The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) awarded Duke University a $253,070 Project Grant under the Environmental Health (CFDA 93.113) federal grant program. The overarching goals of this 2-year R21 project are to: 1) assess the mental and respiratory health impacts of the 2023 Maui wildland-urban interface (WUI) fire on displaced children and adults; 2) evaluate changes in these health outcomes over a 1-year follow-up period; and 3) collect biospecimens and environmental samples to support future investigations of longer-term health effects from cumulative toxic exposures resulting from the disaster. The project involves partnering with government agencies and the local community to conduct surveys, lung function tests, and mental health assessments, with the aim of providing timely feedback to study participants and the broader affected community. The findings and samples collected will serve as a valuable resource for advancing research on the public health impacts of increasingly common WUI fires.