2 THIS PROPOSAL SEEKS TO FURTHER ASSESS CARBONATE FORMATION MECHANISMS FOR CARBONATE-BEARING REGIONS SHOWN IN FIGURE 1 BY IDENTIFYING AND MAPPING THE EXTENT OF SPECIFIC CARBONATE MINERAL ASSEMBLAGE PHASES USING HAPKE RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODELING OF CRISM SPECTRA. KEY QUESTIONS TO BE ADDRESSED INCLUDE: 1) IS THE FE/MG PHYLLOSILICATE SPECTRAL COMPONENT IDENTIFIED IN NILI FOSSAE BEST MODELED BY FE/MG SMECTITE, TALC OR A COMBINATION OF BOTH PHASES? 2) IS SERPENTINE A ROBUSTLY MODELED COMPONENT IN ANY OF THE CARBONATE-BEARING REGIONS, AND HOW DOES ITS PRESENCE/ABSENCE IMPACT ASTROBIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL FOR EACH REGION? 3) ARE CARBONATE-BEARING SPECTRA BEST MODELED BY MIXTURES OF CARBONATE PHASES/SOLID SOLUTIONS OR SINGLE CARBONATE PHASES AND WHAT DO THE CARBONATE COMPOSITION(S) INDICATE ABOUT AQUEOUS GEOCHEMISTRY AND GEOCHEMICAL VARIABILITY? 4) CAN METAMORPHIC GRADIENTS BE INFERRED FROM SPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES (PARTICULARLY PHYLLOSILICATES)? 5) HOW DO MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES COMPARE AMONG DIFFERENT REGIONS AND ARE VARIOUS MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES/CARBONATE GEOCHEMISTRIES MORE CONSISTENT WITH SPECIFIC FORMATION HYPOTHESES, GIVEN REGIONAL GEOLOGIC CONTEXT? WE ANTICIPATE DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN SERPENTINE AND OLIVINE CARBONATIZATION AND FURTHER ADDRESSING HYDROTHERMAL VS NEAR SURFACE FORMATION. Funding Only Action ($16k) 3/25/20 Not listed THIS PROPOSAL SEEKS TO FURTHER ASSESS CARBONATE FORMATION MECHANISMS FOR CARBONATE-BEARING REGIONS SHOWN IN FIGURE 1 BY IDENTIFYING AND MAPPING THE EXTENT OF SPECIFIC CARBONATE MINERAL ASSEMBLAGE PHASES USING HAPKE RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODELING OF CRISM SPECTRA. KEY QUESTIONS TO BE ADDRESSED INCLUDE: 1) IS THE FE/MG PHYLLOSILICATE SPECTRAL COMPONENT IDENTIFIED IN NILI FOSSAE BEST MODELED BYFE/MG SMECTITE TALC OR A COMBINATION OF BOTH PHASES? 2) IS SERPENTINE A ROBUSTLY MODELED COMPONENT IN ANY OF THE CARBONATE-BEARING REGIONS AND HOW DOES ITS PRESENCE/ABSENCE IMPACT ASTROBIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL FOR EACH REGION? 3) ARE CARBONATE-BEARING SPECTRA BEST MODELED BY MIXTURES OF CARBONATE PHASES/SOLID SOLUTIONS OR SINGLE CARBONATE PHASES AND WHAT DO THE CARBONATE COMPOSITION(S) INDICATEABOUT AQUEOUS GEOCHEMISTRY AND GEOCHEMICAL VARIABILITY? 4) CAN METAMORPHIC GRADIENTS BE INFERRED FROM SPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES (PARTICULARLY PHYLLOSILICATES)? 5) HOW DO MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES COMPARE AMONG DIFFERENT REGIONS AND ARE VARIOUS MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES/CARBONATE GEOCHEMISTRIES MORE CONSISTENT WITH SPECIFIC FORMATION HYPOTHESES GIVEN REGIONAL GEOLOGIC CONTEXT? WE ANTICIPATE DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN SERPENTINE AND OLIVINE CARBONATIZATION AND FURTHER ADDRESSING HYDROTHERMAL VS NEAR SURFACE FORMATION. ($16k) 3/25/20 1 THIS PROPOSAL SEEKS TO FURTHER ASSESS CARBONATE FORMATION MECHANISMS FOR CARBONATE-BEARING REGIONS SHOWN IN FIGURE 1 BY IDENTIFYING AND MAPPING THE EXTENT OF SPECIFIC CARBONATE MINERAL ASSEMBLAGE PHASES USING HAPKE RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODELING OF CRISM SPECTRA. KEY QUESTIONS TO BE ADDRESSED INCLUDE: 1) IS THE FE/MG PHYLLOSILICATE SPECTRAL COMPONENT IDENTIFIED IN NILI FOSSAE BEST MODELED BY FE/MG SMECTITE, TALC OR A COMBINATION OF BOTH PHASES? 2) IS SERPENTINE A ROBUSTLY MODELED COMPONENT IN ANY OF THE CARBONATE-BEARING REGIONS, AND HOW DOES ITS PRESENCE/ABSENCE IMPACT ASTROBIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL FOR EACH REGION? 3) ARE CARBONATE-BEARING SPECTRA BEST MODELED BY MIXTURES OF CARBONATE PHASES/SOLID SOLUTIONS OR SINGLE CARBONATE PHASES AND WHAT DO THE CARBONATE COMPOSITION(S) INDICATE ABOUT AQUEOUS GEOCHEMISTRY AND GEOCHEMICAL VARIABILITY? 4) CAN METAMORPHIC GRADIENTS BE INFERRED FROM SPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES (PARTICULARLY PHYLLOSILICATES)? 5) HOW DO MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES COMPARE AMONG DIFFERENT REGIONS AND ARE VARIOUS MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES/CARBONATE GEOCHEMISTRIES MORE CONSISTENT WITH SPECIFIC FORMATION HYPOTHESES, GIVEN REGIONAL GEOLOGIC CONTEXT? WE ANTICIPATE DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN SERPENTINE AND OLIVINE CARBONATIZATION AND FURTHER ADDRESSING HYDROTHERMAL VS NEAR SURFACE FORMATION. Funding Only Action $64.9k 11/2/17 Not listed THIS PROPOSAL SEEKS TO FURTHER ASSESS CARBONATE FORMATION MECHANISMS FOR CARBONATE-BEARING REGIONS SHOWN IN FIGURE 1 BY IDENTIFYING AND MAPPING THE EXTENT OF SPECIFIC CARBONATE MINERAL ASSEMBLAGE PHASES USING HAPKE RADIATIVE TRANSFER MODELING OF CRISM SPECTRA. KEY QUESTIONS TO BE ADDRESSED INCLUDE: 1) IS THE FE/MG PHYLLOSILICATE SPECTRAL COMPONENT IDENTIFIED IN NILI FOSSAE BEST MODELED BYFE/MG SMECTITE TALC OR A COMBINATION OF BOTH PHASES? 2) IS SERPENTINE A ROBUSTLY MODELED COMPONENT IN ANY OF THE CARBONATE-BEARING REGIONS AND HOW DOES ITS PRESENCE/ABSENCE IMPACT ASTROBIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL FOR EACH REGION? 3) ARE CARBONATE-BEARING SPECTRA BEST MODELED BY MIXTURES OF CARBONATE PHASES/SOLID SOLUTIONS OR SINGLE CARBONATE PHASES AND WHAT DO THE CARBONATE COMPOSITION(S) INDICATEABOUT AQUEOUS GEOCHEMISTRY AND GEOCHEMICAL VARIABILITY? 4) CAN METAMORPHIC GRADIENTS BE INFERRED FROM SPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES (PARTICULARLY PHYLLOSILICATES)? 5) HOW DO MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES COMPARE AMONG DIFFERENT REGIONS AND ARE VARIOUS MINERAL ASSEMBLAGES/CARBONATE GEOCHEMISTRIES MORE CONSISTENT WITH SPECIFIC FORMATION HYPOTHESES GIVEN REGIONAL GEOLOGIC CONTEXT? WE ANTICIPATE DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN SERPENTINE AND OLIVINE CARBONATIZATION AND FURTHER ADDRESSING HYDROTHERMAL VS NEAR SURFACE FORMATION. $64.9k 11/2/17 Not listed THIS PROPOSAL SEEKS TO FURTHER ASSESS CARBONATE FORMATION MECHANISMS FOR CARBONATE-BEARING REGIONS SHOWN IN FIGURE 1 BY IDENTIFYING AND MAPPING THE E $68.5k 6/1/16