This is a $432,118 grant award from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC) to study how the Moon's ancient magnetic field interacted with the early solar wind. The research aims to understand four key processes that were influenced by the Moon's "paleomagnetosphere", including the blocking or fractionation of solar wind species in lunar soils, the implantation of argon isotopes, the accumulation of volatiles at the lunar poles, and the amplification of the near-surface magnetic field. This work is expected to provide insights relevant to the magnetic fields and plasma environments of other celestial bodies like Mercury and Ganymede. The award does not have a set-aside designation, reflecting UCSC's status as a large research institution. As a Hispanic-Serving Institution and land grant university, UCSC conducts wide-ranging research in support of NASA and other federal agencies across disciplines like astrophysics, marine sciences, and advanced computing.