The National Science Foundation Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences awarded a $717,604 Project Grant under the Geosciences federal grant program (CFDA 47.050) to the University of Wisconsin System to study the seasonal evolution of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The project aims to advance understanding of how different seasonally varying processes lead to the seasonal evolution of individual ENSO events, which have significant societal impacts globally. The research will utilize empirical models, physics-based coupled models, and new analytical tools to examine the critical role of seasonality in ENSO variability. The University of Wisconsin System will conduct this work through its University of Wisconsin - Madison division, operating as Research and Sponsored Programs, from August 15, 2023 to July 31, 2026. The project will also contribute to training the next generation of climate scientists.