White Paper No. 91 - Enterprise_3D_Printer_Standards.pdf

ACE-IT White Paper 091 Rev 0 Prepared by: ACE-IT Enterprise 3D Printer Standards 28 Aug 17

Enterprise 3D Printer Standards

Purpose: To provide guidance on the USACE and Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) standards and requirements concerning the use of 3D printers on the USACE Enterprise Network (CorpsNet).

Scope: USACE definition of a 3D printer. A 3D printer is an additive manufacturing device that produces an object by layering material in increments. It requires experience and knowledge with 3D design software as well as experience with 3D printing software. Pre- and post- processing is necessary when producing 3D objects. Only 3D solids and 3D meshes without gaps are 3D printable. It is not a “printer” under the definition of an output device..

Additive manufacturing is suitable for making complex and custom components. The time to produce an object is likely to be many hours or even days. In many instances, a large model requires multiple smaller pieces with manual assembly and finishing to remove the support material.

Standard: The requirements for USACE 3D printing standards is based on the requirement to produce architectural or product models for study or presentation in an office environment.

For presentation or display purposes, the printed object shall be sufficiently strong and durable for transportation and handling. The 3D printer shall be large enough to print the average model in a single run without sectioning into 2 or more pieces for assembly. The printed model shall not require excessive manual post-processing to be in display or presentation condition.

For study or research modeling purposes, the 3D printer shall print the designed model or product accurately and consistently to facilitate assembly and meet specifications for realistic scale models.

The 3D printer shall be able to produce detailed models, cutaway drawings, regardless of shape in a reasonable size for viewing.

Definitions:

Office Environment - The typical or normal setting of an output device is an indoor environment with sufficient level tabletop/desktop space to support the device, 15A/20A 110-120V AC electrical power, regulated temperature and humidity, and an Ethernet LAN with a Cat 5e or Cat 6 rated UTP network cabling. A patch cord with the same cable rating (normally 10ft. or less) is required for connectivity to the network.

STIG Compliance – 3D printers shall meet network Security Technical Implementation Guide (STIG) security policies, requirements, and implementation details. This is intended for use in conjunction with the appropriate operating system (OS) STIGs, and other STIGs listed in the References section below.

Capability: USACE 3D printers shall meet the following requirements.

1. USACE 3D Printer Requirements

1.1. Print Features

1.1.1. Print Technology and Materials – The 3D printer shall use one of the following 3D printing technologies -

1.1.1.1. PolyJet/InkJet Process – Photopolymer

1.1.1.2. SLA – Stereolithography - Photopolymer

1.1.1.3. DLP – Digital Light Processing – Photopolymer

1.1.1.4. FDM – Fused Deposit Modeling – Production Grade Thermoplastics

1.2. Printer Design

1.2.1. Safety

1.2.1.1. The 3D printer shall have an enclosed print chamber with a door that seals and locks during printing.

1.2.1.2. 3D printers produce emissions such as ultrafine particles and volatile compounds (vapors) during operation. Emissions shall not escape outside the enclosed printing chamber during printing.

1.2.1.3. The 3D printer shall not operate when the door to the print chamber is opened. The door shall be securely closed.

1.2.1.4. The 3D printer shall not radiate excessive heat above the normal office temperature during the printing process.

1.2.1.5. Product shall be certified by an organization with nationally recognized and published standards for safety such as Underwriter Laboratories (UL), European Commission (CE), Canadian Standards Association (CSA), etc.

1.2.2. The 3D printer shall be designed and constructed with suitable materials such that physical and environment forces acting upon the printer during the printing process shall not disturb the accuracy, repeatability, and reliability of the printer.

1.2.3. If the 3D printer is not a desktop model, it shall have rollers/wheels for transporting or moving.

1.2.4. The 3D printer, when purchased and delivered, shall be a completely fabricated device with minimal installation of assembled required parts and assessories/optional parts.

1.2.5. Size – The build volume space (X,Y,Z) shall be approximately 254mm x 254mm x 254mm (10in. x 10in. x10in.).

1.2.6. Print accuracy is defined to be within 100 microns of the design specifications.

1.2.7. Resolution (Vertical) - The Z resolution shall be 100 microns (.1mm) or less.

This defines the smallest Z layer or thickness the 3D printer can produce.

1.2.8. Resolution (Horizontal) – The XY resolution shall be 100 microns (.1mm) or less. This defines the smallest movement on the XY plane the 3D printer can make.

1.2.9. Resolution (Minimum feature size) – this is the smallest physical detail the 3D printer can make on the XY plane. Actual resolution of a 3D printer is dependent on the printing technology used since the horizontal movement can be smaller than the smallest amount of material being deposited.

1.2.9.1. FDM – size of extruding nozzle

1.2.9.2. SLA, DLP – size of the laser ‘spot’

1.2.9.3. PolyJet/InkJet – consolidated area of the printhead containing the inkjets.

1.3. Accessories and Connectivity

1.3.1. Post-production Finisher shall be included if the support material is not designed to be broken off or removed easily.

1.3.2. Compatibility with current version of USACE Windows

1.3.2.1. Win7

1.3.2.2. Win10

1.3.3. USB 2.0/3.0

1.3.4. Network Requirements (not required for USB only connectivity)

1.3.4.1. Device shall be network ready for work in an office environment supporting IPv4 and IPv6 with a minimum of 10/100Base-TX (100Mb Ethernet) network interface. 10/100/1000Base-TX (Gigabit Ethernet) is preferred.

1.3.4.2. Device shall meet STIG compliance requirements.

1.3.4.3. Device shall support IPV6.

1.3.4.4. Devices shall be capable of remote monitoring and management to include firmware and driver upgrades.

1.3.4.5. Devices shall support SNMP v3.

1.3.4.6. Devices shall not use Wi-Fi or shall be capable of disabling Wi-Fi.

1.4. Software Requirements

1.4.1. 3D Printing Software – The manufacturer shall provide 3D printing and management software with the 3D printer.

1.4.2. USACE Approved 3D Design software

1.4.2.1. Unless another USACE CADD applications is selected, AutoDESK Inc.

software shall be used as the 3D design software and tools for review, validation, and revision of 3D models.

1.4.2.2. Sketchup Pro

1.4.2.3. The models shall be saved or exported as STL files for 3D printing.

1.4.3. Data Formats – The 3D printing software provided by the 3D printer shall support the STL data format.

1.4.3.1. STL - Stereolithography Format - STL (STereoLithography) was created by 3D Systems for their software. It is also known as Standard Triangulation Language Format and widely used for rapid prototyping in additive manufacturing or 3D printing. STL files describe the surface geometry of a three dimensional object as triangular meshes. The STL format specifies both ASCII and binary representations. Binary files are smaller and more commonly used.

1.5. Required Manufacturer Support and Maintenance

1.5.1. Manufacturer Support shall include the following -

1.5.1.1. On-line, email, and telephone support. User forum support/Internet support is insufficient.

1.5.1.2. Due to the mechanical nature of the device, vendor shall provide on-site service, on-site support for diagnosis of problems, and parts replacement options.

1.5.2. Manufacturer Warranty shall be a minimum of 1 year.

1.5.3. Manufacturer shall provide preventative maintenance, maintenance kits and spare parts.

1.5.4. Manufacturer shall provide maintenance and service contracts for their devices.

1.5.5. Manufacturer shall provide hardware and software updates for all devices not designated as end-of support.

1.5.6. Manufacturer shall provide on-site or off-site training.

1.5.7. Manufacturer shall provide for recycling of build materials and objects.

1.5.8. Manufacturer shall provide supplies for their devices.

References:

• Emission of particulate matter from a desktop three-dimensional (3D) printer, Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 2016, Vol 79, No. 11, 453-465.

• Emissions of Ultrafine Particles and Volatile Organic Compounds from Commercially Available Desktop Three-Dimensional Printers with Multiple Filaments, Environmental Science and Technology, 2016, 50, 1260-1268.

• Enterprise Standard (ES)-08016 Computer Aided Design and Drafting (CADD)

• Network Infrastructure STIG Overview, Version 8, Release 8, 23 Jan 2015

• Removable Storage And External Connections STIG Overview, Version 1, Release 3, 24

April 2014

• Windows Operating Systems STIGs Overview, Version 1, Release 2, 24 April 2015

• Multifunction Device and Network Printers STIG Version 2, Release 5, 25 Apr 2015

• Information Assurance Support Environment Website:

http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/Pages/index.aspx

Documentor: Linda Chew, End-Systems Engineering Branch, CEIT-EDC-E, USACE ACE-IT, linda.a.chew@usace.army.mil http://iase.disa.mil/stigs/Pages/index.aspx