A1._SPECIAL_PROJECT_SPECS.pdf

SEIAD STORMPROOFING, PHASE 3

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Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Preface

101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

101.01 Meaning of Terms

101.3 Abbreviations

101.4 Definitions

102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

103 - Scope of Work

Deletions

104 - Control of Work

Deletions

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

105 - Control of Material

105.02 Material Sources

105.02(a) Government-provided sources

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.07 Delete

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

107.5 Responsibility for Damage Claims

107.6 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work

107.9 Legal Relationship of the Parties

107.10 Environmental Protection

107.2 Protection and Restoration of Property and Landscape

108 - Prosecution and Progress

108 Delete

109 - Measurement and Payment

109 Deletions

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109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions

151 - Mobilization

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

155 Delete

156 - Public Traffic

156.08 Traffic and Safety Supervisor

157 - Soil Erosion Control

157.03 General

201 - Clearing and Grubbing

201.01 Description

201.04 Clearing. (c)

203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

203.01 Description

203.05 Disposing of Material

204 - Excavation and Embankment

204.11 Compaction

204.13 Sloping, Shaping, and Finishing

Table 204-2 Construction tolerances

204.14 Disposal of Unsuitable or Excess Material

251 - Riprap

251.03 General

301 - Untreated Aggregate Courses

301 Title Change

301.01 Work

301.3 General

301.4 Mixing and Spreading

301.5 Compacting

301.09 Measurement

602 - Culverts and Drains

602.03 General

625 - Turf Establishment

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625.3 General

625.4 Preparing Seedbed

625.5 Watering

625.6 Fertilizing

625.7 Seeding

625.8 Mulching

625.9 Protecting and Caring for Seeded Areas

625.11 Measurement

703 - Aggregate

703.05 Subbase, Base, Surface Course, and Screened Aggregate

713 - Roadside Improvement Material

718 - Traffic Signing and Marking Material

718.05 Aluminum Panels

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Preface

Delete all but the first paragraph and add the following:

Preface_wo_03_15_2004_m

The Forest Service, US Department of Agriculture has adopted FP-03 for construction of

National Forest System Roads.

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101 - Terms, Format, and Definitions

101.00_nat_us_07_25_2005

101.01_nat_us_01_22_2009

101.01 Meaning of Terms

Delete all references to the TAR (Transportation Acquisition Regulations) in the specifications.

101.03_nat_us_06_16_2006

101.3 Abbreviations.

Add the following to (a) Acronyms:

AFPA

MSHA

NIST

NESC

WCLIB

American Forest and Paper Association

Mine Safety and Health Administration

National Institute of Standards and Technology

National Electrical Safety Code

West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau

Add the following to (b) SI symbols:

mp

Milepost ppm

Part Per Million

101.04_nat_us_03_29_2007

101.4 Definitions.

Delete the following definitions and substitute the following:

Bid Schedule--The Schedule of Items.

Bridge--No definition.

Contractor--The individual or legal entity contracting with the Government for performance of prescribed work. In a timber sale contract, the contractor is the “purchaser”.

Culvert--No definition.

http://www.nist.gov/

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Right-of-Way--A general term denoting (1) the privilege to pass over land in some particular line (including easement, lease, permit, or license to occupy, use, or traverse public or private lands), or (2) Real property necessary for the project, including roadway, buffer areas, access, and drainage areas.

Add the following:

Adjustment in Contract Price--“Equitable adjustment,” as used in the Federal Acquisition

Regulations, or “construction cost adjustment,” as used in the Timber Sale Contract, as applicable.

Change--“Change” means “change order” as used in the Federal Acquisition Regulations, or

“design change” as used in the Timber Sale Contract.

Design Quantity--“Design quantity” is a Forest Service method of measurement from the FS-96

Forest Service Specifications for the Construction of Roads and Bridges. Under these FP specifications this term is replaced by the term “Contract Quantities”.

Forest Service--The United States of America, acting through the Forest Service, U.S.

Department of Agriculture.

Neat Line--A line defining the proposed or specified limits of an excavation or structure.

Pioneer Road--Temporary construction access built along the route of the project.

Purchaser--The individual, partnership, joint venture, or corporation contracting with the

Government under the terms of a Timber Sale Contract and acting independently or through agents, employees, or subcontractors.

Protected Streamcourse--A drainage shown on the plans or timber sale area map that requires designated mitigation measures.

Road Order--An order affecting and controlling traffic on roads under Forest Service jurisdiction. Road Orders are issued by a designated Forest Officer under the authorities of 36

CFR, part 260.

Schedule of Items--A schedule in the contract that contains a listing and description of construction items, quantities, units of measure, unit price, and amount.

Utilization Standards--The minimum size and percent soundness of trees described in the specifications to determine merchantable timber.

Add Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms:

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Figure 101-1—Illustration of road structure terms.

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102 - Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

102.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

102 Bid, Award, and Execution of Contract

Delete Section 102 in its entirety.

103 - Scope of Work

103.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

Deletions

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Delete all but subsection 103.01 Intent of Contract.

104 - Control of Work

104.00_nat_us_06_16_2006

Deletions

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Delete Sections 104.01, 104.02, and 104.04.

104.06_nat_us_02_17_2005

Add the following subsection:

104.06 Use of Roads by Contractor

The Contractor is authorized to use roads under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service for all activities necessary to complete this contract, subject to the limitations and authorizations designated in the Road Order(s) or described in the contract, when such use will not damage the roads or national forest resources, and when traffic can be accommodated safely.

105 - Control of Material

105.02_nat_us_01_18_2007

105.02 Material Sources.

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105.02(a) Government-provided sources.

Comply with the requirements of 30 CFR 56, subparts B and H. Use all suitable material for aggregate regardless of size unless otherwise designated. When required, re-establish vegetation in disturbed areas according to section 625.

105.05_nat_us_05_12_2004

105.05 Use of Material Found in the Work.

Delete 105.05 (a) and (b) and the last sentence of the second paragraph and substitute the following:

Materials produced or processed from Government lands in excess of the quantities required for performance of this contract are the property of the Government. The Government is not obligated to make reimbursement for the cost of producing these materials.

106 - Acceptance of Work

106.07_nat_us_05_11_2004

106.07 Delete

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Delete subsection 106.07.

107 - Legal Relations and Responsibility to the Public

107.05_nat_us_05_11_2004

107.05 Responsibility for Damage Claims.

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Delete the entire subsection.

107.06_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.06 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work.

Delete the following from the first paragraph.

“except as provided in Subsection 106.07”.

107.09_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.9 Legal Relationship of the Parties.

Delete the entire subsection.

107.10_nat_us_06_16_2006

107.10 Environmental Protection.

Design and locate equipment repair shops, stationary refueling sites, or other facilities to minimize the potential and impacts of hazardous material spills on Government land. Refueling, servicing and fuel containment storage areas shall be at least 100 ft. from watercourses with a low risk of discharge.

Before beginning any work, submit a Hazardous Spill Plan. List actions to be taken in the event of a spill. Incorporate preventive measures to be taken, such as the location of mobile refueling facilities, storage and handling of hazardous materials, and similar information. Immediately notify the CO of all hazardous material spills. Provide a written narrative report form no later than 24 hours after the initial report and include the following:

• Description of the item spilled (including identity, quantity, manifest number, and other identifying information).

• Whether amount spilled is EPA or state reportable, and if so whether it was reported, and to whom.

• Exact time and location of spill including a description of the area involved.

• Containment procedures.

• Summary of any communications the Contractor had with news media, Federal, state and local regulatory agencies and officials, or Forest Service officials.

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• Description of clean-up procedures employed or to be employed at the site including final disposition and disposal location of spill residue.

When available provide copies of all spill related clean up and closure documentation and correspondence from regulatory agencies.

The Contractor is solely responsible for all spills or leaks that occur during the performance of this contract. Clean up spills or leaks to the satisfaction of the Forest Service and in a manner that complies with Federal, state, and local laws and regulations.

107.10_05_us_05_04_2007

107.2 Protection and Restoration of Property and Landscape

Meet the requirements of sections 10, 11, and 12.2 in their entirety of “R5 FSH 2509.22 - SOIL

AND WATER CONSERVATION HANDBOOK CHAPTER 10 - WATER QUALITY

MANAGEMENT HANDBOOK “ dated December 5, 2011.

The applicable sections of the Klamath National Forest Wet Weather Operations Package shall be followed (see attached copy).

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WET WEATHER OPERATIONS PACKAGE

Klamath National Forest

September 14, 1998

April, 1999

Includes:

[1] Wet Weather Operation Standards [09-14-98]

[2] Field Guide – for use with Wet Weather Operation Standards

[3] BMP “Yardsticks” and Checklist - for use with Wet Weather Operation

Standards

[4] Nature & Scope of Reporting Needs

[5] BMP-WWO Reporting Form

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TIMBER SALE

Contract Number 05-

WET WEATHER OPERATION STANDARDS

(09/14/98)

Timber Sale Contract (TSC) Provision B5.12 - Use of Roads by Purchaser, states in part

"...Purchaser is authorized to use existing National Forest roads...when such use will not cause damage to the roads or National Forest resources and when hauling can be done safely."

Provision B6.31 - Operating Schedule states in part "Subject to B6.6 and when the requirements of B6.65 are met, Purchaser's operations may be conducted outside Normal Operating Season."

Logging operations may be conducted outside the Normal Operating Season (NOS), however, certain requirements must be met in order to have operations proceed during this period.

Compliance with pertinent Best Management Practices (BMPs) by the Purchaser is necessary to meet water quality requirements as agreed to between the State of California and the US Forest

Service. The following standards are intended to further clarify Timber Sale Contract requirements by providing specific criteria for conducting sale operations during wet weather conditions and to facilitate consistent implementation across the Klamath National Forest.

The following guidelines are to be used to determine if conditions are favorable for wet weather/winter operations and to provide guidance as to when conditions warrant suspension of operations, when operations may begin or resume, or when and what remedies may be appropriate. These guidelines also apply within the Normal Operating Season (NOS) when prolonged periods of wet weather are encountered. These standards provide for additional measures that are needed to protect the transportation system, maintain water quality, and preserve the soil resource.

A. General Guidelines:

* Operations will be continually monitored by the Purchaser and the Forest Service, including: sale administration personnel, purchaser representatives, and resource specialists. Conditions may change as operations progress during the wet season. If detrimental effects to the transportation system, water quality, or soil resources are encountered by either party, immediate notification of designated sale administrative personnel by either the Purchaser or Forest Service shall occur. The Purchaser and Forest

Service will work together to develop actions necessary to alleviate these effects.

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* BMP guidelines dictate that no sediment/contaminant flow into stream courses from any facility used by the Purchaser, including B. Roads, C. Skid Trails, Cableways, or Harvest

Areas, D. Landings, and E. Fueling Locations, will be permitted at any time.

B. Roads:

General - Hauling/Access Use:

* Required road work for prehaul must be accomplished prior to the wet season or periods of precipitation. Saturated road surfaces should not be graded. At least 2" of snow should remain on the road surface after snow plowing. Road surfaces must be at a standard and maintenance level that will support the impacts of wet weather operations. This includes the following:

1) Actions that augment BMP compliance:

Wet Conditions

* Drainage structures and erosion/sediment prevention actions will be in place and functioning prior to expected precipitation events.

* Roads will be properly graded and ditched or outsloped.

* Portions of roads that lie within Streamside Management Zones (SMZs) and road locations where eroded material is likely to enter channels will be rocked to Forest Service specifications and geotextile fabric used when appropriate, unless otherwise agreed, with input from a resource specialist and an engineer.

* Operations will be scheduled to use roads in order to avoid the risk of rutting during

"precipitation events."

* By agreement, use of the variable tire pressure option can be used to reduce surface replacement and will reduce purchaser road maintenance costs.

Snow Conditions

* Snow will be removed without disturbing the road surface, cut bank, fill slope, or drainage structures. No soil or aggregate should be intermixed with the sidecast snow during plowing or grading. At least 2" of snow should remain on the road surface after snow plowing.

* Snow berms must be breached, except in sensitive areas, to allow proper road drainage.

These outlets must be spaced so as not to concentrate road surface flows (usually spaced no more than 200 feet apart). Erosion control structures (straw bales or filter fence) may be required at the outlets to collect road generated sediment.

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Frozen Conditions

* If the road surface freezes, the road surface segments must remain completely frozen and must be able to support the weight of any vehicle that will be driven on it. If the road thaws, see below...

* When any part of the active road length thaws and mitigations, such as rocking, cannot be implemented to ensure water quality protection, the road will not be used. This will preclude the use of the road by all vehicles (including administrative) unless the activity can be restricted to that portion of the road that remains frozen.

2) BMP indicators that operations should be curtailed and/or corrective action implemented:

CULVERTS:

[1] Sediment and/or debris is blocking 30% of inlet or outlet.

[2] More than 10% of the flow passes beneath or around culvert, or noticeable piping erosion evident.

EROSION:

[3] Scour and/or sediment deposition evident, and extending more than 20 feet below outlet of cross drain (e.g., culvert, dip, waterbar).

[4] Scour &/or sediment movement into SMZ or drainageway from road surface, cut slope, or fill slope.

[5] Material sidecast within 25 feet of a channel, ditch or drainageway, or onto slopes vegetated for erosion control.

PONDING:

[6] Ponding present on road surface that is causing fill subsidence or otherwise threatening integrity of fill.

RUTS/RILLS:

[7] More than 10% of road segment length has rills or ruts more than 2 inches deep and 20 feet in length which continue off road surface.

[8] Ruts formed that can channel water past erosion control structures.

[9] Numerous rills present at stream crossing (>1 rill per lineal 5 ft), apparently active or enlarging, evidence of some sediment delivery to stream.

3) Operating Requirements & Remedies:

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* If more than 10 percent of the road segment length is rutted 2 inches in depth or greater, purchasers use of the road will be suspended. (Percentage will be determined in one mile increments if road is longer than one mile). If the road is to remain closed, it must have a barrier of some type installed to keep out all vehicular traffic and signed to keep traffic off road surface.

* If the roadway dries and can support vehicles without causing rutting, soil displacement, damage to drainage structures, and with no off-site sediment movement, it can be used. If not, it should remain unused.

* Roads damaged by Purchaser's Operations and associated damage will be repaired at the

Purchaser's expense. A remedy plan will be prepared and implemented. Repair work shall be accomplished immediately when conditions are such that additional damage to the resources will not occur or when designated by the Forest Service.

Native Surfaced Roads and Other Roads Identified for Special Hauling Requirements

* The native surfaced roads and other roads listed below are located in sensitive soils that are prone to road surface damage during wet weather use. There shall be no log hauling on these roads during precipitation events. The timber sale operator shall allow an adequate drying period after a rain occurrence prior to resumption of hauling (normally 1 day depending on soil type and/or as determined by Purchaser and Forest Service Rep.).

Road Number Length (miles) Termini - Termini

Rocking Roads

* Locations where road rocking is required to harden the road surface for wet weather haul will be designated in writing and flagged on-the-ground by the Engineering Rep. or Sale

Administrator. Minimum depth of rock that meets engineering specifications will be established in writing and inspected by the Forest Service prior to use of the road for hauling outside the NOS.

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C. Skid Trails/Cableways/Harvest Areas:

Skid trails will be flagged by the Purchaser and approved by the Forest Service in advance of falling.

General

* No more than 15% of the activity area (includes temporary roads, landings, skid trails, and cableways [cable corridors]) should be subjected to detrimental ground-disturbing activities. Ground-disturbing activities produce adverse changes in soil porosity

(compaction), soil cover, and soil organic matter.

Snow/Frozen Conditions

* Snow can act as a cushion to to protect wet soils. Unless otherwise agreed, within the operating area, a minimum of 6 inches of machine compacted snow with a minimum water content of 2 inches is required for over-the-snow logging or the soil should be frozen to a depth of 6 inches for logging operations to occur (frozen soil occurs primarily on the

Goosenest District). When the snow depth approaches this minimum, snow conditions must be monitored on a daily basis to verify snow depth is sufficient to start or continue operations. Approval to operate on snow less than indicated above must include an evaluation by a soil scientist or hydrologist. At least 90% of the skidding surfaces must meet the above snow cover standard at all times. If snow cover falls below 90%, see section 2) below for "bare ground" standards.

Wet Conditions

Skyline - No Specified pre-conditions.

Cut-to-Length System - Processing of material on the designated skid trails by a harvester may occur when soils are dry to a depth of 4 inches. Limit harvester to 1 or 2 passes over the same piece of ground. The forwarder will stay on designated skid trails covered with a minimum of 6 inches of slash.

Feller/Buncher System - Movement of material to the designated skid trails by a track laying feller/buncher may occur when soils are dry to a depth 4 inches.

Feller/buncher will be limited to 1 or 2 passes over the same piece of ground.

Skidding equipment will stay on designated skid trails until soils are dry to a depth of 10 inches.

Traditional Tractor Logging - Skidding may occur by conventional high-ground-pressure equipment when soils are dry to a depth of 4 inches. Equipment is restricted to the designated skid trails. Endlining will be used to move material to the designated skid trails until soils are dry to a depth of 10 inches. Equipment

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2) BMP indicators that operations should be curtailed and/or corrective actions

[10] More than 20% of skid trail or cableway surface lengths have rills present that are over 2 inches deep and more than 10 feet in length.

[11] More than 10% of skid trail surface length has ruts greater than 2 inches deep.

[12] Rills and/or sediment deposition extends more than 20 feet below waterbar outlet.

[13] More than 10% of waterbars fail to divert flow off skid trails or cableways.

[14] Erosion within or sediment movement into SMZ.

[15] Presence of gullies (erosional features greater than 4" deep and 6" wide).

* Skid trails, cableways and harvest areas damaged by Purchaser's Operations and associated damage will be repaired at the Purchaser's expense. A remedy plan will be prepared and implemented. Repair work shall be accomplished immediately when conditions are such that additional damage to the resources will not occur or when designated by the Forest Service. See the Wet Weather Operation Field Guide for a list of potential remedies.

D. Landings:

Landings will be agreed to by Purchaser and designated sale administrative personnel prior to their construction and/or use. Landings will not be located within SMZs or Riparian

Reserves unless a resource specialist (hydrologist, geologist, fisheries biologist) is consulted.

* Landings will be constructed to ensure proper drainage, compaction and stability.

Landings will be monitored to ensure that drainage is effective. For example, landings will not create a depression which cannot be properly drained; upslope runoff will be diverted, to an appropriate location, around the activity.

* If rocking is required for wet weather operations, landings should be rocked before the surface becomes saturated.

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* Landings should be identified well in advance of logging activities. This would allow construction be complete within the NOS. But if unavoidable and as a preventative measure, all landing fill slopes constructed outside of the Normal Operating Period should be mulched. Mulch material can consist of wood chips, certified weed-free straw, or any other Forest Service approved material which will provide slope protection against erosion and rilling. In addition, downslope perimeter erosion control will be required if a potential threat to water quality exists as determined by an earth scientist.

* The use of a heel boom loader may be required to minimize landing size and reduce excavation of the site.

2) BMP indicators that operations should be curtailed and/or corrective actions

[16] Rills (greater than 1/2" deep and 10' in length) and/or sediment deposition has extended more than 20 feet below the toe of the landing fill slope.

[17] More than 1 cubic yard of material (from erosion or slope failure) has moved into

SMZ.

* Landings damaged by Purchaser's Operations and associated damage will be repaired at the Purchaser's expense. Repair work shall be accomplished immediately when conditions are such that additional damage to the resources will not occur or when designated by the

Forest Service.

E. Fueling Sites:

1) Action that augment BMP compliance:

* Purchaser shall take additional appropriate measures documented in a wet weather fuel storage plan to prevent any oil or oil product spill from entering any stream or drainageway.

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2) BMP indicators that operations should be curtailed and/or corrective measures

[18] Evidence of more than 10 gallons of fuel or oil products outside bermed containment area.

* Fueling sites damaged by Purchaser's Operations and associated damage will be repaired at the Purchaser's expense. Repair work shall be accomplished immediately when conditions are such that additional damage to the resources will not occur or when designated by the Forest Service.

Forest Service retains the authority to suspend any or all of Purchaser's operations as needed to protect resources.

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FIELD GUIDE

For Use with

WET WEATHER OPERATION STANDARDS

The following guide was written to supplement the Klamath National Forest's "Wet Weather

Operation Standards" (WWOS). It was designed to provide specific working definitions, practical explanations, and discussions of terms and concepts appearing in WWOS. This guide uses definitions from many sources, but draws primarily from Forest Service Region 5 Best

Management Practices (BMP), BMP Evaluation Program handbook, Timber Sale Contract

(TSC) language (B & C Provisions), and the Klamath National Forest's Land and Resource

Management Plan (LRMP).

WET WEATHER

Various phrases such as "wet season", "periods of precipitation", "prior to expected precipitation events", "during precipitation events", "preceding expected seasonal periods of precipitation or runoff", "soil or surface saturation" , and "Normal Operating Season" (NOS) are used in the

WWOS and standard TSCs. These phrases refer to two distinct types of activities: (1) erosion control, including prehaul road/landing work (typically grading, drainage maintenance or installation, or rock surfacing) and installation of non-road erosion control measures (such as drainage structures, mulching, etc.), and (2) logging activities, including skidding (&/or yarding) and hauling.

NOS beginning and ending dates for each timber sale are specified in the TSC . "Wet season" and "seasonal periods of precipitation or runoff" therefore refer to that period of the year outside the NOS.

"Periods of precipitation" and "..precipitation events" can occur at any time of the year and are defined as follows: precipitation amounts in intensity and/or duration that cause runoff. In other words, precipitation amounts that exceed the moisture-bearing capacity of the soil or conditions of over-saturation producing runoff of excess moisture. This definition assumes antecedent saturation conditions, either from previous "events" or the early parts of the current

"event."

"Prior to expected..." or "preceding expected..." can not be clearly defined. For this initial field guide version, it is when the National Weather Service (or other accepted source) predicts a 50% or higher chance of measurable precipitation for the local area. Discretion should be exercised by the Purchaser &/or Sale Administrator in order to keep this provision reasonable. For example, the weather report should predict more than one day of unsettled weather (summer thunderstorms) and erosion control measures should be prioritized so that key structures are constructed/installed first.

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Erosion control work should be current "prior to" or "preceding" an expected precipitation event. All erosion control work shall be current by September 15. After September 15th, erosion control work should be done as promptly as practical. Drainage structures are difficult to construct when landings, temporary roads, skid trails, cable corridors, etc. are wet or have snow on them. If placement of a rock surface is required for wet weather hauling, it must be done before the surface becomes saturated. Within the NOS, key erosion control work should be done if significant wet weather is anticipated (see paragraph above).

Logging activities can occur outside of the NOS if: (1) conditions are favorable, and (2) erosion control work is current. These conditions (with restrictions and requirements) are delineated in various paragraphs and sections of the WWOS.

DRY SOIL - DRY ROAD

After a "precipitation event" or at the beginning of the season (NOS), it is necessary to determine when conditions are dry enough for logging activities to resume or commence. Local variations in a number of parameters, including soil type, hydro-geomorphology, and road composition, dictate that certain areas or road segments may dry out sooner than others. Therefore, discretion is required and blanket determinations can rarely be made. The term "soil" is used sensu lato and includes any surface material.

Dry Soils: Skidding during very wet soil conditions will cause rutting; under moderately wet condition, soil compaction will result. Puddling in ruts indicates that soil compaction and damage has probably already occurred.

To determine dry soil, a field soil moisture test will be conducted as follows:

(1) On skid trails, at a depth of 4", take 2 or 3 samples along the length of each skid trail to be used. Sample points should be chosen to represent typical moisture conditions for each skid trail. Off skid trails, at a depth of 10", take 2 or 3 samples representative of moisture conditions within the unit.

(2) Form a ball by squeezing the soil sample firmly in the hand. The soil is considered dry enough to begin skidding operations if the sample cannot be molded into a ball or falls apart when rolled in the palm of the hand. If the ball holds it's shape while rolled, the soil is too wet for skidding activities.

Dry Roads: Roads must be determined to be suited for wet weather hauling and general use after "precipitation events" and at the beginning of the NOS. Factors to consider include :

surface & sub-surface material, soil type (native-surfaced), drainage condition, maintenance condition, stream crossings (& sensitivity thereof), and volume to be hauled. Subjective judgment must be used and applied to local road segments. Possible remedies to specific problems are shown in Table 1, below.

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In general, if the roadway dries and can support vehicles without causing rutting, soil displacement, damage to drainage structures, and with no off-site sediment movement, it can be used. If not, it should remain unused.

ROADS

Three terms are used to describe road degradation: 'ruts', 'rills', and 'gullies'. They are defined as follows:

ruts - sunken tracks or grooves left by the passage of vehicles and expressed as vertically and/or laterally displaced road material, rills - depressions in the surface caused by the washing away of material by running water, gullies - large rills, larger than 6" wide and 4" deep.

Road degradation is a function of many factors. Dominant factors are:

[1] Traffic - both excess weight &/or high frequency (high use)

[2] Road composition & maintenance - weak sub-base, base, or surface, &/or poor drainage

[3] Moisture - antecedent (saturation) & event (significant precipitation)

Most rutting is a natural occurrence, the result of normal road use. "Wear grooves" develop in all roads, regardless of usage or moisture conditions. The factors listed above influence the speed and degree of development. However, some rutting can be viewed as a structural failure of the road surface. In other words, load of individual vehicles (e.g. logging trucks) or cumulative loads of many vehicles (heavy traffic) may exceed mechanical strength of road materials, usually when weakened by excess moisture. This type of rutting commonly occurs with native-surfaced roads or at "problem" spots along rock-surfaced roads. `Rutting' should

NOT be confused with `rilling' or `gullying', which are erosional processes.

Road surface rutting raises a "yellow flag" warning. The road surface has degraded, but by definition, impacts to water quality have NOT yet occurred. Rutting indicates that the road is in need of maintenance and/or repair. "Wear grooves" suggest routine maintenance, such as grading, is required. "Structural failure" ruts indicate repairs and/or reconstruction is needed to road surface (e.g., rocking) or drainage system (e.g., culvert installation at wet spot). If ruts are not fixed, then future rilling is likely. Rutting calls for immediate mitigation, road closure is but one option (Table 1, below). For example, ruts could be fixed by grading and/or rocking so that they do not channelize water, which leads to erosion (rilling & gullying).

Rills and gullies are defined as the removal of road material by erosional processes. Rills and gullies are "red flags", suggesting adverse impacts to water quality are likely to occur.

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The follow table indicates possible remedies to specific problems:

Table 1. `Rutting' means:

Factor: Loads too heavy, too frequent &/or

Road too weak &/or

Too wet

Solutions: Reduce loads/freq. by: Strengthen (fix) road by: Water proof by:

reducing # of daily loads if drying trend, grade if drying trend, grade no logging trucks, light vehicles only rock, fix drainage, or other "fix-it" measures surface &/or drainage fix reduce tire pressures road closure road freezes road freezes

STREAMSIDE MANAGEMENT ZONES (SMZ)

BMP documents, TSCs, and the Klamath LRMP use different terms for essentially the same concept: That is, the designation and protection of streams and their buffer zones. BMPs and the

BMP Evaluation Program use the term "Streamside Management Zones." TSCs use

"Streamcourse Protection" (e.g., B6.5). The Klamath LRMP (& the Northwest Forest Plan

ROD) use the term "Riparian Reserves." "SMZ" is used in the WWOS since the WWOS are based primarily on BMPs, implemented in order to protect water quality. On the Klamath

National Forest, SMZs are approximately equivalent to hydrologically-defined Riparian

Reserves.

"Streamcourses", designated for special protection under B6.5 (&C6.5), are shown as line features on the Sale Area Maps for individual timber sales. Each of the three sources above use different buffer widths for protection zones. Timber sales offered after signing of the Klamath

LRMP & the Northwest Forest Plan ROD (1994) defer to Riparian Reserve "interim ROD buffer widths", unless these widths have been modified by a subsequent Watershed Analysis and NEPA process.

Page | 28

BMP "YARDSTICKS" and CHECKLIST

For Use with

WET WEATHER OPERATIONS STANDARDS

The following BMP (Best Management Practices) quantitative guidelines are excerpted from the

WWOS (Wet Weather Operations Standards). They provide measurable "yardsticks" to assess whether (or not) sites meet BMPs. This document was designed to provide Sale Administrators and Resource people with an easy to use checklist to utilize in the field.

In general, we are looking for evidence of erosion, or indications that erosion MIGHT take place.

We should be "proactive" in this regard and NOT wait until the standards listed below are exceeded, but try to anticipate problems or conditions that could lead to erosion.

Numbers in square brackets ( [1] ) refer to lines in the WWOS document. Alpha-numeric codes in parentheses [ (E09) ] refer to BMP Evaluation Program forms.

BMP indicators that operations should be curtailed and/or corrective action implemented:

ROADS

Culverts (or cross drains):

[1] Sediment and/or debris is blocking 30% of inlet or outlet. (E09)

[2] More than 10% of the flow to pass beneath or around culvert, or noticeable piping erosion evident.

(E09)

[3] Scour and/or sediment deposition evident, and extending more than 20 feet below outlet of cross drain (e.g., culvert, dip, waterbar). (E08)

Erosion of road material:

[4] Scour &/or sediment movement into SMZ or drainageway from road surface, cut slope, or fill slope. (E08, E20)

[5] Material sidecast within 25 feet of a channel, ditch or drainageway, or onto slopes vegetated for erosion control. (E11)

Ponding:

Page | 29

[6] Ponding present on road surface that is causing fill subsidence or otherwise threatening integrity of fill. (E09)

Ruts/rills:

[7] More than 10% of road segment length has rills or ruts more than 2 inches deep and 20 feet in length which continue off road surface. (E08,E20)

[8] Ruts formed that can channel water past erosion control structures.

[9] Numerous rills present at stream crossing (>1 rill per lineal 5 ft), apparently active or enlarging, evidence of some sediment delivery to stream. (E09)

SKID TRAILS, CABLEWAYS, & HARVEST AREAS

[10] More than 20% of skid trail or cableway surface lengths have rills present that are over 2 inches deep and more than 10 feet in length. (T02)

[11] More than 10% of skid trail surface length has ruts greater than 2 inches deep. (T02)

[12] Rills and/or sediment deposition extends more than 20 feet below waterbar outlet. (T02)

[13] More than 10% of waterbars fail to divert flow off skid trails or cableways. (T02)

[14] Erosion within or sediment movement into SMZ. (T02, T05)

[15] Presence of gullies (erosional features greater than 4" deep and 6" wide).

LANDINGS

[16] Rills (greater than 1/2" deep and 10' in length) and/or sediment deposition has extended more than

20 feet below the toe of the landing fill (fromT04).

[17] More than 1 cubic yard of material (from erosion or slope failure) has moved into SMZ.

(T04)

Page | 30

FUELING SITES

[18] Evidence of more than 10 gallons of fuel or oil products outside bermed containment area.

(E12)

Page | 31

BMP-WWO Monitoring and Evaluation

Guidelines for Timber Administration Personnel

NATURE & SCOPE OF REPORTING NEEDS

April, 1999

Objectives: of this reporting effort are to document monitoring efforts that evaluate compliance with Wet Weather Operation Standards (WWOS). In other words, do logging activities conducted during wet weather conditions meet measurable guidelines specified in the WWOS ?

Results of this reporting will be used internally (e.g., LRMP Monitoring, Adaptive Management) and externally with regulatory agencies (e.g., Water Quality Control Board, National Marine

Fisheries Service) and other public individuals & groups.

Reporting needs:

[1] A seasonal summary of logging activities conducted outside the Normal Operating Season

(NOS). This summary should include, by timber sale, (a) number of days with operator activity on site (hauling, skidding, etc.), (b) number of days "shut down" - with no operations (temporary

- within operational period), and (c) non-operational days (long, planned periods without activity).

Operational period are periods when the Purchaser indicates they plan to operate and logging equipment is in the sale area.

For example, Timber Sale

Days w/operations

Days

"shut down"

Non-operational days

NOS

Cub TS Jack TS

May 1 - Nov 1 Apr 15 - Oct 15

[2] "Once-a-week" field visits during sale operational periods (outside the NOS). These monitoring/evaluation efforts would use quantitative measurements listed in BMP-WWO

"Yardsticks" and Checklist (measures extracted from WWOS). Results of these visits would be reported using the WWO reporting spreadsheet (electronic version attached). Completed spreadsheets should be E-mailed to the SO (for Forest compilation) on the first working day of each month (outside the NOS). Visits should be made only during operational periods.

Selection of the day to make monitoring visit could be done in either of the following ways:

(1) Randomly - Beginning of each week, randomly select a day (roll dice, pick "days" from a hat, ?), OR

(2) Use a set rotation, where monitoring is done every 4th day. Under this method, the entire monitoring period (operational periods outside the NOS) could be scheduled

Page | 32 ahead of time. For example under this method, monitoring visits would occur on

Monday, Friday, (next) Monday, Friday, etc.

Monitoring visits would occur regardless of weather (wet days or dry days) or temporary shut downs.

We encourage timber administration personnel to involve other disciplines in WWO monitoring, specifically Engineering & Resources.

108 - Prosecution and Progress

108.00_nat_us_02_16_2005

108 Delete.

Delete Section 108 in its entirety.

Page | 33

109 - Measurement and Payment

109.00_nat_us_02_17_2005

109 Deletions

Delete the following entire subsections:

109.6 Pricing of Adjustments.

109.7 Eliminated Work.

109.8 Progress Payments.

109.9 Final Payment.

109.02_nat_us_06_16_2006

109.02 Measurement Terms and Definitions.

(b) Contract quantity.

Contract quantities will be adjusted only when there are errors in the original design of 15% or more.

Change the following:

“(b) Cubic yard” to “(c) Cubic yard”.

Add the following definition:

(p) Thousand Board Feet (Mbf). 1,000 board feet based on nominal widths, thickness, and extreme usable length of each piece of lumber or timber actually incorporated in the job. For glued laminated timber, 1,000 board feet based on actual width, thickness, and length of each piece actually incorporated in the job.

Page | 34

151 - Mobilization

151.01_0505_us_06_04_2007

151.01 Description

Add the following at the end of the last sentence:

Cleaning of Equipment for Noxious Weeds. To prevent the spread of noxious weeds on National

Forest Land, Contractor shall ensure that all equipment moved onto National Forest Land is free of soil, seeds, vegetative matter or other debris that could contain or hold seeds. Contractor shall employ whatever cleaning methods necessary to ensure compliance with the terms of this specification, and shall notify Forest Service prior to moving each piece of equipment onto

National Forest land. Notification will include identifying the location of the equipment’s most recent operations. Upon request of the Forest Service, arrangements will be made for the Forest

Service to inspect each piece of equipment prior to it being placed into service. If the Engineer determines that noxious weeds are present in a project, cleaning may also be required before moving between work areas within the same project.

Contractor shall certify, in writing, compliance with the terms of this specification prior to each start-up of operations. Measures taken to ensure compliance for equipment present at start-up, and planned to be taken for equipment to be moved in later, will be identified in the certification.

For the purposes of this specification, “equipment” includes all machinery except for log trucks, chip vans, pickup trucks, cars, or other vehicles used to transport personnel on a daily basis.

Cleaning of Equipment for Port-Orford Cedar. To prevent the spread of Phytophora lateralis root rot in Port-Orford cedar, Contractor shall clean before use in Project Area any vehicles or equipment from the natural range of Port-Orford cedar in Oregon or the Smith River and Bluff

Creek drainage in California. Cleaning shall consist of the removal of soil by steam cleaning or use of a high pressure hose. Cleaning shall be inspected and approved by the Forest Service.

Page | 35

155 - Schedules for Construction Contracts

155.00_nat_us_05_11_2004

155 Delete.

Delete Section 155 in its entirety.

Page | 36

156 - Public Traffic

156.03_0505_us_01_20_2011

156.3 Accommodating Traffic During Work

Delete the first paragraph and add the following:

Contractor may close the following existing roads to all but emergency traffic in accordance with the following requirements:

Road Number Maximum Time of Closure Special Requirements

47N25Y 8 Hours

47N74 2 Hours

47N76 2 Hours

47N72 2 Hours

All traffic controls and signing shall meet the requirements of the current edition of the

MUTCD,Section 635, and this Section.

156.4 Maintaining Roadways During Work

Delete the first paragraph and add the following:

Abate dust on all roads used for hauling construction materials to promote safe use of and to prevent excessive loss of road material.

If water is used for dust abatement, complete abatement once for each hauling day shall satisfy this requirement; except that if hauling exceeds 10 loads per day, water shall be applied to dusting roads continuously while hauling. Other products suitable for dust abatement may be used when authorized by the Contracting Officer.

All water drafting operations shall adhere to the “Water Drafting Specifications”, developed by the

National Marine Fish Service, August 2001.

( http://swr.ucsd.edu/hcd/WaterDrafting-02.htm )

If other major users are using roads simultaneously with Contractor, Contractor and said users shall agree on a maintenance plan and arrangements for accomplishing the work. This plan shall be submitted by the Contractor and approved by the Contracting Officer. If Contractor cannot agree with other users, the Contracting Officer will determine the appropriate road maintenance needed and direct the Contractor to perform his share of the work..

http://swr.ucsd.edu/hcd/WaterDrafting-02.htm

Page | 37

156.08_nat_us_02_24_2005

156.08 Traffic and Safety Supervisor.

Delete this subsection in its entirety.

Page | 38

157 - Soil Erosion Control

157.03_0505_us_06_04_2007

157.03 General.

Delete the first two paragraphs and add the following:

Submit an Erosion Control Plan, including a comprehensive de-watering plan, detailing permanent and temporary control measures to minimize erosion and sedimentation during and after construction according to the contract specifications, contract permits, Section 107, and this

Section. Contract permits amend the requirements of this Section. Do not modify the type, size, or location of any control or practice without approval. Submit the erosion control plan proposal at least 7 days before operations begin to the Contracting Officer for approval.

Add to the third paragraph:

Upon completion of construction at the site, all temporary dewatering materials and equipment are to be removed from Government property.

Page | 39

170 - Develop Water Supply and Watering

170.00_nat_us_03_30_2005

Description

170.1 This work consists of developing an acceptable water supply, furnishing, hauling, and applying water.

Materials

170.2 Conform to the following subsection.

Water 725.01.

Construction Requirements

170.3 Development of Supply & Access. Develop water supplies and access to the water supplies as required. Use designated water sources or other approved water sources. Before using non-designated water sources, obtain all necessary permissions, water rights, and permits.

Existing water drafting sites are approved for use at locations where impacts to anadromous fish species and other beneficial water uses will not be adversely affected. Only these water sources may be used.

Existing water drafting sites that do not meet specifications will not be used or will be upgraded with rock surfacing, straw bales, or containment dikes prior to use .

All water drafting vehicles shall be checked daily and shall be repaired as necessary to prevent leaks of petroleum products from entering Riparian Reserves.

All water drafting vehicles shall contain petroleum absorbent pads, placed under vehicles before drafting.

Water will be drafted in accordance with NOAA Fisheries 2001 Water Drafting Specifications designed to avoid adverse effects to water quality and anadromous fish as follows:

a.When in habitat potentially occupied by Chinook and coho salmon, intakes will be screened with 3/32” mesh for rounded or square openings, or 1/16” mesh for slotted openings”. When in habitat potentially occupied by steelhead trout, intakes will be screened with 1/8” mesh size.

b. Fish screen will be placed parallel to flow.

c.Pumping rate will not exceed 350 gallons per minute or 10% of the flow of the anadromous stream drafted from.

d. Pumping will be terminated when tank is full.

170.4 Equipment. Provide mobile watering equipment with watertight tanks of known capacity. Provide for positive control of water application from the driver’s position.

Page | 40

170.5 Application. Apply water uniformly without ponding or washing.

170.6 Acceptance. Developing water supplies and watering will be evaluated under

Subsections 106.02 and 106.04.

Measurement

170.7 Measure the Section 170 items listed in the bid schedule according to Subsection

109.02.

Payment

170.8 The accepted quantities will be paid at the contract price per unit of measurement for the

Section 170 pay items listed in the bid schedule. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. See Subsection 109.05.

Page | 41

201 - Clearing and Grubbing

201.01_nat_us_02_18_2005

201.01 Description

Replace with the following

This work consists of clearing and grubbing within clearing limits and other designated areas.

201.04_nat_us_02_22_2005

201.04 Clearing. (c)

Delete paragraph (c) and replace with the following:

(c) In areas outside the excavation, embankment, and slope rounding limits, cut stumps to within 12 inches or one-third of the stump diameter of the ground, whichever is higher, measured on the side adjacent to the highest ground. For timber sales, stump heights will meet the requirements of the Timber Sale contract.

201.04 Clearing.

Delete subsection (d) and replace with the following:

(d) Do not cut vegetation less than 3 feet tall and less than 3 inches in diameter, that is within the clearing limits but beyond the roadway and not in a decking area, and that does not interfere with sight distance along the road.

(e) Trim branches of remaining trees or shrubs to give a clear height of 14 feet above the roadbed unless otherwise indicated. Trim tree limbs as near flush with the trunk as practicable.

(f) Remove brush from log decks. Deck logs so that logs are piled parallel to one another; can be removed by standard log loading equipment; will not damage standing trees; will not interfere with drainage, and will not roll. Keep logs in log decks free of brush and soil.

201.06_nat_us_11_09_2005

Page | 42

201.06 Disposal

Delete the first sentence of this paragraph and substitute the following:

Limb and deck logs that meet utilization standards at locations approved by the CO or otherwise designated. Deck logs according to 201.04 (f).

Page | 43

203 - Removal of Structures and Obstructions

203.01_nat_us_02_25_2005

203.01 Description.

Delete and replace with the following:

This work consists of disposing of construction slash and debris, salvaging, removing, and disposing of buildings, fences, structures, pavements, culverts, utilities, curbs, sidewalks, and other obstructions.

203.05_nat_us_02_18_2005

203.05 Disposing of Material.

(e) Windrowing Construction Slash. Place construction slash outside the roadway in neat, compacted windrows approximately parallel to and along the toeline of embankment slopes. Do not permit the top of the windrows to extend above subgrade. Use construction equipment to matt down all material in a windrow to form a compact and uniform pile.