54492478001S
UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO SUPPORT FOR LEHIGH UNIVERSITY PROPOSAL: SNOW MELT DETECTION USING CALIBRATED ENHANCED-RESOLUTION BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES (CETB) AND PIXEL-LEVEL VARIABILITY STATISTICS: IMPLICATIONS FOR SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT ESTIMATION, RUNOFF TIMING, AND MOBILITY 01 AUG 2020 A 31 JULY 2023 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO PI: MARY J. BRODZIK STATEMENT OF WORK THE OCCURRENCE OF MELT ONSET IS A CHARACTERISTIC PHYSICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL PHENOMENON IN COLD REGIONS. TIMING, DURATION AND INTENSITY OF MELT DIRECTLY AFFECT SNOWPACK STRENGTH AND STRUCTURE, ENERGY FLUXES, AND RUNOFF TIMING AND MAGNITUDE. IN A COLD, DRY, SNOW PACK, MULTI-FREQUENCY TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS ARE CORRELATED WITH INCREASED VOLUME SCATTERING, AND USED TO ESTIMATE SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT. HOWEVER, IN THE PRESENCE OF EVEN SMALL AMOUNTS OF LIQUID WATER AT OBSERVED PENETRATION DEPTHS, THE TEMPERATURE GRADIENT FROM VOLUME SCATTERING IS OVERCOME BY INCREASED EMISSION FROM LIQUID WATER. PASSIVE MICROWAVE (PM) MELT ONSET DETECTION USES ANALYSIS OF DIURNAL AMPLITUDE VARIATION (DAV) TIME SERIES TO IDENTIFY THE ONSET OF TYPICAL DAYTIME MELT WITH NIGHTTIME REFREEZE, AND TO IDENTIFY THE DURATION OF THIS MELT/REFREEZE CYCLING. ORIGINALLY DEVELOPED USING COARSE RESOLUTION PM OBSERVATIONS AT 25 KM SAMPLING AND GRIDDING RESOLUTIONS ON MEDIUM TO LARGE GLACIERIZED AREAS, WE HAVE RECENTLY DEMONSTRATED THAT ENHANCED SPATIAL RESOLUTION PM OBSERVATIONS CAN NOW BE EFFECTIVELY USED IN MORE HETEROGENOUS LANDSCAPES, INCLUDING LAND/WATER GRADIENTS AND TOPOGRAPHICALLY COMPLEX REGIONS. WE WILL BE USING THE NASA MEASURES CALIBRATED, ENHANCED-RESOLUTION BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES (CETB) EARTH SYSTEM DATA RECORD (ESDR) TO FURTHER DEVELOP AND EVALUATE DAV ALGORITHM DETECTION OF MELT ONSET. WE WILL LEVERAGE THE IMPROVED SPATIAL RESOLUTION OF CETB PRODUCTS, AT 3.125 KM, COMPARED TO 25 KM RESOLUTION OF LEGACY DATA PRODUCTS, WITH NEWLY-AVAILABLE PIXELLEVEL VARIABILITY STATISTICS, TO DEVELOP DAV ALGORITHM THRESHOLDS APPROPRIATE FOR SELECTED CLIMATE REGIMES AND LANDSCAPES. TO SUPPORT US ARMY ERDC OBJECTIVES TO USE THE PROPOSED RESEARCH TO SUPPORT ARMY OPERATIONAL MOBILITY GOALS, WE WILL DEFINE, DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT DATA TRANSFER WORKFLOWS FOR INGESTING THE CETB DATA INTO AN ONLINE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) DATA PORTAL THAT WILL BE HOSTED AT CRREL AS A PROOF-OF-CONCEPT SYSTEM. THE GIS PORTAL WILL BE USED TO DEMONSTRATE GIS ANALYST USE CASES, POSING QUESTIONS ABOUT COLD REGIONS STATUS OF SNOW COVER AND MELT ONSET DERIVED FROM SATELLITE PM OBSERVATIONS. THE LONG RECORD OF CETB DATA PROVIDES A VALUABLE CLIMATOLOGICAL CONTEXT FOR INTERPRETATION OF OBSERVED CONDITIONS. THE SPATIAL COVERAGE OF CETB DATA PROVIDES REGIONAL CONTEXT THAT CAN ONLY BE OBTAINED FROM SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS. WE WILL INGEST THE AVAILABLE HISTORICAL CETB RECORD FROM 6 SSM/I AND 4 SSMIS SENSORS INTO THE TEST PORTAL AT CRREL. WE WILL DELIVER AN OPEN SOURCE PYTHON LANGUAGE PACKAGE WITH ALGORITHMS FOR DERIVING SWE AND MELT ONSET FROM THE INGESTED CETB DATA GRIDS. THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO IS CURRENTLY FUNDED BY US ARMY ERDC TO EVALUATE SWE ALGORITHM IMPROVEMENTS USING NEAR REAL-TIME CETB DATA AS AN EXTENSION OF THE HISTORICAL CETB RECORD. THE PROPOSED RESEARCH CAN BE USED TO FURTHER IMPROVE ENHANCED-RESOLUTION SWE ESTIMATES, BY INDICATING AREAS AND TIMES WITH INCREASED UNCERTAINTY IN SWE ESTIMATES DUE TO DETECTED MELTING CONDITIONS. THE RESULTING MELT ONSET PRODUCT WILL PROVIDE A UNIQUE, SYSTEMATICALLY-DERIVED, 30+ YEAR TIME SERIES OF MELT TIMING AND DURATION FOR REGIONS THAT ARE TOO REMOTE TO OBSERVE OTHER THAN BY REMOTE SENSING, AND WILL INCREASE THE UTILITY OF NEAR REAL-TIME SWE PRODUCTS USED FOR OPERATIONAL ARMY ACTIVITIES. THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO WILL SUPPORT THE EFFORTS OF LEHIGH UNIVERSITY IN THE PROPOSED RESEARCH TASKS BY (1) HELPING TO COMPILE APPROPRIATE DATA SETS FOR EVALUATION AND VALIDATION OF MELT ONSET ALGORITHMS IN SELECTED CLIMATE/LANDSCAPE REGIMES, (2) PROVIDING APPROPRIATE CETB SPATIOTEMPORAL SUBSETS WITH ADDITIONAL PIXEL-LEVEL MEASUREMENT STATISTICS FOR DERIVING OPTIMIZED TEMPERATURE THRESHOLDS, (3) IMPLEMENTING EFFICIENT ALGORITHMS TO DERIVE MELT ONSET AND DURATION PRODUCTS, AND (4) USING CU SUPERCOMPUTING FACILITIES AND PETALIBRARY STORAGE SERVICES TO PERFORM ANALYSIS AND DATA PRODUCTION AT THE LOCATION OF THE CETB DATA ARCHIVE AT CU. THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO WILL SUPPORT THE PROPOSED GIS TASKS BY (1) WORKING WITH CRREL TO DEFINE AN APPROPRIATE WORKFLOW FOR CETB DATA INGEST TO THE CRREL DATA PORTAL, (2) USING THE NEW WORKFLOW TO INGEST THE HISTORICAL CETB SSM/I AND SSMIS SENSOR BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE GRIDS INTO THE CRREL PORTAL BACKEND, AND (3) DELIVERING AN OPEN SOURCE PYTHON PACKAGE THAT CAN BE USED BY A GIS ANALYST USING THE CRREL PORTAL TO DERIVE GRIDDED PRODUCTS FROM CETB DATA. EARLY IN THE PROJECT, WE WILL PARTICIPATE IN A TECHNICAL PLANNING MEETING WITH COLLABORATORS AT LEHIGH UNIVERSITY. THEREAFTER, WE WILL COORDINATE WITH LEHIGH COLLABORATORS IN REGULARLY SCHEDULED TELECONS AND ASSIST IN PRESENTING RESULTS IN PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL PAPERS.
The Regents Of The University Of Colorado
Definitive Contract W913E521C0015
$206.1k 9/26/23 54492378001S
UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO SUPPORT FOR LEHIGH UNIVERSITY PROPOSAL: SNOW MELT DETECTION USING CALIBRATED ENHANCED-RESOLUTION BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES (CETB) AND PIXEL-LEVEL VARIABILITY STATISTICS: IMPLICATIONS FOR SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT ESTIMATION, RUNOFF TIMING, AND MOBILITY 01 AUG 2020 A 31 JULY 2023 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO PI: MARY J. BRODZIK STATEMENT OF WORK THE OCCURRENCE OF MELT ONSET IS A CHARACTERISTIC PHYSICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL PHENOMENON IN COLD REGIONS. TIMING, DURATION AND INTENSITY OF MELT DIRECTLY AFFECT SNOWPACK STRENGTH AND STRUCTURE, ENERGY FLUXES, AND RUNOFF TIMING AND MAGNITUDE. IN A COLD, DRY, SNOW PACK, MULTI-FREQUENCY TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS ARE CORRELATED WITH INCREASED VOLUME SCATTERING, AND USED TO ESTIMATE SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT. HOWEVER, IN THE PRESENCE OF EVEN SMALL AMOUNTS OF LIQUID WATER AT OBSERVED PENETRATION DEPTHS, THE TEMPERATURE GRADIENT FROM VOLUME SCATTERING IS OVERCOME BY INCREASED EMISSION FROM LIQUID WATER. PASSIVE MICROWAVE (PM) MELT ONSET DETECTION USES ANALYSIS OF DIURNAL AMPLITUDE VARIATION (DAV) TIME SERIES TO IDENTIFY THE ONSET OF TYPICAL DAYTIME MELT WITH NIGHTTIME REFREEZE, AND TO IDENTIFY THE DURATION OF THIS MELT/REFREEZE CYCLING. ORIGINALLY DEVELOPED USING COARSE RESOLUTION PM OBSERVATIONS AT 25 KM SAMPLING AND GRIDDING RESOLUTIONS ON MEDIUM TO LARGE GLACIERIZED AREAS, WE HAVE RECENTLY DEMONSTRATED THAT ENHANCED SPATIAL RESOLUTION PM OBSERVATIONS CAN NOW BE EFFECTIVELY USED IN MORE HETEROGENOUS LANDSCAPES, INCLUDING LAND/WATER GRADIENTS AND TOPOGRAPHICALLY COMPLEX REGIONS. WE WILL BE USING THE NASA MEASURES CALIBRATED, ENHANCED-RESOLUTION BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES (CETB) EARTH SYSTEM DATA RECORD (ESDR) TO FURTHER DEVELOP AND EVALUATE DAV ALGORITHM DETECTION OF MELT ONSET. WE WILL LEVERAGE THE IMPROVED SPATIAL RESOLUTION OF CETB PRODUCTS, AT 3.125 KM, COMPARED TO 25 KM RESOLUTION OF LEGACY DATA PRODUCTS, WITH NEWLY-AVAILABLE PIXELLEVEL VARIABILITY STATISTICS, TO DEVELOP DAV ALGORITHM THRESHOLDS APPROPRIATE FOR SELECTED CLIMATE REGIMES AND LANDSCAPES. TO SUPPORT US ARMY ERDC OBJECTIVES TO USE THE PROPOSED RESEARCH TO SUPPORT ARMY OPERATIONAL MOBILITY GOALS, WE WILL DEFINE, DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT DATA TRANSFER WORKFLOWS FOR INGESTING THE CETB DATA INTO AN ONLINE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) DATA PORTAL THAT WILL BE HOSTED AT CRREL AS A PROOF-OF-CONCEPT SYSTEM. THE GIS PORTAL WILL BE USED TO DEMONSTRATE GIS ANALYST USE CASES, POSING QUESTIONS ABOUT COLD REGIONS STATUS OF SNOW COVER AND MELT ONSET DERIVED FROM SATELLITE PM OBSERVATIONS. THE LONG RECORD OF CETB DATA PROVIDES A VALUABLE CLIMATOLOGICAL CONTEXT FOR INTERPRETATION OF OBSERVED CONDITIONS. THE SPATIAL COVERAGE OF CETB DATA PROVIDES REGIONAL CONTEXT THAT CAN ONLY BE OBTAINED FROM SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS. WE WILL INGEST THE AVAILABLE HISTORICAL CETB RECORD FROM 6 SSM/I AND 4 SSMIS SENSORS INTO THE TEST PORTAL AT CRREL. WE WILL DELIVER AN OPEN SOURCE PYTHON LANGUAGE PACKAGE WITH ALGORITHMS FOR DERIVING SWE AND MELT ONSET FROM THE INGESTED CETB DATA GRIDS. THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO IS CURRENTLY FUNDED BY US ARMY ERDC TO EVALUATE SWE ALGORITHM IMPROVEMENTS USING NEAR REAL-TIME CETB DATA AS AN EXTENSION OF THE HISTORICAL CETB RECORD. THE PROPOSED RESEARCH CAN BE USED TO FURTHER IMPROVE ENHANCED-RESOLUTION SWE ESTIMATES, BY INDICATING AREAS AND TIMES WITH INCREASED UNCERTAINTY IN SWE ESTIMATES DUE TO DETECTED MELTING CONDITIONS. THE RESULTING MELT ONSET PRODUCT WILL PROVIDE A UNIQUE, SYSTEMATICALLY-DERIVED, 30+ YEAR TIME SERIES OF MELT TIMING AND DURATION FOR REGIONS THAT ARE TOO REMOTE TO OBSERVE OTHER THAN BY REMOTE SENSING, AND WILL INCREASE THE UTILITY OF NEAR REAL-TIME SWE PRODUCTS USED FOR OPERATIONAL ARMY ACTIVITIES. THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO WILL SUPPORT THE EFFORTS OF LEHIGH UNIVERSITY IN THE PROPOSED RESEARCH TASKS BY (1) HELPING TO COMPILE APPROPRIATE DATA SETS FOR EVALUATION AND VALIDATION OF MELT ONSET ALGORITHMS IN SELECTED CLIMATE/LANDSCAPE REGIMES, (2) PROVIDING APPROPRIATE CETB SPATIOTEMPORAL SUBSETS WITH ADDITIONAL PIXEL-LEVEL MEASUREMENT STATISTICS FOR DERIVING OPTIMIZED TEMPERATURE THRESHOLDS, (3) IMPLEMENTING EFFICIENT ALGORITHMS TO DERIVE MELT ONSET AND DURATION PRODUCTS, AND (4) USING CU SUPERCOMPUTING FACILITIES AND PETALIBRARY STORAGE SERVICES TO PERFORM ANALYSIS AND DATA PRODUCTION AT THE LOCATION OF THE CETB DATA ARCHIVE AT CU. THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO WILL SUPPORT THE PROPOSED GIS TASKS BY (1) WORKING WITH CRREL TO DEFINE AN APPROPRIATE WORKFLOW FOR CETB DATA INGEST TO THE CRREL DATA PORTAL, (2) USING THE NEW WORKFLOW TO INGEST THE HISTORICAL CETB SSM/I AND SSMIS SENSOR BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE GRIDS INTO THE CRREL PORTAL BACKEND, AND (3) DELIVERING AN OPEN SOURCE PYTHON PACKAGE THAT CAN BE USED BY A GIS ANALYST USING THE CRREL PORTAL TO DERIVE GRIDDED PRODUCTS FROM CETB DATA. EARLY IN THE PROJECT, WE WILL PARTICIPATE IN A TECHNICAL PLANNING MEETING WITH COLLABORATORS AT LEHIGH UNIVERSITY. THEREAFTER, WE WILL COORDINATE WITH LEHIGH COLLABORATORS IN REGULARLY SCHEDULED TELECONS AND ASSIST IN PRESENTING RESULTS IN PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL PAPERS.
The Regents Of The University Of Colorado
Definitive Contract W913E521C0015
$42.2k 9/26/23 54492578001S
UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO SUPPORT FOR LEHIGH UNIVERSITY PROPOSAL: SNOW MELT DETECTION USING CALIBRATED ENHANCED-RESOLUTION BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES (CETB) AND PIXEL-LEVEL VARIABILITY STATISTICS: IMPLICATIONS FOR SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT ESTIMATION, RUNOFF TIMING, AND MOBILITY 01 AUG 2020 A 31 JULY 2023 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO PI: MARY J. BRODZIK STATEMENT OF WORK THE OCCURRENCE OF MELT ONSET IS A CHARACTERISTIC PHYSICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL PHENOMENON IN COLD REGIONS. TIMING, DURATION AND INTENSITY OF MELT DIRECTLY AFFECT SNOWPACK STRENGTH AND STRUCTURE, ENERGY FLUXES, AND RUNOFF TIMING AND MAGNITUDE. IN A COLD, DRY, SNOW PACK, MULTI-FREQUENCY TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS ARE CORRELATED WITH INCREASED VOLUME SCATTERING, AND USED TO ESTIMATE SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT. HOWEVER, IN THE PRESENCE OF EVEN SMALL AMOUNTS OF LIQUID WATER AT OBSERVED PENETRATION DEPTHS, THE TEMPERATURE GRADIENT FROM VOLUME SCATTERING IS OVERCOME BY INCREASED EMISSION FROM LIQUID WATER. PASSIVE MICROWAVE (PM) MELT ONSET DETECTION USES ANALYSIS OF DIURNAL AMPLITUDE VARIATION (DAV) TIME SERIES TO IDENTIFY THE ONSET OF TYPICAL DAYTIME MELT WITH NIGHTTIME REFREEZE, AND TO IDENTIFY THE DURATION OF THIS MELT/REFREEZE CYCLING. ORIGINALLY DEVELOPED USING COARSE RESOLUTION PM OBSERVATIONS AT 25 KM SAMPLING AND GRIDDING RESOLUTIONS ON MEDIUM TO LARGE GLACIERIZED AREAS, WE HAVE RECENTLY DEMONSTRATED THAT ENHANCED SPATIAL RESOLUTION PM OBSERVATIONS CAN NOW BE EFFECTIVELY USED IN MORE HETEROGENOUS LANDSCAPES, INCLUDING LAND/WATER GRADIENTS AND TOPOGRAPHICALLY COMPLEX REGIONS. WE WILL BE USING THE NASA MEASURES CALIBRATED, ENHANCED-RESOLUTION BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES (CETB) EARTH SYSTEM DATA RECORD (ESDR) TO FURTHER DEVELOP AND EVALUATE DAV ALGORITHM DETECTION OF MELT ONSET. WE WILL LEVERAGE THE IMPROVED SPATIAL RESOLUTION OF CETB PRODUCTS, AT 3.125 KM, COMPARED TO 25 KM RESOLUTION OF LEGACY DATA PRODUCTS, WITH NEWLY-AVAILABLE PIXELLEVEL VARIABILITY STATISTICS, TO DEVELOP DAV ALGORITHM THRESHOLDS APPROPRIATE FOR SELECTED CLIMATE REGIMES AND LANDSCAPES. TO SUPPORT US ARMY ERDC OBJECTIVES TO USE THE PROPOSED RESEARCH TO SUPPORT ARMY OPERATIONAL MOBILITY GOALS, WE WILL DEFINE, DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT DATA TRANSFER WORKFLOWS FOR INGESTING THE CETB DATA INTO AN ONLINE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) DATA PORTAL THAT WILL BE HOSTED AT CRREL AS A PROOF-OF-CONCEPT SYSTEM. THE GIS PORTAL WILL BE USED TO DEMONSTRATE GIS ANALYST USE CASES, POSING QUESTIONS ABOUT COLD REGIONS STATUS OF SNOW COVER AND MELT ONSET DERIVED FROM SATELLITE PM OBSERVATIONS. THE LONG RECORD OF CETB DATA PROVIDES A VALUABLE CLIMATOLOGICAL CONTEXT FOR INTERPRETATION OF OBSERVED CONDITIONS. THE SPATIAL COVERAGE OF CETB DATA PROVIDES REGIONAL CONTEXT THAT CAN ONLY BE OBTAINED FROM SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS. WE WILL INGEST THE AVAILABLE HISTORICAL CETB RECORD FROM 6 SSM/I AND 4 SSMIS SENSORS INTO THE TEST PORTAL AT CRREL. WE WILL DELIVER AN OPEN SOURCE PYTHON LANGUAGE PACKAGE WITH ALGORITHMS FOR DERIVING SWE AND MELT ONSET FROM THE INGESTED CETB DATA GRIDS. THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO IS CURRENTLY FUNDED BY US ARMY ERDC TO EVALUATE SWE ALGORITHM IMPROVEMENTS USING NEAR REAL-TIME CETB DATA AS AN EXTENSION OF THE HISTORICAL CETB RECORD. THE PROPOSED RESEARCH CAN BE USED TO FURTHER IMPROVE ENHANCED-RESOLUTION SWE ESTIMATES, BY INDICATING AREAS AND TIMES WITH INCREASED UNCERTAINTY IN SWE ESTIMATES DUE TO DETECTED MELTING CONDITIONS. THE RESULTING MELT ONSET PRODUCT WILL PROVIDE A UNIQUE, SYSTEMATICALLY-DERIVED, 30+ YEAR TIME SERIES OF MELT TIMING AND DURATION FOR REGIONS THAT ARE TOO REMOTE TO OBSERVE OTHER THAN BY REMOTE SENSING, AND WILL INCREASE THE UTILITY OF NEAR REAL-TIME SWE PRODUCTS USED FOR OPERATIONAL ARMY ACTIVITIES. THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO WILL SUPPORT THE EFFORTS OF LEHIGH UNIVERSITY IN THE PROPOSED RESEARCH TASKS BY (1) HELPING TO COMPILE APPROPRIATE DATA SETS FOR EVALUATION AND VALIDATION OF MELT ONSET ALGORITHMS IN SELECTED CLIMATE/LANDSCAPE REGIMES, (2) PROVIDING APPROPRIATE CETB SPATIOTEMPORAL SUBSETS WITH ADDITIONAL PIXEL-LEVEL MEASUREMENT STATISTICS FOR DERIVING OPTIMIZED TEMPERATURE THRESHOLDS, (3) IMPLEMENTING EFFICIENT ALGORITHMS TO DERIVE MELT ONSET AND DURATION PRODUCTS, AND (4) USING CU SUPERCOMPUTING FACILITIES AND PETALIBRARY STORAGE SERVICES TO PERFORM ANALYSIS AND DATA PRODUCTION AT THE LOCATION OF THE CETB DATA ARCHIVE AT CU. THE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO WILL SUPPORT THE PROPOSED GIS TASKS BY (1) WORKING WITH CRREL TO DEFINE AN APPROPRIATE WORKFLOW FOR CETB DATA INGEST TO THE CRREL DATA PORTAL, (2) USING THE NEW WORKFLOW TO INGEST THE HISTORICAL CETB SSM/I AND SSMIS SENSOR BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE GRIDS INTO THE CRREL PORTAL BACKEND, AND (3) DELIVERING AN OPEN SOURCE PYTHON PACKAGE THAT CAN BE USED BY A GIS ANALYST USING THE CRREL PORTAL TO DERIVE GRIDDED PRODUCTS FROM CETB DATA. EARLY IN THE PROJECT, WE WILL PARTICIPATE IN A TECHNICAL PLANNING MEETING WITH COLLABORATORS AT LEHIGH UNIVERSITY. THEREAFTER, WE WILL COORDINATE WITH LEHIGH COLLABORATORS IN REGULARLY SCHEDULED TELECONS AND ASSIST IN PRESENTING RESULTS IN PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL PAPERS.
The Regents Of The University Of Colorado
Definitive Contract W913E521C0015
$218.3k 9/25/23 54487078001S
UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO SUPPORT FOR LEHIGH UNIVERSITY PROPOSAL: SNOW MELT DETECTION USING CALIBRATED ENHANCED-RESOLUTION BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES (CETB) AND PIXEL-LEVEL VARIABILITY STATISTICS: IMPLICATIONS FOR SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT ESTIMATION, RUNOFF TIMING, AND MOBILITY 01 AUG 2020 A 31 JULY 2023 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO PI: MARY J. BRODZIK STATEMENT OF WORK THE OCCURRENCE OF MELT ONSET IS A CHARACTERISTIC PHYSICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL PHENOMENON IN COLD REGIONS. TIMING, DURATION AND INTENSITY OF MELT DIRECTLY AFFECT SNOWPACK STRENGTH AND STRUCTURE, ENERGY FLUXES, AND RUNOFF TIMING AND MAGNITUDE. IN A COLD, DRY, SNOW PACK, MULTI-FREQUENCY TEMPERATURE GRADIENTS ARE CORRELATED WITH INCREASED VOLUME SCATTERING, AND USED TO ESTIMATE SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT. HOWEVER, IN THE PRESENCE OF EVEN SMALL AMOUNTS OF LIQUID WATER AT OBSERVED PENETRATION DEPTHS, THE TEMPERATURE GRADIENT FROM VOLUME SCATTERING IS OVERCOME BY INCREASED EMISSION FROM LIQUID WATER. PASSIVE MICROWAVE (PM) MELT ONSET DETECTION USES ANALYSIS OF DIURNAL AMPLITUDE VARIATION (DAV) TIME SERIES TO IDENTIFY THE ONSET OF TYPICAL DAYTIME MELT WITH NIGHTTIME REFREEZE, AND TO IDENTIFY THE DURATION OF THIS MELT/REFREEZE CYCLING. ORIGINALLY DEVELOPED USING COARSE RESOLUTION PM OBSERVATIONS AT 25 KM SAMPLING AND GRIDDING RESOLUTIONS ON MEDIUM TO LARGE GLACIERIZED AREAS, WE HAVE RECENTLY DEMONSTRATED THAT ENHANCED SPATIAL RESOLUTION PM OBSERVATIONS CAN NOW BE EFFECTIVELY USED IN MORE HETEROGENOUS LANDSCAPES, INCLUDING LAND/WATER GRADIENTS AND TOPOGRAPHICALLY COMPLEX REGIONS. WE WILL BE USING THE NASA MEASURES CALIBRATED, ENHANCED-RESOLUTION BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES (CETB) EARTH SYSTEM DATA RECORD (ESDR) TO FURTHER DEVELOP AND EVALUATE DAV ALGORITHM DETECTION OF MELT ONSET. WE WILL LEVERAGE THE IMPROVED SPATIAL RESOLUTION OF CETB PRODUCTS, AT 3.125 KM, COMPARED TO 25 KM RESOLUTION OF LEGACY DATA PRODUCTS, WITH NEWLY-AVAILABLE PIXELLEVEL VARIABILITY STATISTICS, TO DEVELOP DAV ALGORITHM THRESHOLDS APPROPRIATE FOR SELECTED CLIMATE REGIMES AND LANDSCAPES. TO SUPPORT US ARMY ERDC OBJECTIVES TO USE THE PROPOSED RESEARCH TO SUPPORT ARMY OPERATIONAL MOBILITY GOALS, WE WILL DEFINE, DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT DATA TRANSFER WORKFLOWS FOR INGESTING THE CETB DATA INTO AN ONLINE GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) DATA PORTAL THAT WILL BE HOSTED AT CRREL AS A PROOF-OF-CONCEPT SYSTEM. THE GIS PORTAL WILL BE USED TO DEMONSTRATE GIS ANALYST USE CASES, POSING QUESTIONS ABOUT COLD REGIONS STATUS OF SNOW COVER AND MELT ONSET DERIVED FROM SATELLITE PM OBSERVATIONS. THE LONG RECORD OF CETB DATA PROVIDES A VALUABLE CLIMATOLOGICAL CONTEXT FOR INTERPRETATION OF OBSERVED CONDITIONS. THE SPATIAL COVERAGE OF CETB DATA PROVIDES REGIONAL CONTEXT THAT CAN ONLY BE OBTAINED FROM SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS. WE WILL INGEST THE AVAILABLE HISTORICAL CETB RECORD FROM 6 SSM/I AND 4 SSMIS SENSORS INTO THE TEST PORTAL AT CRREL. WE WILL DELIVER AN OPEN SOURCE PYTHON LANGUAGE PACKAGE WITH ALGORITHMS FOR DERIVING SWE AND MELT ONSET FROM THE INGESTED CETB DATA GRIDS.
The Regents Of The University Of Colorado
Definitive Contract W913E521C0015
$67.6k 7/11/23 54463778001S
University of Colorado Support for Lehigh University Proposal: Snow Melt Detection Using Calibrated Enhanced-resolution Brightness Temperatures (CETB) and Pixel-level Variability Statistics: Implications for Snow Water Equivalent Estimation, Runoff Timing, and Mobility 01 Aug 2020 a 31 July 2023 University of Colorado PI: Mary J. Brodzik Statement of Work The occurrence of melt onset is a characteristic physical and hydrological phenomenon in cold regions. Timing, duration and intensity of melt directly affect snowpack strength and structure, energy fluxes, and runoff timing and magnitude. In a cold, dry, snow pack, multi-frequency temperature gradients are correlated with increased volume scattering, and used to estimate snow water equivalent. However, in the presence of even small amounts of liquid water at observed penetration depths, the temperature gradient from volume scattering is overcome by increased emission from liquid water. Passive microwave (PM) melt onset detection uses analysis of diurnal amplitude variation (DAV) time series to identify the onset of typical daytime melt with nighttime refreeze, and to identify the duration of this melt/refreeze cycling. Originally developed using coarse resolution PM observations at 25 km sampling and gridding resolutions on medium to large glacierized areas, we have recently demonstrated that enhanced spatial resolution PM observations can now be effectively used in more heterogenous landscapes, including land/water gradients and topographically complex regions. We will be using the NASA MEaSUREs Calibrated, Enhanced-Resolution Brightness Temperatures (CETB) Earth System Data Record (ESDR) to further develop and evaluate DAV algorithm detection of melt onset. We will leverage the improved spatial resolution of CETB products, at 3.125 km, compared to 25 km resolution of legacy data products, with newly-available pixel-level variability statistics, to develop DAV algorithm thresholds appropriate for selected climate regimes and landscapes. To support US Army ERDC objectives to use the proposed research to support Army operational mobility goals, we will define, develop and implement data transfer workflows for ingesting the CETB data into an online Geographic Information System (GIS) data portal that will be hosted at CRREL as a proof-of-concept system. The GIS portal will be used to demonstrate GIS analyst use cases, posing questions about cold regions status of snow cover and melt onset derived from satellite PM observations. The long record of CETB data provides a valuable climatological context for interpretation of observed conditions. The spatial coverage of CETB data provides regional context that can only be obtained from satellite observations. We will ingest the available historical CETB record from 6 SSM/I and 4 SSMIS sensors into the test portal at CRREL. We will deliver an open source python language package with algorithms for deriving SWE and melt onset from the ingested CETB data grids. The University of Colorado is currently funded by US Army ERDC to evaluate SWE algorithm improvements using near real-time CETB data as an extension of the historical CETB record. The proposed research can be used to further improve enhanced-resolution SWE estimates, by indicating areas and times with increased uncertainty in SWE estimates due to detected melting conditions. The resulting melt onset product will provide a unique, systematically-derived, 30+ year time series of melt timing and duration for regions that are too remote to observe other than by remote sensing, and will increase the utility of near real-time SWE products used for operational Army activities. The University of Colorado will support the efforts of Lehigh University in the proposed research tasks by (1) helping to compile appropriate data sets for evaluation and validation of melt onset algorithms in selected climate/landscape regimes, (2) providing appropriate CETB spatiotemporal subsets with additional pixel-level measurement statistics for deriving optimized temperature thresholds, (3) implementing efficient algorithms to derive melt onset and duration products, and (4) using CU supercomputing facilities and PetaLibrary storage services to perform analysis and data production at the location of the CETB data archive at CU. The University of Colorado will support the proposed GIS tasks by (1) working with CRREL to define an appropriate workflow for CETB data ingest to the CRREL data portal, (2) using the new workflow to ingest the historical CETB SSM/I and SSMIS sensor brightness temperature grids into the CRREL portal backend, and (3) delivering an open source python package that can be used by a GIS analyst using the CRREL portal to derive gridded products from CETB data. Early in the project, we will participate in a technical planning meeting with collaborators at Lehigh University. Thereafter, we will coordinate with Lehigh collaborators in regularly scheduled telecons and assist in presenting results in peer-reviewed journal papers.
The Regents Of The University Of Colorado
Definitive Contract W913E521C0015
$143.1k 6/8/22