made at the contract unit price and will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

Method 2—For items of work for which specific lump sum prices are established in the contract, the quantity of work will not be measured for payment. Payment for this item is made at the contract lump sum price for the item and will constitute full compensation for the completion of the work.

Method 3—For items of work for which lump sum prices are established in the contract, payment is made as the work proceeds. Progress payments will be determined as specified in section 7.

Payment of the lump sum contract price will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

All Methods—The following provisions apply to all methods of measurement and payment.

Compensation for any item of work described in the contract, but not listed in the bid schedule is included in the payment for the item of work to which it is made subsidiary. Such items and the item(s) to which they are made subsidiary are identified in section 7.

7. Items of work and construction details

Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and construction details are:

A. Bid Item 5 - Seeding and Mulching

1. This item consists of furnishing all labor, equipment, materials, for placing fertilizer, preparing the seedbed, seeding, and mulching all reconstructed levees and structure sites as specified on the plans and drawings.

2. Time of Seeding Seeding shall be completed during one of the following time periods:

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PERMANENT SEEDING DATES:

Late Winter – June 5th

DORMANT SEEDING DATES:

November 15 – Freeze Up

Temporary Seeding shall be used if permanent seeding cannot be used due to seeding date restriction.

Fertilizer

The following minimum amounts of fertilizer are required per acre on all areas to be seeded:

Permanent Seeding:

Nitrogen (N) - 120 pounds/acre of actual Nitrogen Phosphorous (P) - 120 pounds/acre of P205 Potassium (K) - 120 pounds/acre of K20

Temporary Seeding:

Nitrogen (N) - 60 pounds/acre of actual Nitrogen Phosphorous (P) - 60 pounds/acre of P205 Potassium (K) - 60 pounds/acre of K20

3. Seed

Seed shall have the equivalent of a minimum of 80% pure live seed. When the percentage of purity multiplied by the percentage of germination gives a percentage of pure live seed less than stated above, the rate of seeding will be increased proportionally.

Calculate as follows:

PLS = % germination x % purity

• PLS = Pure Live Seed - To determine PLS of a lot of seed, multiply the percent germination times percent purity. To determine total seed needed, divide lb. PLS required by percent PLS.

Permanent Seeding mixture and rate per acre are as follows:

Cave-In-Rock Switchgrass 8 lbs. PLS Per acre Oats 32 lbs. PLS Per acre

Temporary Seeding mixture and rate per acre are as follows:

Cereal Rye - 90 lbs. PLS Per acre

4. Sowing the Seed

Seeding will be carried out using either of the following classes:

Class 1 - The seed will be drilled approximately ¼ to ½ inch deep and cultipacked or rolled once over with a corrugated roller on all areas where equipment can be

6-5 operated safely. Seeding operations will be across the slope.

Class 2 - The seed will be broadcast and covered with a roller of cultipacker, or a cultipacker seeder shall be used.

Class 3 - The seed will be seeded with a hydraulic seeder using no less than 1,000 gallons of water per acre. The water shall contain the proper quantity of seed to meet the specified seeding rate per acre. Immediately after seeding, all areas where equipment can be operated safely shall be rolled across the slope with a suitable roller of cultipacker.

On other areas too steep or otherwise inaccessible to equipment, the seed shall be covered with a light harrow or other suitable equipment.

5. The mulch shall consist of bright small grain straw free of noxious weed seed and uniformly applied at a rate of two tons air dry material per acre. This is equivalent to an application rate of 90 lb/1000 sq. ft.

6. Straw mulch shall be anchored by Class A as specified.

Class A - Straight Serrated Disk - The mulch shall be anchored with an anchoring tool that has serrated straight disks that punches mulch into the ground at a depth of approximately 2 inches. The operation shall be performed perpendicular to the direction of the slope.

7. In Section 6, Measurement and Payment, Method 2 shall apply.

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Construction Specification 8—Mobilization and Demobilization

The work consists of the mobilization and demobilization of the contractor's forces and equipment necessary for performing the work required under the contract. It does not include mobilization and demobilization for specific items of work for which payment is provided elsewhere in the contract. Mobilization will not be considered as work in fulfilling the contract requirements for commencement of work.

2. Equipment and material Mobilization shall include all activities and associated costs for transportation of contractor's personnel, equipment, and operating supplies to the site; establishment of offices, buildings, and other necessary general facilities for the contractor's operations at the site; premiums paid for performance and payment bonds including coinsurance and reinsurance agreements as applicable;

and other items specified in section 4 of this specification.

Demobilization shall include all activities and costs for transportation of personnel, equipment, and supplies not required or included in the contract from the site; including the disassembly, removal, and site cleanup of offices, buildings, and other facilities assembled on the site specifically for this contract.

This work includes mobilization and demobilization required by the contract at the time of award.

If additional mobilization and demobilization activities and costs are required during the performance of the contract as a result of changed, deleted, or added items of work for which the contractor is entitled to an adjustment in contract price, compensation for such costs will be included in the price adjustment for the item or items of work changed or added.

3. Payment Payment will be made as the work proceeds, after presentation of paid invoices or documentation of direct costs by the contractor showing specific mobilization and demobilization costs and supporting evidence of the charges of suppliers, subcontractors, and others. When the total of such payments is less than the lump sum contract price, the balance remaining will be included in the final contract payment. Payment of the lump sum contract price for mobilization and demobilization will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

Payment will not be made under this item for the purchase costs of materials having a residual value, the purchase costs of materials to be incorporated in the project, or the purchase costs of operating supplies.

4. Items of work and construction details

Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and the construction details thereof are:

A. Bid Item 1, Mobilization and Demobilization

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1. This item shall consist of the mobilization and demobilization of the contractor's forces and equipment as well as all permitting, bonding and insurance requirements necessary to perform the work required under this contract.

2. Access to the site shall be as shown on the drawings. After construction, routes will be returned to preconstruction condition or better.

3. All earthmoving equipment utilized for the work shall meet the requirements of OSHA, Paragraph 1926.602. In addition, roll-over protection and safety belts shall be installed, maintained, and utilized regardless of the equipment age or struck capacity. This includes earthmoving equipment as mentioned in Part 1926, Subpart 0, Sections 1926.602 and Subpart W, Sections 1000, 1001, and 1002, to include skid-steer and self propelled compactor equipment.

4. The contractor shall perform the work in such a manner as to control erosion and minimize the production of sediments, disturbed ground, and other pollutants to the water and air during construction operations.

5. The contractor should take all precautions necessary to protect existing utilities, including proper notification of the Illinois one-call system. Payment for Bid Item 1 - Mobilization and Demobilization shall be lump sum. As specified in Section 3, payment shall constitute full compensation for all labor, equipment, materials, tools and other items necessary to complete the work.

6. Payment for Bid Item 1 - Mobilization and Demobilization shall be lump sum. As specified in Section 3, payment shall constitute full compensation for all labor, equipment, materials, tools and other items necessary to complete the work.

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Construction Specification 10—Water for Construction

1. Scope The work consists of furnishing, transporting, measuring, and applying water as specified.

2. Facilities and equipment The contractor shall install and maintain access and haul roads and furnish, operate, and maintain all pumps, meters, piping, tanks, storage, and other facilities required to load, transport, store, distribute, and use construction water as specified.

These facilities shall be equipped with accurate, work dedicated meters; tanks of known volume;

or other devices that provide a correct measurement of water supplied. Meters shall be installed at the point of delivery into water hauling equipment or application system, such as sprinkler systems or flooding systems, as specified.

3. Dust abatement and haul road maintenance Water for dust abatement and haul road maintenance shall be applied to haul roads and other dust producing areas as needed to prevent air pollution or excessive dust (which causes impaired vision on trafficked roads and in work areas) and to maintain the roads in good condition for safe and efficient operation during periods of use. Roads that may be jointly used with the public and by the contractor's equipment shall have dust abatement provisions acceptable to the public entity that has road maintenance responsibility. Compensation for water used for dust abatement and haul road maintenance shall be as specified in section 8 of this specification.

4. Earthfill, drainfill, and rockfill Water required for proper installation of earthfill, drainfill, and/or rockfill shall be used in the fill materials as specified in the applicable construction specification(s). Compensation for construction water used for earthfill, drainfill, and/or rockfill shall be as specified in section 8 of this specification.

5. Concrete, mortar, and grout Water required in the mixing or curing of concrete, shotcrete, roller compacted concrete, or other portland cement mortar or grout shall meet the requirements of the applicable construction specifications and shall be used in conformance with those specifications. Payment for construction water used in these items is covered by the applicable concrete, mortar, or grout specification, or a combination of these.

6. Other construction requiring water Water required and used for other construction activities under this contract, but not specifically covered by this specification shall be considered subsidiary to the item(s) of work that requires its use.

7. Measurement and payment Method 1—For water items for which specific unit prices are established in the contract, the volume of water furnished and used in accordance with the specifications will be measured to the nearest 1,000 gallons.

Payment for water is made at the contract unit price. Such payment will constitute full compensation for the direct costs of water. All other costs necessary for transportation, distribution, and application are subsidiary to the items of work with which they are associated.

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Method 2—For water items for which specific unit prices are established in the contract, the volume of water furnished and used in accordance with the specifications will be measured to the nearest 1,000 gallons.

Payment for water and the cost associated with transportation, distribution, and application is made at the contract unit price. Such payment will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

Method 3—For water items for which specific unit prices are established in the contract, the volume of water used in accordance with the specifications will be measured to the nearest 1,000 gallons.

Payment for water is made at the contract unit price. Such payment, excluding water cost, will constitute full compensation for completion of the work.

All methods—The following provisions apply to all methods of measurement and payment:

• The measurement for payment will include all water used except as noted in sections 5, 6, and 8 of this specification. Measurement for payment will not include water that is used inappropriately or in excess of that needed to accomplish the specified task.

• Compensation for any item of work described in the contract, but not listed in the bid schedule is included in the payment for the item of work to which it is made subsidiary.

Such items and the items to which they are made subsidiary are identified in section 8 of this specification.

8. Items of work and construction details

Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and construction details are:

A. Subsidiary Item – Water for Construction

1. This item consists of furnishing all labor, equipment and materials for transporting and applying water for proper installation of earthfill for levees and fill areas.

2. In Section 4, Earthfill, Drainfill, and Rockfill, requirements for applying water to earthfill to meet compaction requirements will be determined by the engineer during construction.

3. In Section 7, Measurement and Payment, no separate measurement and payment for Water for Construction, compensation for this item shall be included in Bid Item 3, Earthfill.

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Construction Specification 11—Removal of Water

The work consists of the removal of surface water and ground water as necessary to perform the construction required by the contract in accordance with the specifications. It shall include: (1) constructing, installing, building, and maintaining all necessary temporary water containment facilities, channels, and diversions; (2) furnishing, installing, and operating all necessary pumps, piping, and other facilities and equipment; and (3) removing all such temporary works and equipment after their intended function is no longer required.

2. Diverting surface water The contractor shall install, maintain, and operate all cofferdams, channels, flumes, sumps, and all other temporary diversion and protective works needed to divert streamflow and other surface water through or around the construction site. Control of surface water shall be continuous during the period that damage to construction work could occur. Unless otherwise specified and/or approved, the diversion outlet shall be into the same drainageway that the water would have reached before being diverted.

The contractor shall furnish the contracting officer, in writing, a proposed plan for diverting surface water before beginning any construction activities for which a diversion is required, unless waived in section 8 of this specification. Acceptance of this plan or the waiving of the plan requirement will not relieve the contractor of the responsibilities related to this activity during the process of completing the work as specified.

3. Dewatering the construction site Foundations, cutoff trenches, and all other parts of the construction site shall be dewatered and kept free of standing water and muddy conditions as necessary for the proper execution of the work. The contractor shall furnish, install, operate, and maintain all drains, sumps, pumps, casings, well points, and all other equipment required to properly dewater the site as specified.

Dewatering systems that cause a loss of soil fines from the foundation areas will not be permitted.

The contractor shall furnish the contracting officer, in writing, a proposed plan for dewatering before commencing with any construction activity for which dewatering may be required, unless waived in section 8 of this specification. Acceptance of this plan or the waiving of the plan requirement will not relieve the contractor of the responsibilities for completing the specified work.

4. Dewatering borrow areas The contractor shall maintain all borrow areas free of surface water or otherwise provide for timely and effective removal of surface and subsurface water that accumulates within the borrow area, unless waived in section 8 of this specification. Borrow material shall be processed as necessary to achieve proper and uniform moisture content at the time of placement.

If pumping to dewater borrow areas is included as a bid item of work in the bid schedule, each pump discharge pipe shall be equipped with a water meter. The meter shall be such that the measured quantity of water is accurate within 3 percent of the true quantity. The contractor shall provide necessary support to perform accuracy tests of the water meter when requested by the contracting officer.

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5. Erosion and pollution control Removal of water from the construction site, including the borrow areas, shall be accomplished so that erosion and the transporting of sediment and other pollutants are minimized. Dewatering activities shall be accomplished in a manner that the water table water quality is not altered.

Pollution control activities shall not conflict with the requirements of Construction Specification 5, Pollution Control, if it is a part of this contract.

6. Removal of temporary works When temporary works are no longer needed, the contractor shall remove and return the area to a condition similar to that which existed before construction. Areas where temporary works were located shall be graded for sightly appearance with no obstruction to natural surface waterflows or the proper functioning and access to the works of improvement installed. The contractor shall exercise extreme care during the removal stages to minimize the loss of soil sediment and debris that was trapped during construction.

Pipes, casings, and any other material used to dewater the site shall be removed from temporary wells. The wells shall be filled to ground level with clean gravel or other suitable material approved by the contracting officer. The contractor shall exercise extreme care to prevent pollution of the ground water by these actions.

7. Measurement and payment Method 1—Items of work listed in the bid schedule for removal of water, diverting surface water, and dewatering construction sites and borrow areas are paid for at the contract lump sum prices.

Such payment will constitute full compensation for all labor, equipment, tools, and all other items necessary and incidental to the completion of the work.

Method 2—Items of work listed in the bid schedule for removal of water, diverting surface water, dewatering construction sites, and dewatering borrow areas are paid for at the contract lump sum prices. Such payment will constitute full compensation for furnishing, installing, operating, and maintaining the necessary trenches, drains, sumps, pumps, and piping and for all labor, equipment, tools, and all other items necessary and incidental to the completion of the work. The exception is that additional payment for pumping to dewater borrow areas and the removal of water will be made as described in the following paragraph.

If pumping to dewater borrow areas is a contract bid item, payment is made at the contract unit price, which shall be the price per 1,000 gallons shown in the bid schedule. Such payment will constitute full compensation for pumping only. Compensation for equipment and preparation and for other costs associated with pumping is included in the lump sum payment for removal of water or the lump sum payment for dewatering the borrow areas. Payment is made only for pumping that is necessary to dewater borrow areas that cannot be effectively drained by gravity or that must have the water table lowered to be usable as a suitable borrow source. Pumping for other purposes will not be included for payment under this item.

All Methods—The following provisions apply to all methods of measurement and payment.

Compensation for any item of work described in the contract, but not listed in the bid schedule is included in the payment for the contract line item to which it is made subsidiary. Such items and the items to which they are made subsidiary are identified in section 8 of this specification.

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8. Items of work and construction details

Items of work to be performed in conformance with this specification and the construction details thereof are:

A. Subsidiary Item, Removal of Water

1. Dewatering the site may or may not be necessary during construction to perform the work specified. Any costs associated with dewatering shall be included in the contract work.

2. No separate compensation shall be made for this item. All compensation for the labor, equipment, materials, tools and other items necessary to complete the work shall be included in Bid Item #3 – Earthfill.

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Construction Specification 23—Earthfill

1. Scope The work consists of the construction of earth embankments, other earthfills, and earth backfills required by the drawings and specifications.

Earthfill is composed of natural earth materials that can be placed and compacted by construction equipment operated in a conventional manner.

Earth backfill is composed of natural earth material placed and compacted in confined spaces or adjacent to structures (including pipes) by hand tamping, manually directed power tampers or vibrating plates, or their equivalent.

2. Material All fill material shall be obtained from required excavations and designated borrow areas. The selection, blending, routing, and disposition of material in the various fills shall be subject to approval by the engineer.

Fill materials shall contain no frozen soil, sod, brush, roots, or other perishable material. Rock particles larger than the maximum size specified for each type of fill shall be removed prior to compaction of the fill.

The types of material used in the various fills shall be as listed and described in the specifications and drawings.

3. Foundation preparation Foundations for earthfill shall be stripped to remove vegetation and other unsuitable material or shall be excavated as specified.

Except as otherwise specified, earth foundation surfaces shall be graded to remove surface irregularities and shall be scarified parallel to the axis of the fill or otherwise acceptably scored and loosened to a minimum depth of 2 inches. The moisture content of the loosened material shall be controlled as specified for the earthfill, and the surface material of the foundation shall be compacted and bonded with the first layer of earthfill as specified for subsequent layers of earthfill.

Earth abutment surfaces shall be free of loose, uncompacted earth in excess of 2 inches in depth normal to the slope and shall be at such a moisture content that the earthfill can be compacted against them to produce a good bond between the fill and the abutments.

Rock foundation and abutment surfaces shall be cleared of all loose material by hand or other effective means and shall be free of standing water when fill is placed upon them. Occasional rock outcrops in earth foundations for earthfill, except in dams and other structures designed to restrain the movement of water, shall not require special treatment if they do not interfere with compaction of the foundation and initial layers of the fill or the bond between the foundation and the fill.

Foundation and abutment surfaces shall be no steeper than one horizontal to one vertical unless otherwise specified. Test pits or other cavities shall be filled with compacted earthfill conforming to the specifications for the earthfill to be placed upon the foundation.

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4. Placement Earthfill shall not be placed until the required excavation and foundation preparation have been completed and the foundation has been inspected and approved by the engineer. Earthfill shall not be placed upon a frozen surface nor shall snow, ice, or frozen material be incorporated in the earthfill matrix.

Earthfill shall be placed in approximately horizontal layers. The thickness of each layer before compaction shall not exceed the maximum thickness specified in section 10 or shown on the drawings. Materials placed by dumping in piles or windrows shall be spread uniformly to not more than the specified thickness before being compacted.

Hand compacted earth backfill shall be placed in layers whose thickness before compaction does not exceed the maximum thickness specified for layers of earth backfill compacted by manually directed power tampers.

Earth backfill shall be placed in a manner that prevents damage to the structures and allows the structures to assume the loads from the earth backfill gradually and uniformly. The height of the earth backfill adjacent to a structure shall be increased at approximately the same rate on all sides of the structure.

Earthfill and earth backfill in dams, levees, and other structures designed to restrain the movement of water shall be placed to meet the following additional requirements:

(a) The distribution of materials throughout each zone shall be essentially uniform, and the earthfill shall be free from lenses, pockets, streaks, or layers of material differing substantially in texture, moisture content, or gradation from the surrounding material.

Zone earthfills shall be constructed concurrently unless otherwise specified.

(b) The surface of each layer shall be scarified parallel to the axis of the fill to a depth of not less than 2 inches before the next layer is placed.

(c) The top surface of embankments shall be maintained approximately level during construction with two exceptions: A crown or cross-slope of about 2 percent shall be maintained to ensure effective drainage, or as otherwise specified for drainfill or sectional zones.

(d) Dam embankments shall be constructed in continuous layers from abutment to abutment except where openings to facilitate construction or to allow the passage of streamflow during construction are specifically authorized in the contract.

(e) Embankments built at different levels as described under (c) or (d) above shall be constructed so that the slope of the bonding surfaces between embankment in place and embankment to be placed is not steeper than 3 feet horizontal to 1 foot vertical. The bonding surface of the embankment in place shall be stripped of all material not meeting the requirements of this specification and shall be scarified, moistened, and recompacted when the new earthfill is placed against it. This ensures a good bond with the new earthfill and obtains the specified moisture content and density at the contact of the inplace and new earthfills.

5. Control of moisture content During placement and compaction of earthfill and earth backfill, the moisture content of the material being placed shall be maintained within the specified range.

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The application of water to the earthfill material shall be accomplished at the borrow areas insofar as practicable. Water may be applied by sprinkling the material after placement on the earthfill, if necessary. Uniform moisture distribution shall be obtained by disking.

Material that is too wet when deposited on the earthfill shall either be removed or be dried to the specified moisture content prior to compaction.

If the top surface of the preceding layer of compacted earthfill or a foundation or abutment surface in the zone of contact with the earthfill becomes too dry to permit suitable bond, it shall either be removed or scarified and moistened by sprinkling to an acceptable moisture content before placement of the next layer of earthfill.

6. Compaction Earthfill—Earthfill shall be compacted according to the following requirements for the class of compaction specified:

Class A compaction—Each layer of earthfill shall be compacted as necessary to provide the density of the earthfill matrix not less than the minimum density specified in Section 10 or identified on the drawings. The earthfill matrix is defined as the portion of the earthfill material finer than the maximum particle size allowed in the reference compaction test method specified (ASTM D698 or ASTM D1557).

Class B compaction—Each layer of earthfill shall be compacted to a mass density not less than the minimum density specified.

Class C compaction—Each layer of earthfill shall be compacted by the specified number of passes of the type and weight of roller or other equipment specified or by an approved equivalent method. Each pass shall consist of at least one passage of the roller wheel or drum over the entire surface of the layer.

Earth backfill—Earth backfill adjacent to structures shall be compacted to a density equivalent to that of the surrounding inplace earth material or adjacent required earthfill or earth backfill.

Compaction shall be accomplished by hand tamping or manually directed power tampers, plate vibrators, walk-behind, miniature, or self-propelled rollers. Unless otherwise specified heavy equipment including backhoe mounted power tampers or vibrating compactors and manually directed vibrating rollers shall not be operated within 3 feet of any structure. Towed or self-propelled vibrating rollers shall not be operated within 5 feet of any structure. Compaction by means of drop weights operating from a crane or hoist is not permitted.

The passage of heavy equipment will not be allowed:

• Over cast-in-place conduits within 14-days after placement of the concrete

• Over cradled or bedded precast conduits within 7 days after placement of the concrete cradle or bedding

• Over any type of conduit until the backfill has been placed above the top surface of the structure to a height equal to one-half the clear span width of the structure or pipe or 3 feet, whichever is greater, except as may be specified in section 10.

Compacting of earth backfill adjacent to structures shall not be started until the concrete has attained the strength specified in section 10 for this purpose. The strength is determined by compression testing of test cylinders cast by the contractor's quality control personnel for this purpose and cured at the work site in the manner specified in ASTM C 31 for determining when a structure may be put into service.

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When the required strength of the concrete is not specified as described above, compaction of earth backfill adjacent to structures shall not be started until the following time intervals have elapsed after placement of the concrete.

Structure Time interval (days)

Vertical or near-vertical walls with earth loading on one side only 14

Walls backfilled on both sides simultaneously 7

Conduits and spillway risers, cast-in-place (with inside forms in place) 7

Conduits and spillway risers, cast-in-place (inside forms removed) 14

Conduits, pre-cast, cradled 2

Conduits, pre-cast, bedded 1

Cantilever outlet bents (backfilled both sides simultaneously) 3

7. Reworking or removal and replacement of defective earthfill Earthfill placed at densities lower than the specified minimum density or at moisture contents outside the specified acceptable range of moisture content or otherwise not conforming to the requirements of the specifications shall be reworked to meet the requirements or removed and replaced by acceptable earthfill. The replacement earthfill and the foundation, abutment, and earthfill surfaces upon which it is placed shall conform to all requirements of this specification for foundation preparation, approval, placement, moisture control, and compaction.

8. Testing During the course of the work, the contractor shall perform quality control tests, as applicable, to identify earthfill and earth backfill materials; determine the reference maximum density and optimum moisture content; and document that the moisture content of material at the time of compaction and the density of earthfill and earth backfill in place conform to the requirements of this specification.

Determining Reference Maximum Density and Optimum Moisture Content—For Class A compaction, the reference maximum density and optimum moisture content shall be determined in accordance with the compaction test and method specified on the drawings or in section 10.

Documenting Specification Conformance—In-place densities of earthfill and earth backfill requiring Class A compaction shall be measured in accordance with ASTM D1556, D2167, D2937, or D6938. Moisture contents of earthfill and earth backfill at the time of compaction shall be measured in accordance with ASTM D2216, D4643, or D6938. Values of moisture content determined by ASTM D2216 are considered the true value of the soil moisture. Values of moisture content determined by ASTM D4643 or D6938 shall be verified by comparison to values obtained by ASTM D2216. Values of in-place density and moisture content determined

23-5 by these tests shall be compared to the minimum density and moisture content range specified on the drawings or in section 10.

Correction for Oversize Particles—If the materials to be used for earthfill or earth backfill contain more than 5 percent by dry weight of oversize rock particles (particles larger than those allowed in the specified compaction test and method), corrections for oversize particles shall be made using the appropriate procedures explained in ASTM D4718.

9. Measurement and payment For items of work for which specific unit prices are established in the contract, the volume of each type and compaction class of earthfill and earth backfill within the specified zone boundaries and pay limits is measured and computed to the nearest cubic yard by the method of average cross-sectional end areas. Unless otherwise specified in section 10, no deduction in volume is made for embedded items, such as, but not limited to, conduits, inlet structures, outlet structures, embankment drains, sand diaphragm and outlet, and their appurtenances.

The pay limits shall be as defined below, with the further provision that earthfill required to fill voids resulting from overexcavation of the foundation, outside the specified lines and grades, will be included in the measurement for payment only under the following conditions:

• Where such overexcavation is directed by the engineer to remove unsuitable material, and

• Where the unsuitable condition is not a result of the contractor's improper construction operations as determined by the engineer.

Earthfill beyond the specified lines and grades to backfill excavation required for compliance with OSHA requirements will be considered subsidiary to the earthfill bid item(s).

Method 1—The pay limits shall be as designated on the drawings.

Method 2—The pay limits shall be the measured surface of the foundation when approved for placement of the earthfill and the specified neat lines of the earthfill surface.

Method 3—The pay limits shall be the measured surface of the foundation when…