The Regents of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) has been awarded a $256,504 Project Grant by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under the Allergy and Infectious Diseases Research program (CFDA 93.855). The purpose of this 1-year award, effective September 1, 2024, is to plan an open-label, randomized, controlled Phase 2C clinical trial comparing the efficacy and safety of two novel 4-month treatment regimens for isoniazid-monoresistant tuberculosis (IMR-TB) against the current 6-month standard of care. The trial aims to evaluate time to sputum culture conversion, proportion of severe adverse events, and relapse-free cure rates, to support development of shorter, safer treatment options for this growing public health challenge. This grant addresses critical research gaps identified by the World Health Organization and U.S. tuberculosis guidelines groups, and aligns with NIAID's strategic priorities for tuberculosis research and innovation.