Not listed DETERMINING THE PROCESSES AFFECTING THE ASYMMETRIC PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE1. SCIENCE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES THE INTERSTELLAR BOUNDARY EXPLORER (IBEX) CONTINUES TO PROVIDE ENERGETIC NEUTRAL ATOM (ENA) OBSERVATIONS FROM THE HELIOSPHERE AND THE EARTH S MAGNETOSPHERE IN GLOBAL CONTEXT INCLUDING SPATIAL TEMPORAL AND ENERGY INFORMATION. RECENTLY THE PI STUDIED THE NIGHTSIDE PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE USING IBEX ENA IMAGING AND REPORTED A HEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY IN THE PLASMA SHEET. WHILE THESE AUTHORS REPORT THAT THIS ASYMMETRY APPEARS TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH THE EARTH S DIPOLE TILT SEASONAL AND DIURNAL CONFIGURATIONS IT IS NOT CLEAR IF OTHER INTERPLANETARY AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN CREATING THE ASYMMETRY. THIS PROPOSAL FOCUSES ON DETERMINING THE EFFECTS OF THE DIPOLE TILT CONFIGURATIONS INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELD ORIENTATION AND DURATION SOLAR WIND PROPERTIES AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS ON THE OBSERVED PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY. USING IBEX ENA DATA IN CONJUNCTION WITH IN SITU MEASUREMENTS FROM ACE WIND CLUSTER AND THEMIS MISSIONS WE PROPOSE A FOCUSED 3-YEAR STUDY TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING SCIENCE QUESTION: "WHAT ARE THE DOMINANT PROCESSES THAT LEAD TO AN ASYMMETRIC PLASMA SHEET AS REMOTELY IMAGED BY ENAS? THE PROPOSED WORK IS OF SPECIFIC IMPORTANCE TO FURTHER UNDERSTAND MASS AND ENERGY TRANSPORT PROCESSES WITHIN THE PLASMA SHEET DURING DIFFERENT INTERPLANETARY CONDITIONS AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONFIGURATIONS. IN ADDITION OUR STUDY PROVIDES NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO THE PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE THAT CANNOT BE ACHIEVED BY IN SITU MEASUREMENTS ALONE. 2. MISSION DATA IBEX: WE HAVE IDENTIFIED ABOUT 120 DAYS/YEAR OF IBEX MAGNETOTAIL VIEWING (BETWEEN -10 RE AND -30 RE) AT A 2-MINUTE CADENCE PER ENERGY CHANNEL (6 STEPS BETWEEN ~0.5-6.0 KEV). CLUSTER: ABOUT 50 DAYS/YEAR OF IN SITU CLUSTER DATA OVERLAP WITH IBEX MAGNETOTAIL VIEWING PERIODS (DURING EQUINOXES). THEMIS: ABOUT 44 DAYS (INCLUDING ARTEMIS) WILL BE USED AS A DIAGNOSTICS OF MAGNETOSPHERIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS. ACE WIND: OMNI DATASET WILL PROVIDE INTERPLANETARY PLASMA AND FIELD CONDITIONS. 3. DATA ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY TO REACH CLOSURE ON OUR SCIENCE QUESTION WE WILL FIRST CREATE A COMPREHENSIVE CATALOGUE THAT ORGANIZES (I) IBEX ENA REMOTE MEASUREMENTS OF THE PLASMA SHEET (BETWEEN -10 RE AND -30 RE) (II) THEMIS AND CLUSTER PARTICLE AND FIELD IN SITU OBSERVATIONS WHENEVER AVAILABLE (III) SOLAR WIND AND MAGNETIC FIELD CONDITIONS AND (IV) EARTH S MAGNETIC FIELD DIPOLE TILT ORIENTATIONS. WE WILL THEN INVESTIGATE USING CORRELATION AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS HOW DOES THE SEASONAL AND DIURNAL DIPOLE TILT IMF ORIENTATION AND DURATION (E.G. 3 6 AND 9 HOUR) SOLAR WIND DENSITY AND SPEED (AT DIFFERENT TIME LAGS) MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS AND DISTANCE FROM EARTH AFFECT THE PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY. IN COMBINATION WITH THEMIS AND CLUSTER IN SITU PARTICLE AND FIELD DATA WE WILL USE THE TSYGANENKO MAGNETIC FIELD MODEL AS A GUIDE ON THE LOCATION OF THE PLASMA SHEET ALTHOUGH IBEX IMAGES CLEARLY INDICATE THE PLASMA SHEET LOCATION WITHOUT THE NEED OF A MODEL. WE HAVE DEVELOPED AND VALIDATED A CODE THAT PROJECTS MEASURED ENAS INTO THE NOON-MIDNIGHT PLANE OF THE MAGNETOSPHERE CREATING IMAGES OF ENA FLUXES ALONG THE XGSE AND ZGSE AXES. ALONG WITH IN SITU MEASUREMENTS THESE IMAGES ENABLE US TO INVESTIGATE THE PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY AND HOW IT EVOLVES UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS. 4. RELEVANCE OUR INVESTIGATION IS HIGHLY RELEVANT TO THE GUEST INVESTIGATOR PROGRAM AND GOES BEYOND ALL THE MISSION GOALS WHOSE DATA WILL BE USED. IN ADDITION IT RESPONDS DIRECTLY TO ONE HIGH-LEVEL SCIENCE GOAL FROM THE 2013 HELIOPHYSICS DECADAL SURVEY (SOLAR AND SPACE PHYSICS: A SCIENCE FOR A TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY) DETERMINE THE DYNAMICS AND COUPLING OF EARTH S MAGNETOSPHERE IONOSPHERE AND ATMOSPHERE AND THEIR RESPONSE TO SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL INPUTS. ($3k) 6/7/22 6 DETERMINING THE PROCESSES AFFECTING THE ASYMMETRIC PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE 1. SCIENCE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES THE INTERSTELLAR BOUNDARY EXPLORER (IBEX) CONTINUES TO PROVIDE ENERGETIC NEUTRAL ATOM (ENA) OBSERVATIONS FROM THE HELIOSPHERE AND THE EARTH S MAGNETOSPHERE IN GLOBAL CONTEXT, INCLUDING SPATIAL, TEMPORAL, AND ENERGY INFORMATION. RECENTLY, THE PI STUDIED THE NIGHTSIDE PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE USING IBEX ENA IMAGING AND REPORTED A HEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY IN THE PLASMA SHEET. WHILE THESE AUTHORS REPORT THAT THIS ASYMMETRY APPEARS TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH THE EARTH S DIPOLE TILT SEASONAL AND DIURNAL CONFIGURATIONS, IT IS NOT CLEAR IF OTHER INTERPLANETARY AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN CREATING THE ASYMMETRY. THIS PROPOSAL FOCUSES ON DETERMINING THE EFFECTS OF THE DIPOLE TILT CONFIGURATIONS, INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELD ORIENTATION AND DURATION, SOLAR WIND PROPERTIES AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS ON THE OBSERVED PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY. USING IBEX ENA DATA, IN CONJUNCTION WITH IN SITU MEASUREMENTS FROM ACE, WIND, CLUSTER AND THEMIS MISSIONS, WE PROPOSE A FOCUSED 3-YEAR STUDY TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING SCIENCE QUESTION: "WHAT ARE THE DOMINANT PROCESSES THAT LEAD TO AN ASYMMETRIC PLASMA SHEET AS REMOTELY IMAGED BY ENAS? THE PROPOSED WORK IS OF SPECIFIC IMPORTANCE TO FURTHER UNDERSTAND MASS AND ENERGY TRANSPORT PROCESSES WITHIN THE PLASMA SHEET DURING DIFFERENT INTERPLANETARY CONDITIONS AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONFIGURATIONS. IN ADDITION, OUR STUDY PROVIDES NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO THE PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE THAT CANNOT BE ACHIEVED BY IN SITU MEASUREMENTS ALONE. 2. MISSION DATA IBEX: WE HAVE IDENTIFIED ABOUT 120 DAYS/YEAR OF IBEX MAGNETOTAIL VIEWING (BETWEEN -10 RE AND -30 RE) AT A 2-MINUTE CADENCE PER ENERGY CHANNEL (6 STEPS BETWEEN ~0.5-6.0 KEV). CLUSTER: ABOUT 50 DAYS/YEAR OF IN SITU CLUSTER DATA OVERLAP WITH IBEX MAGNETOTAIL VIEWING PERIODS (DURING EQUINOXES). THEMIS: ABOUT 44 DAYS (INCLUDING ARTEMIS) WILL BE USED AS A DIAGNOSTICS OF MAGNETOSPHERIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS. ACE, WIND: OMNI DATASET WILL PROVIDE INTERPLANETARY PLASMA AND FIELD CONDITIONS. 3. DATA ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY TO REACH CLOSURE ON OUR SCIENCE QUESTION, WE WILL FIRST CREATE A COMPREHENSIVE CATALOGUE THAT ORGANIZES (I) IBEX ENA REMOTE MEASUREMENTS OF THE PLASMA SHEET (BETWEEN -10 RE AND -30 RE), (II) THEMIS AND CLUSTER PARTICLE AND FIELD IN SITU OBSERVATIONS WHENEVER AVAILABLE, (III) SOLAR WIND AND MAGNETIC FIELD CONDITIONS, AND (IV) EARTH S MAGNETIC FIELD DIPOLE TILT ORIENTATIONS. WE WILL THEN INVESTIGATE, USING CORRELATION AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS, HOW DOES THE SEASONAL AND DIURNAL DIPOLE TILT, IMF ORIENTATION AND DURATION (E.G., 3, 6, AND 9 HOUR), SOLAR WIND DENSITY AND SPEED (AT DIFFERENT TIME LAGS), MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS, AND DISTANCE FROM EARTH AFFECT THE PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY. IN COMBINATION WITH THEMIS AND CLUSTER IN SITU PARTICLE AND FIELD DATA, WE WILL USE THE TSYGANENKO MAGNETIC FIELD MODEL AS A GUIDE ON THE LOCATION OF THE PLASMA SHEET, ALTHOUGH IBEX IMAGES CLEARLY INDICATE THE PLASMA SHEET LOCATION WITHOUT THE NEED OF A MODEL. WE HAVE DEVELOPED AND VALIDATED A CODE THAT PROJECTS MEASURED ENAS INTO THE NOON-MIDNIGHT PLANE OF THE MAGNETOSPHERE, CREATING IMAGES OF ENA FLUXES ALONG THE XGSE AND ZGSE AXES. ALONG WITH IN SITU MEASUREMENTS, THESE IMAGES ENABLE US TO INVESTIGATE THE PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY AND HOW IT EVOLVES UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS. 4. RELEVANCE OUR INVESTIGATION IS HIGHLY RELEVANT TO THE GUEST INVESTIGATOR PROGRAM AND GOES BEYOND ALL THE MISSION GOALS WHOSE DATA WILL BE USED. IN ADDITION, IT RESPONDS DIRECTLY TO ONE HIGH-LEVEL SCIENCE GOAL FROM THE 2013 HELIOPHYSICS DECADAL SURVEY (SOLAR AND SPACE PHYSICS: A SCIENCE FOR A TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY), DETERMINE THE DYNAMICS AND COUPLING OF EARTH S MAGNETOSPHERE, IONOSPHERE, AND ATMOSPHERE AND THEIR RESPONSE TO SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL INPUTS. Funding Only Action ($3k) 6/7/22 5 DETERMINING THE PROCESSES AFFECTING THE ASYMMETRIC PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE 1. SCIENCE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES THE INTERSTELLAR BOUNDARY EXPLORER (IBEX) CONTINUES TO PROVIDE ENERGETIC NEUTRAL ATOM (ENA) OBSERVATIONS FROM THE HELIOSPHERE AND THE EARTH S MAGNETOSPHERE IN GLOBAL CONTEXT, INCLUDING SPATIAL, TEMPORAL, AND ENERGY INFORMATION. RECENTLY, THE PI STUDIED THE NIGHTSIDE PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE USING IBEX ENA IMAGING AND REPORTED A HEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY IN THE PLASMA SHEET. WHILE THESE AUTHORS REPORT THAT THIS ASYMMETRY APPEARS TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH THE EARTH S DIPOLE TILT SEASONAL AND DIURNAL CONFIGURATIONS, IT IS NOT CLEAR IF OTHER INTERPLANETARY AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN CREATING THE ASYMMETRY. THIS PROPOSAL FOCUSES ON DETERMINING THE EFFECTS OF THE DIPOLE TILT CONFIGURATIONS, INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELD ORIENTATION AND DURATION, SOLAR WIND PROPERTIES AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS ON THE OBSERVED PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY. USING IBEX ENA DATA, IN CONJUNCTION WITH IN SITU MEASUREMENTS FROM ACE, WIND, CLUSTER AND THEMIS MISSIONS, WE PROPOSE A FOCUSED 3-YEAR STUDY TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING SCIENCE QUESTION: "WHAT ARE THE DOMINANT PROCESSES THAT LEAD TO AN ASYMMETRIC PLASMA SHEET AS REMOTELY IMAGED BY ENAS? THE PROPOSED WORK IS OF SPECIFIC IMPORTANCE TO FURTHER UNDERSTAND MASS AND ENERGY TRANSPORT PROCESSES WITHIN THE PLASMA SHEET DURING DIFFERENT INTERPLANETARY CONDITIONS AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONFIGURATIONS. IN ADDITION, OUR STUDY PROVIDES NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO THE PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE THAT CANNOT BE ACHIEVED BY IN SITU MEASUREMENTS ALONE. 2. MISSION DATA IBEX: WE HAVE IDENTIFIED ABOUT 120 DAYS/YEAR OF IBEX MAGNETOTAIL VIEWING (BETWEEN -10 RE AND -30 RE) AT A 2-MINUTE CADENCE PER ENERGY CHANNEL (6 STEPS BETWEEN ~0.5-6.0 KEV). CLUSTER: ABOUT 50 DAYS/YEAR OF IN SITU CLUSTER DATA OVERLAP WITH IBEX MAGNETOTAIL VIEWING PERIODS (DURING EQUINOXES). THEMIS: ABOUT 44 DAYS (INCLUDING ARTEMIS) WILL BE USED AS A DIAGNOSTICS OF MAGNETOSPHERIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS. ACE, WIND: OMNI DATASET WILL PROVIDE INTERPLANETARY PLASMA AND FIELD CONDITIONS. 3. DATA ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY TO REACH CLOSURE ON OUR SCIENCE QUESTION, WE WILL FIRST CREATE A COMPREHENSIVE CATALOGUE THAT ORGANIZES (I) IBEX ENA REMOTE MEASUREMENTS OF THE PLASMA SHEET (BETWEEN -10 RE AND -30 RE), (II) THEMIS AND CLUSTER PARTICLE AND FIELD IN SITU OBSERVATIONS WHENEVER AVAILABLE, (III) SOLAR WIND AND MAGNETIC FIELD CONDITIONS, AND (IV) EARTH S MAGNETIC FIELD DIPOLE TILT ORIENTATIONS. WE WILL THEN INVESTIGATE, USING CORRELATION AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS, HOW DOES THE SEASONAL AND DIURNAL DIPOLE TILT, IMF ORIENTATION AND DURATION (E.G., 3, 6, AND 9 HOUR), SOLAR WIND DENSITY AND SPEED (AT DIFFERENT TIME LAGS), MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS, AND DISTANCE FROM EARTH AFFECT THE PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY. IN COMBINATION WITH THEMIS AND CLUSTER IN SITU PARTICLE AND FIELD DATA, WE WILL USE THE TSYGANENKO MAGNETIC FIELD MODEL AS A GUIDE ON THE LOCATION OF THE PLASMA SHEET, ALTHOUGH IBEX IMAGES CLEARLY INDICATE THE PLASMA SHEET LOCATION WITHOUT THE NEED OF A MODEL. WE HAVE DEVELOPED AND VALIDATED A CODE THAT PROJECTS MEASURED ENAS INTO THE NOON-MIDNIGHT PLANE OF THE MAGNETOSPHERE, CREATING IMAGES OF ENA FLUXES ALONG THE XGSE AND ZGSE AXES. ALONG WITH IN SITU MEASUREMENTS, THESE IMAGES ENABLE US TO INVESTIGATE THE PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY AND HOW IT EVOLVES UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS. 4. RELEVANCE OUR INVESTIGATION IS HIGHLY RELEVANT TO THE GUEST INVESTIGATOR PROGRAM AND GOES BEYOND ALL THE MISSION GOALS WHOSE DATA WILL BE USED. IN ADDITION, IT RESPONDS DIRECTLY TO ONE HIGH-LEVEL SCIENCE GOAL FROM THE 2013 HELIOPHYSICS DECADAL SURVEY (SOLAR AND SPACE PHYSICS: A SCIENCE FOR A TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY), DETERMINE THE DYNAMICS AND COUPLING OF EARTH S MAGNETOSPHERE, IONOSPHERE, AND ATMOSPHERE AND THEIR RESPONSE TO SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL INPUTS. Other Administrative Action $0 12/2/20 Not listed DETERMINING THE PROCESSES AFFECTING THE ASYMMETRIC PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE1. SCIENCE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES THE INTERSTELLAR BOUNDARY EXPLORER (IBEX) CONTINUES TO PROVIDE ENERGETIC NEUTRAL ATOM (ENA) OBSERVATIONS FROM THE HELIOSPHERE AND THE EARTH S MAGNETOSPHERE IN GLOBAL CONTEXT INCLUDING SPATIAL TEMPORAL AND ENERGY INFORMATION. RECENTLY THE PI STUDIED THE NIGHTSIDE PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE USING IBEX ENA IMAGING AND REPORTED A HEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY IN THE PLASMA SHEET. WHILE THESE AUTHORS REPORT THAT THIS ASYMMETRY APPEARS TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH THE EARTH S DIPOLE TILT SEASONAL AND DIURNAL CONFIGURATIONS IT IS NOT CLEAR IF OTHER INTERPLANETARY AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN CREATING THE ASYMMETRY. THIS PROPOSAL FOCUSES ON DETERMINING THE EFFECTS OF THE DIPOLE TILT CONFIGURATIONS INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELD ORIENTATION AND DURATION SOLAR WIND PROPERTIES AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS ON THE OBSERVED PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY. USING IBEX ENA DATA IN CONJUNCTION WITH IN SITU MEASUREMENTS FROM ACE WIND CLUSTER AND THEMIS MISSIONS WE PROPOSE A FOCUSED 3-YEAR STUDY TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING SCIENCE QUESTION: "WHAT ARE THE DOMINANT PROCESSES THAT LEAD TO AN ASYMMETRIC PLASMA SHEET AS REMOTELY IMAGED BY ENAS? THE PROPOSED WORK IS OF SPECIFIC IMPORTANCE TO FURTHER UNDERSTAND MASS AND ENERGY TRANSPORT PROCESSES WITHIN THE PLASMA SHEET DURING DIFFERENT INTERPLANETARY CONDITIONS AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONFIGURATIONS. IN ADDITION OUR STUDY PROVIDES NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO THE PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE THAT CANNOT BE ACHIEVED BY IN SITU MEASUREMENTS ALONE. 2. MISSION DATA IBEX: WE HAVE IDENTIFIED ABOUT 120 DAYS/YEAR OF IBEX MAGNETOTAIL VIEWING (BETWEEN -10 RE AND -30 RE) AT A 2-MINUTE CADENCE PER ENERGY CHANNEL (6 STEPS BETWEEN ~0.5-6.0 KEV). CLUSTER: ABOUT 50 DAYS/YEAR OF IN SITU CLUSTER DATA OVERLAP WITH IBEX MAGNETOTAIL VIEWING PERIODS (DURING EQUINOXES). THEMIS: ABOUT 44 DAYS (INCLUDING ARTEMIS) WILL BE USED AS A DIAGNOSTICS OF MAGNETOSPHERIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS. ACE WIND: OMNI DATASET WILL PROVIDE INTERPLANETARY PLASMA AND FIELD CONDITIONS. 3. DATA ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY TO REACH CLOSURE ON OUR SCIENCE QUESTION WE WILL FIRST CREATE A COMPREHENSIVE CATALOGUE THAT ORGANIZES (I) IBEX ENA REMOTE MEASUREMENTS OF THE PLASMA SHEET (BETWEEN -10 RE AND -30 RE) (II) THEMIS AND CLUSTER PARTICLE AND FIELD IN SITU OBSERVATIONS WHENEVER AVAILABLE (III) SOLAR WIND AND MAGNETIC FIELD CONDITIONS AND (IV) EARTH S MAGNETIC FIELD DIPOLE TILT ORIENTATIONS. WE WILL THEN INVESTIGATE USING CORRELATION AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS HOW DOES THE SEASONAL AND DIURNAL DIPOLE TILT IMF ORIENTATION AND DURATION (E.G. 3 6 AND 9 HOUR) SOLAR WIND DENSITY AND SPEED (AT DIFFERENT TIME LAGS) MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS AND DISTANCE FROM EARTH AFFECT THE PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY. IN COMBINATION WITH THEMIS AND CLUSTER IN SITU PARTICLE AND FIELD DATA WE WILL USE THE TSYGANENKO MAGNETIC FIELD MODEL AS A GUIDE ON THE LOCATION OF THE PLASMA SHEET ALTHOUGH IBEX IMAGES CLEARLY INDICATE THE PLASMA SHEET LOCATION WITHOUT THE NEED OF A MODEL. WE HAVE DEVELOPED AND VALIDATED A CODE THAT PROJECTS MEASURED ENAS INTO THE NOON-MIDNIGHT PLANE OF THE MAGNETOSPHERE CREATING IMAGES OF ENA FLUXES ALONG THE XGSE AND ZGSE AXES. ALONG WITH IN SITU MEASUREMENTS THESE IMAGES ENABLE US TO INVESTIGATE THE PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY AND HOW IT EVOLVES UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS. 4. RELEVANCE OUR INVESTIGATION IS HIGHLY RELEVANT TO THE GUEST INVESTIGATOR PROGRAM AND GOES BEYOND ALL THE MISSION GOALS WHOSE DATA WILL BE USED. IN ADDITION IT RESPONDS DIRECTLY TO ONE HIGH-LEVEL SCIENCE GOAL FROM THE 2013 HELIOPHYSICS DECADAL SURVEY (SOLAR AND SPACE PHYSICS: A SCIENCE FOR A TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY) DETERMINE THE DYNAMICS AND COUPLING OF EARTH S MAGNETOSPHERE IONOSPHERE AND ATMOSPHERE AND THEIR RESPONSE TO SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL INPUTS. $0 12/2/20 Not listed DETERMINING THE PROCESSES AFFECTING THE ASYMMETRIC PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE1. SCIENCE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES THE INTERSTELLAR BOUNDARY EXPLORER (IBEX) CONTINUES TO PROVIDE ENERGETIC NEUTRAL ATOM (ENA) OBSERVATIONS FROM THE HELIOSPHERE AND THE EARTH S MAGNETOSPHERE IN GLOBAL CONTEXT INCLUDING SPATIAL TEMPORAL AND ENERGY INFORMATION. RECENTLY THE PI STUDIED THE NIGHTSIDE PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE USING IBEX ENA IMAGING AND REPORTED A HEMISPHERIC ASYMMETRY IN THE PLASMA SHEET. WHILE THESE AUTHORS REPORT THAT THIS ASYMMETRY APPEARS TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH THE EARTH S DIPOLE TILT SEASONAL AND DIURNAL CONFIGURATIONS IT IS NOT CLEAR IF OTHER INTERPLANETARY AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN CREATING THE ASYMMETRY. THIS PROPOSAL FOCUSES ON DETERMINING THE EFFECTS OF THE DIPOLE TILT CONFIGURATIONS INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC FIELD ORIENTATION AND DURATION SOLAR WIND PROPERTIES AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS ON THE OBSERVED PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY. USING IBEX ENA DATA IN CONJUNCTION WITH IN SITU MEASUREMENTS FROM ACE WIND CLUSTER AND THEMIS MISSIONS WE PROPOSE A FOCUSED 3-YEAR STUDY TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING SCIENCE QUESTION: "WHAT ARE THE DOMINANT PROCESSES THAT LEAD TO AN ASYMMETRIC PLASMA SHEET AS REMOTELY IMAGED BY ENAS? THE PROPOSED WORK IS OF SPECIFIC IMPORTANCE TO FURTHER UNDERSTAND MASS AND ENERGY TRANSPORT PROCESSES WITHIN THE PLASMA SHEET DURING DIFFERENT INTERPLANETARY CONDITIONS AND MAGNETOSPHERIC CONFIGURATIONS. IN ADDITION OUR STUDY PROVIDES NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO THE PLASMA SHEET STRUCTURE FROM A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE THAT CANNOT BE ACHIEVED BY IN SITU MEASUREMENTS ALONE. 2. MISSION DATA IBEX: WE HAVE IDENTIFIED ABOUT 120 DAYS/YEAR OF IBEX MAGNETOTAIL VIEWING (BETWEEN -10 RE AND -30 RE) AT A 2-MINUTE CADENCE PER ENERGY CHANNEL (6 STEPS BETWEEN ~0.5-6.0 KEV). CLUSTER: ABOUT 50 DAYS/YEAR OF IN SITU CLUSTER DATA OVERLAP WITH IBEX MAGNETOTAIL VIEWING PERIODS (DURING EQUINOXES). THEMIS: ABOUT 44 DAYS (INCLUDING ARTEMIS) WILL BE USED AS A DIAGNOSTICS OF MAGNETOSPHERIC FIELD CONFIGURATIONS. ACE WIND: OMNI DATASET WILL PROVIDE INTERPLANETARY PLASMA AND FIELD CONDITIONS. 3. DATA ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY TO REACH CLOSURE ON OUR SCIENCE QUESTION WE WILL FIRST CREATE A COMPREHENSIVE CATALOGUE THAT ORGANIZES (I) IBEX ENA REMOTE MEASUREMENTS OF THE PLASMA SHEET (BETWEEN -10 RE AND -30 RE) (II) THEMIS AND CLUSTER PARTICLE AND FIELD IN SITU OBSERVATIONS WHENEVER AVAILABLE (III) SOLAR WIND AND MAGNETIC FIELD CONDITIONS AND (IV) EARTH S MAGNETIC FIELD DIPOLE TILT ORIENTATIONS. WE WILL THEN INVESTIGATE USING CORRELATION AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS HOW DOES THE SEASONAL AND DIURNAL DIPOLE TILT IMF ORIENTATION AND DURATION (E.G. 3 6 AND 9 HOUR) SOLAR WIND DENSITY AND SPEED (AT DIFFERENT TIME LAGS) MAGNETOSPHERIC CONDITIONS AND DISTANCE FROM EARTH AFFECT THE PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY. IN COMBINATION WITH THEMIS AND CLUSTER IN SITU PARTICLE AND FIELD DATA WE WILL USE THE TSYGANENKO MAGNETIC FIELD MODEL AS A GUIDE ON THE LOCATION OF THE PLASMA SHEET ALTHOUGH IBEX IMAGES CLEARLY INDICATE THE PLASMA SHEET LOCATION WITHOUT THE NEED OF A MODEL. WE HAVE DEVELOPED AND VALIDATED A CODE THAT PROJECTS MEASURED ENAS INTO THE NOON-MIDNIGHT PLANE OF THE MAGNETOSPHERE CREATING IMAGES OF ENA FLUXES ALONG THE XGSE AND ZGSE AXES. ALONG WITH IN SITU MEASUREMENTS THESE IMAGES ENABLE US TO INVESTIGATE THE PLASMA SHEET ASYMMETRY AND HOW IT EVOLVES UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS. 4. RELEVANCE OUR INVESTIGATION IS HIGHLY RELEVANT TO THE GUEST INVESTIGATOR PROGRAM AND GOES BEYOND ALL THE MISSION GOALS WHOSE DATA WILL BE USED. IN ADDITION IT RESPONDS DIRECTLY TO ONE HIGH-LEVEL SCIENCE GOAL FROM THE 2013 HELIOPHYSICS DECADAL SURVEY (SOLAR AND SPACE PHYSICS: A SCIENCE FOR A TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY) DETERMINE THE DYNAMICS AND COUPLING OF EARTH S MAGNETOSPHERE IONOSPHERE AND ATMOSPHERE AND THEIR RESPONSE TO SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL INPUTS. $0 11/25/19