This National Science Foundation Project Grant of $900,000 supports research at Texas A&M University from October 1, 2022 to September 30, 2026 under the Biological Sciences program (CFDA 47.074). The research aims to characterize the role of vitamin A in photoperiodic responses and seasonal adaptations using monarch butterflies as a model system. Specifically, the researchers will test hypotheses regarding whether retinal functions in photoperiod regulation via production of a deep brain photoreceptor, and whether retinoic acid reprograms gene expression in a photoperiod-dependent manner to alter neuronal circuitry in response to changing seasons. Illuminating unknown photoperiodic sensing mechanisms and molecular underpinnings of insect seasonal responses will advance understanding of molecular bases for seasonal rhythms across the animal kingdom. Broader impacts include training students and researchers and public outreach on monarch butterfly conservation.
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