Project Grant R01HL183395

The National Institutes of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Institute awarded Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago $876,614 on September 1, 2026, under the Cardiovascular Diseases Research program (CFDA 93.837) to conduct a multisite prospective cohort study advancing acute respiratory infection treatment in pediatric invasive home mechanical ventilation.

The research will enroll 400 children in English and Spanish language families using long-term home mechanical ventilation and track acute respiratory infection outcomes over 12 months. The study aims to identify modifiable factors—including parental self-efficacy in managing complex home care regimens and vital sign monitoring practices—that influence clinical decision-making, treatment selection, triage, and progression to emergency department visits or hospitalization. Preliminary work has established wide variation in care and outcomes in this population, despite acute respiratory infection being the leading cause of death and hospitalization among children on long-term home mechanical ventilation, with annual mortality of 5 percent. The research will standardize monitoring of physiologic changes at home to improve child and family outcomes and reduce healthcare costs and institutional utilization.

Work is performed in Chicago, Illinois. The period of performance extends from September 1, 2026, to May 31, 2031. The assistance type is a Project Grant.