02c._User_Manual_APA5_B2.2_2014.3_Digital.pdf

Atlas Powered Ascender

Document APA05-M14-Rev3.

Model APA-5 Operators Manual 2014.3

APA - 5 Manual 2014.3 - Atlas Devices Proprietary

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Document APA05-M14-Rev3. This version supersedes all previous revisions.

Check with manufacturer to ensure that this is the most recent version. Operating with out of date information could be extremely hazardous.

The Atlas Powered Ascender model APA-5 is manufactured in the USA under U.S.

Patents 7,261,278 and 7,581,715 and 7,934,698. Additional U.S. and foreign patents pending.

Atlas Devices, its logo, and associated trademarks are owned by:

Atlas Devices, LLC. © Atlas Devices, LLC

56 Roland St Suite 114 | Boston, MA 02129

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Copyright and Liability Information:

All Content Copyright ©2014 Atlas Devices, LLC All Rights Reserved.

No part of this manual may be copied or distributed, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any human or computer language, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, manual, or otherwise, including photocopying, or disclosed to third parties, without express written permission from Atlas Devices, LLC, 56 Roland St., Suite 114, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.

Limits of Liability:

While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this documentation, Atlas Devices, LLC assumes no responsibility whatsoever for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.

TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ATLAS DEVICES, LLC,

ITS OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND CONTRACTORS, AND THEIR SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM

ALL WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED

TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR

PURPOSE, WITH REGARD TO THE HARDWARE, SOFTWARE, AND ALL ACCOMPANYING OR

SUBSEQUENTLY SUPPLIED WRITTEN MATERIALS AND DOCUMENTATION.

TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO EVENT SHALL

ATLAS DEVICES, LLC, ITS OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES OR CONTRACTORS, OR THEIR

SUPPLIERS, BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING WITHOUT

LIMITATION, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INDIRECT DAMAGES

FOR PERSONAL INJURY, LOSS OF BUSINESS PROFITS, OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)

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Disclaimer:

The APA-5 ascender is not a life support device and should not be relied upon as such. The APA-5 has the capability to enable rapid vertical mobility when necessary;

however the APA-5 does not enhance the safety of the ascension system beyond the capabilities inherent to the rope and other climbing equipment.

Appropriate fall arrest and life support equipment and procedures are required to operate this device with acceptable safety conditions.

This device does nothing to mitigate the inherent risks in rope access and ascent.

Atlas Devices, LLC cannot and does not ensure the safety of the operator.

Content

Introduction Quick Reference, package and system components, device orientation, principles of operation, and warnings.

Routine Operation How to safely attach and operate the device during regular use, including rope anchoring, operational techniques, and use with accessories and redundant safety systems

Routine Maintenance Battery charging, cleaning, and inspection.

Troubleshooting What to do if device does not function as expected.

Specifications Standard dimensions, weights, and capacities.

Operator Information Warranty information, service, and serial number.

Index

Contents

Routine Operation

The APA-5 is a fully self-contained, rugged powered rope ascender that enables the rapid ascent of fixed kernmantle lines.

APA-5 Full Package Components

The standard APA-5 package includes all components needed for normal operation and maintenance.

• APA-5 Powered Rope Ascender w/ battery

• Battery charger (APA-5 BC3 Series)

• Instruction manual, quick reference card, warranty and contact card.

• Storage and transport case

• Rope kit, basic equipment (P/N ADRK2/BE)

• Rope kit, specialized equipment (P/N ADRK2/SE)

* Note: The full package contents above represents the most common system package. Other variants of the system packages may have been acquired at the discretion of the purchasing officer.

Introduction

If the ascender has been purchased without the rope kits, operation of the APA-5 ascender requires but does not include:

1For use in self-rescue or alternative descents

10.5mm or 11mm static kernmantle rope. While smaller or larger sizes may work, the device is designed and has undergone extensive testing with 10.5 or 11mm Rope. Highest performance operation is enabled by use with Atlas Devices ToughLine. This line has a Technora sheath which affords greater rope longevity with this system. Do not use with twisted nylon, hemp, "gold line", or other non-kernmantle rope.

Petzl Vector™ or BlueWater AssaultLine ™ 10.5mm or 11 mm rope or superior ropes are recommended for use with the APA-5 if Atlas ToughLine is not available.

Climbing Harness, helmet, rappel device1, locking carabiner, Prusiks or mechanical ascenders1, anchor materials, and webbing.

Redundant fall arrest system, including rope, rope grab, lanyard, and anchor materials.

System Components

The APA-5 is designed to be easy and intuitive to use, but there are a number of parts that the user should become familiar with before operating to maximize the usability of the system. Brake, drive train, and rope interaction are unseen, located inside the housing or top cover.

Figure 1: APA-5 System Components

Control Interface

Ascent Trigger

Carry Handle

NOT LOAD RATED

Load Rated Clip-in Point

Emergency Descent Lever (Red - On Other Side)

Rope Mechanism

Nose Guard

Battery

Battery Interface

Battery ON / OFF Switch

Battery Status Indicator

Battery Charging Plug

Ascent Trigger

Control Interface

Carry Handle

NOT LOAD RATED

Load Rated Clip-in Point

Emergency Descent Lever (Red - On Other Side)

Rope Mechanism

Nose Guard

BatteryBattery Interface

Principles of Operation

The APA-5 uses a powerful electric motor to spin a capstan and pull a rope. The capstan's unique shape allows it to grab a variety of different rope sizes in many environmental conditions. When the device is weighted by the operator, the user’s weight increases the grip of the capstan on the rope. A pulley and a specially designed guide are used to route the rope through the device, into and out of the capstan.

The system operates much like a household power drill. A variable speed control, the trigger, is used to change the speed at which the motor rotates. This allows the operator to adjust the speed of ascent while underway, adapting to different conditions as needed.

When the operator is not ascending or descending with the APA-5, the ascender will automatically lock out, providing a safe, static position on the rope within the system’s load ratings.

Warnings

Climbing and technical rope access is an inherently dangerous activity. Even minor oversights or accidents can cause serious injuries or death. This device contains high speed, high power rotary components. Keep any loose objects away to prevent damage to the device and object. Long hair, loose clothing, etc. can become entangled in the rotary components even with the appropriate guards in place. This will mangle and disfigure;

take care to prevent injury. Components spin faster than human reaction time: once caught, the users may be unable to stop the device in time and will require immediate medical attention.

DO NOT OPERATE WITHOUT

GUARDS IN PLACE

The APA-5 is not a toy or recreational piece of equipment and should never be used as such. The device should always be treated with attention and caution for user safety. NEVER PLACE YOUR HANDS NEAR THE EXPOSED ROPE

ENGAGEMENT WHILE THE POWER IS ON.

Keep fingers away from obvious pinch points, and chop/rip zones. Wearing rings, jewelry, or gloves on the hands increases the likelihood of entanglement in a rotary component, and also drastically increases the likelihood of serious injury such as “de-gloving” or amputation.

Do not attempt to grab on to a rope being pulled through the device. The device is capable of pulling with very high force exceeding a user’s expectations;

a person will not be able to use their hands to prevent the device from pulling rope and therefore should never attempt to grab the rope entering the device. Additionally, the rope travels fast enough to severely burn the hands of the operator from friction.

Figure 2: Never touch incoming up-rope during operation

DO NOT GRAB

INCOMING ROPE

Do not grab the rope feeding into the device. This may cause the hands to be pulled into the device.

Do not clip yourself or any load to the carrying handle. The handle is for carrying only and is not rated for loaded use. A lanyard may be attached to the handle for aid in carrying the device only. Securing any load or person to the carrying handle risks handle breakage and falling.

Do not attempt to override manufacturer-installed guards and safety systems.

This will drastically increase the risk of operator injury. Additionally, this may cause the device to malfunction or become damaged. RECONFIGURING THE

DEVICE IN ANY FASHION OUTSIDE THE STRICT GUIDELINES OF THIS MANUAL

VOIDS ALL MANUFACTURER WARRANTEES AND ENDANGERS THE USER.

This system possesses a custom high-discharge battery. Do not puncture, heat, short, or access stored energy. Do not attempt to recharge with a non-standard battery charger. This will damage both the battery and the charger. It also may cause a fire. Only use the Atlas Devices-supplied APA-5 BC3 series charger and batteries.

Do not use the battery for any purpose other than powering the APA-5. The battery is not compatible with other devices or systems and using it in any other manner will damage the battery and the connected device/system and may cause a fire.

DO NOT OPEN OR MODIFY THE BATTERY IN ANY MANNER. The battery cells pose an electrical hazard and may contain chemicals that may pose a danger to humans.

Do not touch any leakage or internal components from damaged cells. Do not attempt to use a device with a visibly damaged battery pack.

This system possesses a high-current electrical system. Do not attempt to access or modify any electrical wiring. Doing so may cause a lethal discharge.

WARNING

ELECTRICAL

HAZARD

This system delivers high speed and high power. The operator must not be in an altered state or reduced capacity. Do not use when excessively tired, or under the influence of drugs or alcohol. Impaired judgment, reaction time, or balance will drastically increase the chance of operator injury.

Extended and continuous use of the APA-5 at heavy loads will lead to overheating

– this will cause the temperature sensor to temporarily shut down the system.

Once the system cools down and reaches a normal operating temperature, it will function normally again.

If operating with an unfixed line, DO NOT feed the free end “tail” of the rope through the device. Doing so can permanently jam the rope pulling mechanism.

NOTE: ALWAYS ENGAGE AND DISENGAGE THE ROPE AT A POINT AWAY FROM

THE ENDS. NEVER FEED EITHER END OF THE ROPE THROUGH THE MECHANISM.

FEEDING AN END THROUGH THE MECHANISM CAN JAM IT PERMANENTLY.

Caution: Even under normal use, components may become hot. Cease operation if any component becomes hot enough to pose a direct risk to the user. Cease operation if any component becomes hot enough to pose a risk to the integrity of the rope.

1. Pre-check

Before operating the device, it is necessary to perform a pre-check on the system. While not guaranteeing successful operation of the system, it will verify basic functionality and reduce the potential for errors. Begin with the device switched off.

Personal Safety Chain. The safety chain consists of the components linking the operator to the ascent and backup anchors. Ascent Line:

Verify that the harness, carabiner, ascender, ascent rope, and ascent anchors are secure, installed properly, and in good condition without visible signs of wear or damage. Safety Line: Verify that the harness, carabiner, lanyard carabiner, rope grab, safety rope, and anchors are secure, attached properly, and in good condition without visible signs of wear or damage

Condition of Rope. Rope wear is normal with the APA-5 and with normal climbing activities. Particular attention should be given to sections of the ascent rope that may rub against jagged rock surfaces.

Additionally, the “take-off” point of the ascender, i.e. section along the rope where the primary load acceleration takes place, will experience heavier wear. Using the Atlas ToughLine will significantly reduce the wear of the rope. After a number of uses, the rope must be replaced for continued safe use. Before using with the APA-5, verify that the rope is a kernmantle static rope in good condition. Although some fraying of the sheath is part of normal wear, excessive wear observed in the sheath should lead the user to replace the rope before operation. If heavy wear is observed in a particular section of rope due to repeated acceleration of the load through that section, reposition the rope to begin acceleration through a fresh section. In general, heavier loads will cause heaver rope wear. For reduced rope wear and increased controllability at heavy loads, use a 2:1 pulley system.

Routine Operation

1.

2.

NOTE: THE APA-5 CAN ASCEND DIFFERENT DIAMETERS OF ROPES.

SMALLER ROPE DIAMETERS HAVE LESS MATERIAL IN THE SHEATH,

AND WILL WEAR TO A RETIREMENT STATE FASTER THAN THICKER

DIAMETERS. USERS MUST MONITOR ROPE WEAR ON SMALL

ROPE DIAMETERS VERY CAREFULLY.

The Atlas APA-5 cannot climb over knots or other obstructions in the ascent rope. All knots and obstructions should be removed before climbing and NOT passed through the capstan device. Failure to remove such obstacles will result in permanent damage to the rope and/or APA-5 powered ascender.

Condition of Ascent Route. Verify that the route is free of objects that may dislodge on ascent. These could dislodge and hit the user, or the user may dislodge them and hit people below. Identify any locations that may require special technique, such as ledges, ridges, or holes.

Battery. Verify that the battery has sufficient energy to complete the ascent. A table of estimated ascent distances is provided for your convenience under “Specifications”. Verify that there is no damage to the battery or battery compartment. Cracks, dents, leakage, etc are all indications of possible damage and are not normal. A PHYSICALLY

DAMAGED BATTERY POSES A SERIOUS RISK AND SHOULD NEVER BE

USED OR CHARGED. A battery in normal physical condition should be charged at least once a month. To protect the battery and maintain a long service life, recharge the battery when the battery’s indicator reaches a single LED or single blinking LED.

Mechanical Damage. Verify the APA-5 is free from physical damage.

Normal use may cause minor scuffing and scratching. Major gashes, dents, cracks, holes, etc are NOT normal, and indicate damage that may be sufficient to prevent safe operation. These may additionally compromise any waterproof capability. Contact a subject matter expert or Atlas Devices if there is a concern regarding damage in order to ensure safe operations.

3.

4.

5.

Free Rotation. CONFIRM THE SYSTEM IS TURNED OFF AND DO NOT PLACE

YOUR FINGERS IN THE PRIMARY ROTATING SECTION OF THE MECHANISM.

Verify that the one-way guide pulley can freely rotate with incoming rope without difficulty. It should not rotate in the opposite direction. This test will ensure proper guiding of the rope through the device.

Energize and Test. Taking care to ensure that the rope mechanism is free of foreign objects, turn on the device and gently squeeze the ascent trigger in slow mode. Verify that the capstan spins normally and without obvious difficulty, interference, or grinding noise.

De-energize for rigging. Switch off the power to the motors to prevent accidental activation during rigging. The device is now ready to be attached to the ascent rope.

6.

7.

8.

2. Attaching the Device to the Rope

Slack in the line is require to make a minimum bight of 13 in (32 cm) to attach the APA-5 to a rope. 16 in (40 cm) or more is preferable. The APA-5 cannot attach to a taut line.

BEFORE BEGINNING TO ENGAGE THE ROPE, ENSURE THAT THE BATTERY IS

SWITCHED OFF. To begin the process of engaging the rope, it is easiest if done starting from the exiting portion of the rope interaction and proceed to the input. Loosely grip the rope with your hand, and start with the down rope, which is the end below your hand. Without releasing your grip on the rope (to ensure fingers do not enter mechanism), guide the down rope into the exit guide (step 2). Tightly wrap the rope counterclockwise into the capstan (step 3), and sliding your grip along the rope as you guide it, bring the rope around the end of the entry guide pulley. Then pull the rope forward, and back again until it is fully constrained by the entry guide (step 3). In order, close the pulley latch, close the lid over the entire rope engagement, and secure the quick-release pin so it cannot back out.

Check that the quick-release pin is properly engaged by pulling upward on the top cover.

NOTE: ALWAYS ENGAGE AND DISENGAGE THE APA-5 INTO A BIGHT IN THE

ROPE. NEVER FEED EITHER END OF THE ROPE THROUGH THE MECHANISM.

FEEDING AN END THROUGH THE MECHANISM CAN JAM IT PERMANENTLY.

STEP 1. ENSURE THE APA IS OFF. First: Remove the safety pin attached to the lanyard by depressing the blue button and pulling. Second: Open the main rope cover so the entire rope interaction can be accessed.

Figure 3: Loading the Rope

STEP 2. Loosely grip hanging rope with fist. Up-rope is the anchored end of the rope,down-rope is exiting free-end of the rope below. Insert down-rope into exit guide, and move hand along rope to wrap around the capstan advancing the up-rope towards the pulley.

UP ROPE

DOWN ROPE

STEP 3. Tightly wrap rope counter-clockwise into capstan, following around to the entry pulley on the left side of the mechanism. Wrap rope around pulley and bottom entry guide, pull it forward, and then back up into the top entry guide.

Rope should now extend from entry guide directly upward to fixture point in the up-rope direction. Pull tight.

UP ROPE

DOWN ROPE

UP ROPE

DOWN ROPE

Figure 3: Loading the Rope

STEP 4. First: Close cover over mechanism, and press down. Second: Engage lockpin. Keep rope taut to ensure that it does not interfere with top cover.

Ensure the pin is engaged and the top cover is secure. DANGER: NEVER USE

DEVICE WITHOUT TOP COVER CLOSED AND LOCKED. SLIPPAGE OR ROPE

DIS-ENGAGEMENT MAY OCCUR.

3. Ascent Rigging: Harnessed Configuration

When using the APA-5 in the harnessed configuration, the device will ascend along the fixed line towards the fixed end of the rope.

The device should be attached to the harness by a locking carabiner. The clip-in point is oriented for use with a standard climbing harness. Attach the carabiner through the belay loop and through the clip in point. Be sure to lock the carabiner to prevent accidental opening.

Alternatively, ergonomics may be enhanced by locking the carabiner through both of the main fixture loops on the harness, next to the belay loop. This will shift the device’s positioning by 90 degrees. Taking care to clip preferentially for either a left or right handed user, this 90 degree shift may be advantageous for more ergonomic use. Be sure to clip the carabiner through both of the main loops on the harness, identical to the belay loop.

DANGER: The device MUST be operated with the top cover secured and the quick-release pin engaged. Failure to operate the APA-5 without the top cover in place can result in rope slippage, rope damage, and rope disengagement.

Under no circumstances should the APA-5 be operated without the top cover fully on and the quick-release pin engaged.

DO NOT OPERATE WITHOUT

GUARDS IN PLACE

4. Ascent Rigging: Anchored Haul Configuration

The APA-5 can also be configured in an anchored haul mode to lift men, material, and other loads. The device effectively replaces a haul team of men and incorporates into accepted techniques, tactics, and procedures.

WHEN OPERATING THE APA-5 IN AN ANCHORED HAUL CONFIGURATION,

ALWAYS TIE OFF OR OTHERWISE ANCHOR THE END OF THE MAIN ASCENT/

DESCENT LINE TO PREVENT A LOAD BEING LOWERED THROUGH THE ENTIRE

SYSTEM.

The APA-5 is rated to lift no more than a 500 lb load. The effective load capabili-ty of the system can be increased using 2:1, 3:1, and other standard haul systems/ mechanical advantages.

WARNING: DO NOT BUILD OR USE A HAUL SYSTEM CAPABABLE OF PRODUCING

TENSIONS GREATER THAN THE WEAKEST LINK IN YOUR SAFETY CHAIN – LIKELY THE

ROPE’S SAFE WORKING LIMIT.

The mechanical advantage produced by the haul system will effectively increase the opposing force needed to reverse the system and lower the load. In these situations when rope needs to be “paid out” after the haul system is configured, the reverse mode on the ascender should be used. A 2:1 reduction system is recommended for any heavy load, even if it is less than 500lbs. Using a 2:1 will reduce rope wear, increase controllability (by cutting speed in half), and reduce overall strain on the ascender system.

The following diagrams outline potential configurations for haul systems. Prusiks, redundant anchors, and other safety measures should always be incorporated into the system. Speeds and loads are for illustration purposes only. Refer to battery-specific recommendations on load and speed combinations.

NOTE: The following illustrations focus only on the primary ascent/descent component of the haul system in order to familiarize the reader with the APA-5 system configuration options. The illustrations do not show redundant backup safety systems. HOWEVER, A REDUNDANT SAFETY SYSTEM SHOULD

ALWAYS BE USED WHEN OPERATING THE APA-5 ASCENDER.

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1:1 Haul, Ascender on anchor

LOAD =X lbs Load Speed = Y ft/s

Force = X lbs

Rope Speed = Y ft/s

Rope Tension (Ascender Load) = X lbs

Top Anchor 1 Force =X lbs

Load Speed = Y ft/s

Force = X lbs

Rope Speed = Y ft/s

Rope Tension (Ascender Load) = X lbs

X

Top Anchor 2 Force = lbsX

Top Anchor 1 Force = lbsX

LOAD =X lbs Load Speed = ft/s

Force = X lbs

Y

Rope Speed = 0 ft/s

Rope Tension = lbsX

Rope Speed = Y ft/s

Rope Tension on APA5 = lbs

*Minimize angle

2:1 Haul, Separate anchors, Ascender on anchor side

Top Anchor Force =X lbs

LOAD =X lbs

Rope Speed = Y ft/s

Rope Tension on APA5 = lbsX

Rope Speed = 0 ft/s

Rope Tension = lbsX

Load Speed = ft/s

Force = X lbs

Y

2:1 Haul, Single anchor, Ascender on anchor side

Top Anchor Force =X lbs

Rope Speed at APA-5= Y ft/s

Rope Tension at APA5 = lbsX

LOAD =X lbs

Rope Speed = 0 ft/s

Rope Tension = lbsX

Load Speed = ft/s

Force = X lbs

Y

Top Anchor Force =X lbs

Rope Speed = Y ft/s

Rope Tension on APA5 = lbs

2:1 Haul, Ascender on Load

YES

NO NO

Ensure that rope is not tangled.

Figure 4: Battery Release lever (a) closed, (b) open and ready to load battery

Next, insert the battery into the ascender by lining up the bosses on the battery with the slots in the ascender. Additional magnets will help to hold the battery in place on the ascender. DO NOT rely on these magnets to prevent the battery from falling out --always keep a hand on the battery. Once the bosses are inside the slots and the battery is flush with the ascender, slide the battery upwards (towards the rope interaction). This should disengage the magnet holding the battery lever. Now use the lever to slide the battery up and into the connector.

Secure the battery lever and ensure that the bottom of the ascender is flush for a proper connection.

5. Battery Loading and Power On Open the battery release lever first - a magnet will hold the lever open.

(a) (b)

Ensure that rope is not tangled.

Figure 5: Battery Loading. After opening the battery release lever,

(a) Align battery tabs.

(b) Insert battery into ascender, allowing magnets to catch the battery.

Ensure left and right sides are flush. Ensure metal pin on battery is engaged in curved slot on battery release lever.

(c) Press upwards on battery or use battery release lever to slide battery upward, engaging battery contacts. The battery should be flush and squarely mounted to the ascender.

The power switch for the APA-5 ascender is located on the bottom of the battery.

Depress the side that reads "ON". The system draws power while switched on.

THE OPERATOR SHOULD ALWAYS TURN THE SYSTEM OFF AFTER USE TO AVOID

DRAINING THE BATTERY.

If the device is left on for a long period of time without recharging, the battery voltage may drop below one LED on the indicator. If the battery is fully dead, or otherwise drops below the minimum threshold, the battery will not activate, and the device, including the battery indicator, will not function. Recharge the battery to restore functionality. See section “9. Battery Indicator” for more information.

In case of any unusual behavior while operating the APA-5, switch the battery to off for a soft reset or remove it from the device for a hard reset. To remove the battery, switch the battery off, then use the battery release lever to slide the battery away from the rope interaction. Once the lever is fully open, gently pull the battery away to overcome the battery retention magnets.

(a) (b) (c)

6. Control Interface

The control interface is designed to enable gloved or ungloved users complete control of all ascender functions with one single hand, from one hand position on the device. Furthermore, the control interface includes tactile features which inform the trained user of all control functions without visual inspection, enabling full device functionality even when visual engagement with the handle controls is impaired.

The APA-5 is equipped with two directional kill switches, AKA dead man’s switches.

The ascender has one switch for ascent and one switch for descent travel.

The ascender will only function when the kill switch is pressed. For the device to operate, the kill switch should be pressed 0.5 seconds before the trigger is squeezed and remain depressed during ascent. This order of operations ensures intentional movements by the operator.

Figure 6: Close-up of control interface, including Up and Down direction switches, Fast/Slow mode switch, main status indicator light, and trigger.

If the trigger is pressed before the kill switch is engaged and the device does not turn, reset your grip by releasing the controls before re-gripping the ascent controls. If the kill switch is released during operation, the motor will stop. To continue ascending, release all controls and then re-engage the kill switch and pull the tirgger to continue ascending

Speed Selector

Aux Switch

“Up” Direction Button

Status LED

“Down” Direction Button

Throttle Trigger

Do not press both up and down kill switches at the same time. The device will lock the user out and prevent travel in either direction.

The main indicator light provides status feedback on the device.

Table 1: Main Status LED Indicator Information

Device is OFF.

(Caution: remove battery before servicing)

Device is idle and ready to operate.

Device is ascending or descending normally

Battery voltage is too low to operatate - recharge battery.

Since battery voltage drops when climbing even a dead battery is likely to reach this threshold when idle.

Device has overheated or has encountered a power spike.

Please wait for the device to cool off or reset itself.

Indication that the device is approaching maximum speed for the given load. Device in protection mode from overloading the system. Reduce speed.

Device has encountered a fault. Please switch the battery ‘off’ and then ‘on’ again.

Off

Green

Blue

Yellow

Red

White / Blue Flash

Magenta

7. Ascending

The APA-5 is equipped with two speed options - "fast" and "slow". The speed setting can be selected using the switch on the top right of the control inteface. The “slow” mode has limited top end speed intended for rescues and load hauls. The “fast” mode has full speed capabilities and is intended for tactical maneuvers.

NOTE: The system achieves highest efficiency at higher speeds. Excessive heat may be generated when ascending with heavy loads in slow mode.

The ascent trigger located near the grip in proportionally controls the speed.

The trigger functions like a variable-speed power drill: the further the trigger is squeezed, the faster the ascent speed. The trigger should be slowly pulled and not feathered. "Feathering" the trigger will cause jerky and erratic behavior in the ascender. A slow and steady squeeze produces a controlled starting and stopping motion for precise position control.

In summary, the operator will begin an ascent by first releasing his grip from all controls. Next, turn the system on at the battery and select the speed setting on the control interface. The operator should then depress the kill switch with his thumb. The device is now armed and can be activated by pulling the ascent trigger.

8. Using the Descent control

The APA-5 ascender uses a powered descent mode to offer easier positioning and the possibility of recharging the battery through regenerative braking. To descend, depress the down kill switch and squeeze the trigger with a slow and steady motion. As with ascent mode, the fast and slow modes are available and the speed is then proportional to the amount of trigger squeeze.

DO NOT LOWER HEAVY LOADS AT A FAST RATE OF DESCENT. THE APA-5

IS A VERY POWERFUL SYSTEM AND CAN OFTEN IMPAIR THE OPERATOR'S

PERCEPTION OF THE WEIGHT BEING LIFTED/LOWERED. Large, heavy loads are difficult to guide and generate significant stress on the entire rope system.

Descending heavy loads at a fast rate and then coming to an abrupt stop creates dynamic load factors and hazardous stresses on the system. Always bring a load to a stop with a slow and gradual decrease in speed.

Descending while using a Petzl ASAP

If the Petzl ASAP is used as a fall arrest system, it may engage if the user descends too quickly with the APA-5 ascender. Descent rates should be kept below 6 ft/sec in order to avoid the ASAP engaging. If the ASAP does engage and arrests your fall, stop and perform a visual inspection of the system. If the ascender, rope, and other components of the rope system are in good condition, slowly ascend the rope to unload the fall arrest. Disengage the catch wheel by moving the ASAP upward along the safety rope. Re-commence descent at a speed lower than 6 ft/sec. Once in a secure and safe area, the operator should perform a full and detailed inspection of all equipment to ensure that the arrest to document the event and determine if any components should be removed from service.

Regenerative Braking

Regenerative braking is an energy recovery process that enables the APA-5 ascender to capture some of the energy from a descent and use it to re-charge the battery. The APA-5 ascender automatically uses regenerative braking upon descent to enhance overall system performance when possible.

DO NOT EXECUTE FAST, CONTINUOUS, OR PROLONGED DESCENTS WITH A

FULL BATTERY. Since the regenerative braking process charges the battery, a long and quick descent as the first maneuver could damage the battery by further charging and already charged battery. Such descent maneuvers should use a rappel rack or similar devices.

Emergency Descent Lever

EMERGENCY RELEASE MODE SHOULD NOT BE USED AS THE PRIMARY METHOD

TO DESCEND WITH THE APA-5.

The APA-5 is equipped with an auto-locking brake. This allows the user to stay in position on the rope by default when hands free or not using the ascent/ descent function. Since the brake is purely mechanical, the operator can always lower a load or himself under variable speed control even if the battery has no power. Of note, to lower the device or descend, a load or weight must always be on the system – roughly 35 lbs or more of down force is required to descend with the emergency descent lever.

Like the trigger, the emergency descent lever is proportional but does not require the kill switch for operation. The harder the operator squeezes the descent lever, the faster the descent. With an operator’s weight, the APA-5 allows descent at speeds comparable to rappelling. In order to descend with the emergency lever, the operator should slowly and steadily depress the red emergency descent lever. The brake will then be proportionally released by gradually pressing the descent lever on the device. Although the release only travels a short distance, it still offers comfortable and confident control of the descent.

Heavier loads will make the descent lever more sensitive to squeezing. Always squeeze the descent lever slowly when the system is heavily loaded to gauge the rate of descent.

The emergency descent mechanism is not designed for primary use. If used too much, the ability of the brake system to slow a load's descent rate in an actual emergency may be reduced. For this reason, use the “down” switch and powered descent function of the ascender unless absolutely required.

IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTE: CONTACT MANUFACTURER AFTER ACTUAL EMER-

GENCY DESCENT TO DETERMINE IF THE EMERGENCY DESCENT MECHANISM

REQUIRES RECERTIFICATION.

ADDITIONAL WARNING: DO NOT OPERATE THE TRIGGER WHILE DESCENDING

WITH THE EMERGENCY DESCENT LEVER.

9. Battery Indicator

The battery indicator is located on the side of the battery, and will display the level of battery charge by pushing the nearby black button. The indicator only functions when the system is powered on and the status is interrogated by the button. If the battery is completely dead, the system will not power on at all and the battery indicator will not light. Charge the battery to restore functionality.

See further information on charging the battery in the Routine Maintenance section.

There are four lights which indicate the relative level of charge - 4 lights represents completely full; 0 lights represents completely empty. The exact cutoffs vary between batteries depending on use history, age, etc. The safest method of determining remaining charge is to keep track of distance climbed and load lifted.

Table 2: Battery Indicator and Status

Battery is fully charged and ready to operate

Battery has been partially depleted. System will be able to lift to full speed and capacity

Battery has had significant use since last charge.

Device may begin to have difficulty with heaviest loads.

Battery is nearly empty. Device may not be able to lift with maximum speed, and may have difficulty at heavy loads. Recharge.

Battery is depleted. Recharge.

Battery voltage has dropped below minimum threshold and has locked out to protect the battery. Turn off the battery, remove it from service, and recharge.

Multiple lights blinking on the battery indicate that an un-recoverable error has occured. Remove the battery from the charger and service. Note the blinking pattern and contact Atlas Devices.

LED Indicator Battery Status

(Green Blinking)

(Other Blinking)

10. Rigging the Ascent Line

DANGER: FAILURE OF THE ASCENT ROPE MAY RESULT IN DEATH OR SERI-

OUS INJURY TO THE USER. THIS MANUAL DOES NOT REPLACE FORMAL

TRAINING AND QUALIFIED INSTRUCTION. The APA-5 MUST be used with a secondary safety line. It is not a life-support device, and requires the use of a safety belay line or a fall-arresting device on a redundant line to ensure safe operation.

The contents of this manual are superseded by all local, state, and federal rules, laws and guidelines. It is the responsibility of the user to identify and comply with all applicable safety practices.

The following description includes a brief discussion of anchoring and ropework. This is a reiteration of a few key points relevant to rope ascender operation that a rigging operator should already know. The full contents of the manual FM 3-97.61: Military Mountaineering (2002) can be considered a minimum set of required knowledge, along with appropriate training and experience, required for rigging and mountaineering.

WARNING: The ascent line should always be checked for knots or other obstacles in the line. The APA-5 ascender is not designed to pass knots and obstacles through the capstan mechanism. Such obstructions will permanently damage the rope and APA-5 ascender. When approaching the end of the anchored rope during an ascent, use EXTREME caution not to “climb” or “ascend” into the anchor point.

THE ASCENT LINE SHOULD ALWAYS BE CHECKED FOR EXCESSIVE WEAR.

During normal use, minor wear to the sheath of the rope is expected. Wear is accelerated at high loads. Smaller diameter ropes are particularly vulnerable to wear due to lesser sheath thickness, and worn ropes should be checked over thoroughly before use.

Basic Anchoring

When building an anchor system, it is helpful to use the SERENE acronym to evaluate a setup. This or a variant thereof is commonplace in professional climbing.

Secure - every component of the system should be strong, stable, and firmly set.

Easy - the system is easy and simple to rig, inspect, and operate. Overly complex or difficult anchors will increase the likelihood of errors.

Redundant - each portion of the system has at least two components. This allows the system to operate if any one piece fails.

Equalized - all components of the system are tensioned so that each carries an equal load. This reduces the likelihood of a single component failing.

No Extension - the system is rigged so that if any one part fails, the system transfers the load to another part without extending. This prevents shock loading on the anchors, climbing hardware, APA-5, and the user to ensure safety and integrity of the system.

Selecting the Best Route, Rope Lay, and Anchors

Several options will often present themselves for anchoring the ascent rope.

The best option will have good anchor points, a clean ascent route, and a safe dismount point.

Anchor Points

Table 3: Anchor Setups

Preferred

Good

Good

OK

OK

Not Preferred

Not Acceptable

Redundant, purpose-build permanent anchors in obvious good condition.

Main structural elements (I-beams, etc) in obvious good condition.

Multiple (2+) omni-directional natural anchors (sturdy trees, rock threads, etc) equalized/backed-up.

Multiple (3-5+) purpose designed rock anchors (nuts, pitons, cams, etc)

Multiple purpose-designed ice anchors (modern ice screws) appropriately set in good ice.

Any number of course media anchors (pickets, flukes, deadmen) for snow, sand, etc.

Any anchor which presents the possibility of shift, dislodge projectiles, or break under load.

Good - Anchors above and set back from a safe dismount ledge. This allows the operator to ascend past the edge, while swinging in to the safe dismount area.

Good - Anchors on ground, back from a gradually rolling edge. This allows the operator to walk easily over the edge and back to the safe dismount area.

Worse - Anchors on the ground or on the walls which cause the rope to make a sharp bend over an edge. This will make it difficult for the operator to pass this edge.

Worst- Anchors are below a sharp corner, where the final goal is above the corner.

This creates a dangerous situation where the operator must reach the safe dis-mount area without safety support from a rope above or assistance of the APA-5 rope ascender.

Figure 7: Good anchored setups for powered ascent

Figure 8: Poor anchored setups for powered ascent

NO

YES

A safe dismount area will allow the user to disconnect from the device and proceed without risking injury from a fall. (e.g. a balcony with a lip or rail, or very wide, flat ledge) If a slip in the dismount area could result in a fall, the operator should attach to an anchor or fall arrest system prior to detaching from the device or detaching the device from the rope. The ascent route should have as few obstacles as possible. Concave features such as inside corners and gullies will provide a more stable ascent, but also act as a funnel for debris and other objects that could be dislodged. Convex features such as outside corners and arêtes are less likely to have debris, but are more likely to cause the operator to swing away from the intended ascension path.

Backup Ropes and Devices

In order to ensure that the system is fully redundant, a backup system must be employed. A fall arresting rope clamp is recommended, such as the Petzl ASAP provided with the Specialized Equipment Kit (Atlas Devices Item No. ADRK2-SE).

This will automatically grab the redundant rope and catch the operator in the event of a catastrophic failure of the rope ascender or ascent line.

An auto-arrest device or rope-clamping device is required for safety when operating the APA-5 in a harnessed or load attached configuration. The harnessed or load attached configuration refers to a rigging scenario where the APA-5 moves with the load along the ascent line. The safety devices should operate on a redundant line with a short, energy-absorbing tether (ie. "screamer" or bungee-style lanyard). This will minimize the fall distance before engagement of the arresting device and also lower reduce shock loading the rope, operator, clamp, and other components of the rigging.

WARNING: Using an ascender-type device above the APA-5 on the main line is not recommended since any damage to the rope or anchor above the system will result in a fall if the primary ascent rope is severed.

A redundant safety line and system should also be used when operating the APA-5 as a portable winch in the anchored haul configuration. The anchored haul configuration refers to a rigging scenario where the APA-5 is anchored and the load is lifted/lowered (see Routine Operation, Section 4). The redundant safety line should use a Prusik knot or other arrest device in case of system failure, A-frame failure, rope failure, or other failure.

NOTE: When using a backup device, the operator should consult the manu-facturer's manual for proper use of the device. A backup-specific rope should be used in accordance with the conditions specified by the ascender-type clamp’s manufacturer along with any other operating requirements such as a small weight at the base of the backup rope.

For upwards and downwards travel in either a harnessed or winch configuration, a free moving fall arrest device should be used (such as the Petzl ASAP). These devices can move freely up and down along a rope, but engage and lock under the fast downward motion associated with a fall (> 6 ft/sec for the ASAP). Many of these devices dissipate energy by sliding along the rope up to 3.5 feet (OSHA

1910.66 App.C) along the rope. This should be kept in mind when considering the consequences of a fall. WARNING: Free moving self arrest devices should not be used above the device on the main ascent line, as the slip length may exceed the amount of intact rope available. This is in addition to the danger of rope or anchor failure. To overcome this difficulty, a separate backup-specific rope should be used, in accordance with the conditions specified by the fall-arrests manufacturer.

Petzl ASAP

The following images are taken from Petzl ASAP (Petzl P/N B71) technical notice document B71_APAP_B715000G which can be found on the Petzl website. This image is meant to serve as a reference only and not a substitute for the original document.

Read all documentation included with Petzl ASAP before use.

Figure 9: Petzl ASAP mobile fall arrester for rope

APA - 5 Manual 2014.3 - Atlas Devices Proprietary 47

Figure 10: Setup reference for Petzl ASAP, from Petzl doc. B71_ASAP_B715000G

11. Ascent Technique

Specific ascent technique will vary depending on terrain, conditions, load carried, and ascent purpose. In general, it is best to first load the device with the operator’s weight in the "L-position" or standard rappelling position before ascending the rope. The user should always start off the ground slow depression of the ascent trigger since the acceleration can be surprising and potentially pull the user into the face of the climbing wall and cause personal injury.

Pre-loading the system with your weight and ascending slowly to start allows the tension in the rope to gradually increase to body weight. A gradual increase in tension prevents sudden shock loading on the anchors, the device, and the operator. It will also give the operator time to adjust the harness as needed.

The APA-5 is equipped with an auto-locking brake. The operator may release the ascent trigger or kill switch at any point, and will stay in place hands-free on the rope.

Figure 11: Ascending against a wall

When ascending against a wall, it is necessary to use the feet to maintain balance and prevent the body from smashing into the wall. This position is often referred to as the “L-position”. Ascending the wall can be accomplished by walking or running up the wall, or by using a bounding motion. A walking motion is most convenient for slow ascent and minor position changes. A quick walking motion with larger steps makes for a smoother ascent at higher speeds. In both cases, the legs should be perpendicular to the wall, and the torso also at roughly 90° to vertical. Care should be taken to avoid kicking windows or other easily damaged structures.

Ascending against a wall

Ascending against a wall is common for many maintenance and access tasks.

Ascending a free hanging line

A free hanging line is common for access to bridges and large internal spaces (domes, stadiums) as well as buildings with davits or cranes.

Figure 12: Ascending a free-hanging line

Ascending a free-hanging line requires less balance and control of position, as there is nothing to hit when climbing. However, it is also more difficult to judge ascent speed without a close reference. It is necessary to reduce ascent speed near the top in order to prevent hitting the anchors. Use caution when ascending to avoid large swinging movements that could create an undesired collision with surrounding structures. When approaching structures after a free climb, be sure to take caution to avoid crashing the device or operator into structures.

A free-hanging ascent presents a significant operational challenge when trying to negotiate overhangs. In this scenario, the operator is unable to use a wall or object to position his body to negotiate an obstacle.

NO

SLOW ASCENT WHEN NEARING TOP

As a result, maneuvering around the overhang without colliding into the overhang with the APA-5. Advanced planning of the route and means to negotiate the obstacle are critical to successfully negotiate the overhand. Significant training at a low height should be completed by the operator to establish a calm and confident proficiency in the overhang transition technique.

Ascending in Confined Spaces

Confined spaces commonly take the form of wells, caves, and tunnels, as well as shafts and manholes. NOTE: The APA-5 is not rated for explosive environments.

Ascending in confined spaces presents a number of additional hazards.

Because of the risk of hitting objects or walls on all or most sides of the user, it is recommended that the operate use a much slower speed than for other locations. The legs are best used spread apart to hold the body away from any surfaces. In addition, keeping one hand backwards may help deflect from any structures or obstacles behind the user.

Additional training will likely be required if a tripod or davit is used as the primary anchor.

NOTE: It is recommended that operator use the APA-5 in “slow” mode while traversing confined spaces to increase controllability and avoid injury. See Routine Operations, Section 6: Control Interface.

Figure 13: Ascending in confined spaces

“Topping out” after Finishing the Ascent

Once the top of the rope or obstacle has been reached, it may become necessary to detach the device from the rope, and/or detach the operator from the device. Before disconnecting any part of the system, the operator should be standing well-balanced and completely inside a safe dismount area. If this is not possible, the operator should attach to an anchor with a secondary lifeline. This will allow the operator to use both hands to handle the device.

If the ascent path goes up and over a sharp edge, the operator should slow the device SIGNIFICANTLY when nearing the edge. Slowing the ascent allows the user to observe any potential obstacles, establish their balance, and evaluate a potential procedure for transitioning over the edge obstacle. Of note, when the rope is in contact with the lip, the lip provides a vertical support. Once above this lip, the rope will only provide horizontal support – directly to the anchors – and you may feel unstable. As a result, the operator must transfer body weight from the device to his feet, and climb over the ledge in a stair stepping type motion.

Figure 14: Edge Transition

NOTE: It is critical to slow the ascent before reaching the edge. In the case that the ascender hits the edge of the lip in such a way that it is jammed and cannot continue moving upward, the rope will be in tremendous tension and the device may damage the rope as it continues to pull between two now-stationary points. If a 90deg edge must be cleared as in Figure 15, the user must manually climb over once the device reaches the top in a stair step or other climbing method. Do not use the APA-5 to lift you over the edge with your feet as a stationary pivot. Your legs are likely to push against the ascender like a “leg press” and effectively double or triple the load on the system. Simply step up and over always trying to move your body into and over the building.

The operator will likely find it difficult to balance for this transition. However, it is very important that the operator maintains balance and does not slip. If the user slips, he will likely strike his knees/arms on the edge of the lip, or force the rope ascender into his abdomen causing personal injury. Additionally if the ascender spans the building’s corner and is then loaded in any way, damage to the housings and potentially the internal components may occur.

STATIONARY

NO

Optimally a second person is separately anchored on top and can provide aide during edge transition. Solo edge transitions are technically challenging and should only be attempted when no such help is available. A suggested technique to mitigate the challenge of an edge transition is to use an etrier or other similar device to help step over the edge.