FSM_6745_Explosives_and_Blasting_Materials.pdf

WO AMENDMENT 6700-2002-1

EFFECTIVE DATE: 12/17/2002

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

FSM 6700 - SAFETY AND HEALTH PROGRAM

CHAPTER 6740 - HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

6745 - EXPLOSIVES AND BLASTING MATERIALS

Direction in this section applies to Forest Service operations and activities involving explosives and blasting materials to accomplish project works, avalanche control, and fire suppression activities. Related direction is in FSM 2160 and 7103.5 and in FSH 6709.11. Forest Service operations and activities related to the use, storage, and transportation of explosives and blasting materials must also comply with requirements in the most recent edition of the Guide for Using, Storing, and Transporting Explosives and Blasting Materials, published by the Missoula Technology and Development Program.

The term "blaster" used in this section applies to Forest Service employees who are currently certified blasters or blasters-in-training. Requirements governing contractor blaster operations and activities are specifically identified in FSM 6745.3.

6745.01 - Authority

6745.01a - Use

Requirements and constraints on the use of explosives and blasting materials are in:

1. Title 29, Code of Federal Regulations:

a. Section 1910.109, Explosives and Blasting Agents (29 CFR 1910.109).

b. Part 1926, subpart U, Blasting and the Use of Explosives (29 CFR 1926, subpart U).

2. Title 30, Code of Federal Regulations:

a. Part 56, subpart E, Explosives (30 CFR 56, subpart E).

b. Part 57, subpart E, Explosives (30 CFR 57, subpart E).

6745.01b - Storage

Requirements for storage of explosives and blasting materials are in Title 27, Code of Federal Regulations, part 55, Storage (27 CFR part 55).

6745.01c - Transportation

Requirements for the transportation of explosives and blasting materials are in:

1. Title 33, Code of Federal Regulations:

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

a. Part 125, Identification Credential for Persons Requiring Access to Waterfront Facilities or Vessels (33 CFR 125).

b. Part 126, Handling of Class 1 (Explosive) Materials or Other Dangerous Cargoes Within or Contiguous to Waterfront Facilities (33 CFR 126).

2. Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations:

a. Part 172, Hazardous Materials Table, Special Provisions, Hazardous Materials Communications, Emergency Response Information, and Training Requirements

(49 CFR 172).

b. Part 173, Shippers-General Requirements for Shipments and Packaging

(49 CFR 173).

c. Part 174, Carriage by Rail (49 CFR 174).

d. Part 175, Carriage by Aircraft (49 CFR 175).

e. Part 176, Carriage by Vessel (49 CFR 176).

f. Part 177, Carriage by Public Highway (49 CFR 177).

g. Part 390, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations; General (49 CFR 390).

h. Part 391, Qualifications of Drivers (49 CFR 391).

i. Part 392, Driving of Commercial Motor Vehicles (49 CFR 392).

j. Part 393, Parts and Accessories Necessary for Safe Operation (49 CFR 393).

k. Part 395, Hours of Service of Drivers (49 CFR 395).

l. Part 396, Inspection, Repair, and Maintenance (49 CFR 396).

m. Part 397, Transportation of Hazardous Materials; Driving and Parking Rules

(49 CFR 397).

3. Department of Transportation (DOT), Research and Special Programs Administration, Exemption Number DOT-E 9198, which authorizes the U.S. Department of the Interior and U.S Department of Agriculture Forest Service to transport hazardous materials in aircraft under their exclusive direction and control (FSM 5714.2).

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

6745.01d - Disposal

1. Requirements for disposal of explosives and excess blasting materials declared as hazardous waste are in Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, part 264, Standards for Owners and Operators of Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities (40 CFR 264).

2. Special policies and procedures governing the utilization, donation, sale, exchange, or other disposition of hazardous materials, dangerous property, and other categories of property with special utilization and disposal requirements are in Title 41, Code of Federal Regulations, part 101-42, Utilization and Disposal of Hazardous Materials and Certain Categories of Property

(41 CFR 101-42).

6745.02 - Objectives

1. To ensure safe and secure storage, transportation, and use of explosives and blasting materials.

2. To use explosives and blasting materials in the safest manner possible as cost-effective tools to accomplish project work.

6745.03 - Policy

(See FSM 7103.5 for additional policies related to explosives and blasting materials; see FSM 6745.2 for general standards applicable to blasting operations and activities.) To ensure that employees and the public are protected from injury:

1. Comply with applicable Federal, State, and local laws and regulations for all work connected with explosives and blasting materials. Follow the most stringent requirements where a difference appears.

2. Ensure that all Forest Service blasters take and pass a regional written test, oral examination, and field exercise to attain blaster certification. The certification shall specify the type of blasting qualifications (FSM 6745.1).

3. Ensure that all Forest Service blasters involved in the transportation of explosives and avalanche ammunition comply with requirements to hold a State-issued Commercial Driver's License (CDL) with Hazardous Materials Endorsement and a current Medical Examiner's Certificate.

4. Ensure that all personnel responsible for monitoring or inspecting blasting operations and activities are trained to recognize unsafe or unlawful practices and procedures.

5. Use only explosives and blasting materials on the approved Forest Service list (FSM 6745.04f). Ensure that a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for explosives and blasting

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

materials is available at the workplace or job site, and that a job hazard analysis is conducted in accordance with FSH 6709.11.

6. Use exploding bridgewire or non-electric detonators as the detonation system of choice in all Forest Service blasting operations and activities, unless contraindicated by a particular blasting application.

7. Prohibit the use of cap and fuse in general blasting operations and activities for both force account and contract.

8. Require special training for use of cap and fuse in avalanche control.

9. Ensure that all force account blasting operations and activities (including transportation, use, mixing of component explosives, storage, magazine inspection, and disposal) are conducted by or under the direct supervision of a certified Forest Service blaster in accordance with FSM 6745.1.

10. Designate one certified Forest Service blaster as the Blaster-in-Charge when two or more blasters are working together. Either the respective supervisor or the blasters themselves may designate the Blaster-in-Charge.

11. Use contractors for blasting operations and activities when it is the most cost-effective and efficient alternative for the Government. Ensure that blasting contracts comply with the same standards, laws, and regulations that are applicable to Forest Service blasting operations and activities (FSM 6745.3).

6745.04 - Responsibility

6745.04a - Chief

The Chief is responsible for ensuring agency compliance with explosives and blasting materials policies, procedures, and practices.

6745.04b - Deputy Chief for Business Operations

The Deputy Chief for Business Operations, as the Designated Agency Safety and Health Official, has the responsibility to consider recommendations from the National Explosives and Blasting Technical Advisory Group and other officials, and to resolve national issues, concerns, and policies related to explosives and blasting materials that affect the work environment and safety of employees.

6745.04c - National Explosives and Blasting Technical Advisory Group

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

The National Explosives and Blasting Technical Advisory Group, composed of all Regional Blaster Examiners and Blaster Coordinators, the Director of the National Avalanche Center (or designee), and a Technology and Development Center representative, is responsible for:

1. Developing standardized national training programs on all categories of blasting operations and activities.

2. Developing certification criteria for blasters (general, avalanche, and fireline).

3. Establishing accepted practices and procedures for the safe use, handling, storage, and transportation of explosives and blasting materials in compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

4. Addressing national issues at the annual National Blaster Examiners' and Coordinators' Workshop that affect the Forest Service explosives and blasting materials program.

5. Providing information on newly developed explosives and blasting materials and associated technology to the Technology and Development Centers and the National Avalanche Center for development of the approved explosives and blasting materials list.

6745.04d - National Explosives Safety Program Manager

The National Explosives Safety Program Manager, Safety, Health and Uniforms Branch, Human Resources Management Staff, Washington Office, is responsible for:

1. Providing overall program leadership and safety oversight for the National Explosives Safety Program.

2. Ensuring that the list of explosives, blasting materials, and avalanche ammunition for use, including all explosives, blasting equipment, and avalanche ammunition approved by the Technology and Development Centers and the National Avalanche Center is updated and issued on an annual basis when new items are approved for Forest Service use.

3. Reviewing the most current edition of the Guide for Using, Storing, and Transporting Explosives and Blasting Materials on an annual basis, and updating as appropriate

(FSM 6745.06).

4. Ensuring distribution of the latest revision of the Department of Transportation (DOT), Research and Special Programs Administration, Exemption Number DOT-E 9198, which authorizes the U.S. Department of the Interior and U.S Department of Agriculture Forest Service to transport hazardous materials in aircraft under their exclusive direction and control.

6745.04e - Managers of Technology and Development Centers and Director of National Avalanche Center

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

The Managers of the Technology and Development Centers at Missoula, Montana, and San Dimas, California, and the Director of the National Avalanche Center, Ketchum, Idaho are responsible for:

1. Serving as technical advisors to the National Explosives Safety Program manager.

2. Providing technical support to Regional Blaster Examiners and Coordinators on the use, acquisition, transport, and storage of explosives and blasting materials.

3. Suspending and/or removing from Service-wide use any explosive or blasting material that is considered an immediate threat to the safety and health of employees and the public.

4. Developing and issuing the approved explosives and blasting materials list with input from the Regional Blaster Examiners and Coordinators.

6745.04f - Regional Foresters

Regional Foresters are responsible for:

1. Authorizing all explosives and blasting materials to be used by properly certified blasters within the Region from the approved explosives and blasting materials developed by the Technology and Development Centers and the National Avalanche Center (FSM 6745.04e).

2. Appointing a Regional Blaster Coordinator and Regional Blaster Examiner (FSM 6745.04j and 6745.04k).

3. Providing workshops and training to keep certifications current for blasters.

6745.04g - Regional Blaster Coordinators

Regional Blaster Coordinators are responsible for:

1. Recommending to Regional Foresters those blasting operations and activities that may be accomplished through force account or contract.

2. Determining Regional training needs and coordinating and monitoring Regional training programs that cover contracting and force account use of explosives and blasting materials.

3. Coordinating and monitoring all categories of explosives and blasting certification.

4. Developing and maintaining a tracking system for pertinent information on all respective blasters. This system should include: name; location; telephone number; electronic mail address; certification and re-certification date(s); type(s) of blasting certification; skill level;

and special blasting skills.

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

5. Recommending appointment of Regional Blaster Examiners (FSM 6745.04k).

6. Coordinating the development of Regional supplements to the Manual and Handbooks related to explosives and blasting materials.

7. Coordinating with affected staffs to secure sufficient funding levels and support for the administration of the Regional blasting program (FSM 6745.04k).

6745.04h - Regional Blaster Examiners

Regional Blaster Examiners are responsible for:

1. Developing training programs for all categories of explosives and blasting certification (FSM 6745.1) for force account use of explosives and blasting materials.

2. Providing training for inspection of contracted blasting operations and activities.

3. Keeping explosives and blasting certification references and training materials up-to-date with Federal laws and regulations for the safe transportation, storage, use, and disposal of explosives and blasting materials.

4. Conducting or supervising certification classes (written, practical field exercises, and oral examination programs) for blasters.

5. Being available to assist with all blasting training, as needed.

6. Recommending for approval by Forest Supervisors/Unit Managers the issuance of Explosives and Blasting Certificates (Form FS-6700-27) to applicants who satisfactorily complete blaster-in-training and blaster certification requirements (FSM 6745.12).

7. Recommending to Forest Supervisors/Unit Managers revocation or suspension of certificates when such action is justified (FSM 6745.1).

8. Making periodic monitoring trips and assistance visits to field units.

9. Assisting in the investigation and documentation of all accidents and infractions of security and safety requirements related to blasting operations and activities.

10. Ensuring permanent storage facilities and locations for explosives and blasting materials comply with 27 CFR 55 (FSM 6745.01b).

11. Assisting or advising with large or more difficult blasting projects.

12. Maintaining explosives and blasting certification (FSM 6745.1).

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

6745.04i - Forest Supervisors and Unit Managers

Forest Supervisors and Unit Managers are responsible for:

1. Issuing Explosives and Blasting Certificates (Form FS-6700-27) on Regional Blaster Examiners' recommendations to blasters-in-training and blasters.

2. Designating certified Lead Blasters based on the Regional Blaster Examiners' recommendations.

3. Suspending or revoking certificates when such action is justified (FSM 6745.11).

4. Ensuring that all blasting operations and activities, including special uses and projects under contract or agreement, are monitored for compliance with all Federal, State, and local laws and regulations and applicable Forest Service requirements for explosives and blasting materials.

6745.04j - Contracting Officers

Contracting Officers are responsible for:

1. Incorporating contractor requirements listed in FSM 6745.3 into contracts for blasting operations and activities conducted within National Forest System boundaries or other land and properties under the control of the Forest Service.

2. Ensuring that all blasting contracts are reviewed by a certified blaster or qualified Engineering Representative/Contracting Officer Representative for safety and resource protection issues before they are released for solicitation.

6745.04k - Lead Blasters

Lead Blasters are responsible for:

1. Directing or providing on-the-job training for blasters.

2. Keeping individual files on each blaster (including themselves), with records containing, at a minimum, the following information:

a. Copy of application from last certification class attended.

b. Current list of activities.

c. Copy of blast record for each shot made.

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

3. Maintaining sufficient copies of the most current edition of the Guide for Using, Storing, and Transporting Explosives and Blasting Materials so that they are readily available to blasters in the field (FSM 6745.06).

4. Reviewing current qualifications of blasters and making recommendations to Regional Blaster Examiners on certification and re-certification of current blasters, and estimating personnel, training, and certification needs for future activities.

5. Securing and maintaining State and local licenses or certificates required for the purchase, use, storage, and disposal of explosives and blasting materials.

6. Distributing a list of blasters approved to purchase explosives and blasting materials with their certificates or State license numbers to appropriate distributors and officials.

7. Annually inspecting explosives and blasting materials storage facilities and records.

8. Monitoring performance of blasters.

9. Assisting in or conducting training sessions to qualify blasters.

10. Reviewing plans for or conducting major force account blasting projects.

11. Destroying or supervising the destruction of all explosives and excess blasting materials designated as hazardous waste (if properly certified).

12. Assisting in the investigation of blasting accidents and incidents or infractions of safety and security requirements.

13. Maintaining explosives and blasting certification (FSM 6745.1).

6745.04l - Blasters - General/Fireline/Avalanche

Blasters - General/Fireline/Avalanche are responsible for:

1. Completing appropriate blast plans in accordance with the most current edition of the Guide for Using, Storing, and Transporting Explosives and Blasting Materials (FSM 6745.06).

2. Complying with general standards listed in FSM 6745.2 when conducting blasting operations and activities.

3. Meeting certification requirements in accordance with FSM 6745.1.

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

6745.05 - Definitions

Avalanche Ammunition. All ammunition and propellant that is designated by the military for use in 75-mm, 105-mm, and 106-mm recoilless rifles; 75-mm pack howitzers; and 105-mm howitzers; or commercially available device made specifically for avalanche control (such as the avalauncher) that is officially recognized by the National Avalanche Center as acceptable and safe for avalanche control.

Explosives and Blasting Materials. All ammunition, munitions fillers, demolition material, solid rocket motors, liquid propellants, cartridges, pyrotechnics, and bombs, including associated explosives and blasting equipment and avalanche ammunition.

General Blasting. All explosives and blasting operations and activities exclusive of fireline, avalanche, and specialty blasting.

Level 1 Blaster-in-Training. The entry level for general blasters and blasters designated to use fireline explosives for wildfire suppression and prescribed burns.

6745.06 - Reference

Guide for Using, Storing, and Transporting Explosives and Blasting Materials, Missoula Technology and Development Program, Technical Service-Explosives (current edition). Copies of this guide are available from Lead Blasters in field units and from the Missoula Technology and Development Center.

6745.1 - Certification

The basis for certification is eligibility, knowledge, experience, and testing. Use Form FS-6700-24, Application for Explosives and Blasting Certification, Part I, Part II, and Part III, respectively, to apply for an explosives and blasting certificate. Minimum certification requirements are:

1. Demonstrating knowledge of and compliance with safety and security requirements.

2. Exercising reasonable and prudent judgment in all situations.

3. Possessing knowledge of current Federal, State, and local laws and regulations applicable to blasting operations and activities (FSM 6745.2).

4. Maintaining certification as specified for the levels indicated in exhibit 01.

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

6745.1 - Exhibit 01

Explosives and Blasting Certification Requirements

CERTIFICATION LEVELS

REQUIREMENTS

To certify or recertify, possess the following certificates and licenses, and meet the indicated requirements for each certification level

1,2Blaster-in -Training

Level 1 2General Blaster Level 2

2General Blaster Level 3

2Lead Blaster

2Blaster Examiner

2Avalanche

2Fireline (Prescribed)

2Fireline (Wildfire)

Prerequisites

Hazard Communication Standard (Employee Right-to-Know) **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ****

First Aid **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ****

Hazardous Materials Course (49 CFR 172)3 **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ****

Endorsements and Licensing

Commercial Driver's License (CDL) **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ****

Hazardous Materials Endorsement **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ****

Medical Examiner's Certificate **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ****

General Requirements

Every 3 years attend a 16-hour minimum classroom training on using, storing, and transporting explosives and blasting materials

Pass 8-hour field practical exercise/test

Pass written examination

Pass oral examination

Complete 1-year minimum field work with a minimum of 3 shots and have the recommendation of lead blaster **** ****

Present shot records since last certification **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ****

Shoot a minimum of 3 shots per year **** **** **** **** **** **** **** ****

Attend a yearly lead blaster's workshop ****

Participate in Blaster's Workshops (Certification) ****

Additional Avalanche and FLE Requirements

Every 3 years attend a 4-hour minimum classroom training on using cap and fuse, and avalanche blasting materials

Pass 4-hour field practical exercise/test

Pass avalanche school ****

Pass military weapons training ****

Pass yearly military weapons 8-hour refresher ****

Pass national fireline explosives training **** ****

Pass yearly fireline explosives refresher **** ****

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

6745.1 - Exhibit 01--Continued

Explosives and Blasting Certification Requirements

CERTIFICATION LEVELS

REQUIREMENTS

To certify or recertify, possess the following certificates and licenses, and meet the indicated requirements for each certification level

1,2Blaster-in -Training

Level 1 2General Blaster Level 2

2General Blaster Level 3

2Lead Blaster

2Blaster Examiner

2Avalanche

2Fireline (Prescribed)

2Fireline (Wildfire)

Specialty and Other Blasting Authorizations4

Stumps ****

Ditches ****

Misfires ****

Delays ****

40+ Hole Shots ****

Quarries ****

Wildlife Ponds/Beaver Dams ****

Hazard Tree Blasting **** **** **** ****

Seismic ****

Other (Specify) **** ****

**** INDICATES REQUIREMENTS FOR EACH CERTIFICATION LEVEL

1Level 1-Blaster-in-Training requirements apply to general, fireline (FLE), and avalanche certifications

2CDL only required when transporting explosives

3Hazardous materials may be taught as part of the blaster’s training course

4Work with and be recommended by master performer/lead blaster

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

6745.11 - Steps in Certification Process

1. Certified Blaster-in-Training Requirements. To become a certified blaster-in-training, an applicant must:

a. Possess a current multi-media first aid card.

b. Attend current hazardous materials general awareness training.

c. Attend 16-hours classroom training session at a minimum and pass an examination demonstrating applicant proficiency in the blasting level for which the applicant applies.

2. Certified Blaster Requirements. To become a certified blaster, a certified blaster-in-training must:

a. Work under the direct supervision of a certified blaster for a minimum of one year to develop the necessary knowledge, skills, and experience required to perform safely and effectively.

b. Attend and successfully complete a blaster's training course.

c. Provide current shot records indicating proficiency at the level applied for (exhibit 01).

d. Have a commercial driver's license (CDL) with hazardous materials endorsement and a current medical examiner's card (ICC) when transporting explosives and avalanche ammunition.

3. Maintaining Certification. To maintain certification, a blaster must:

a. Conduct a minimum of three shots per year.

b. Maintain shot records of each shot.

c. Attend a recertification class every three years and pass an examination demonstrating blaster proficiency at the level of blasting currently certified.

d. Maintain the required licenses, certifications, and training required by Federal, State, and local governing agencies.

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

6745.12 - Certificate

As evidence of certification, issue Form FS-6700-27, Explosives and Blasting Certificate

(ex. 01) to applicants. Exhibit 01 displays an electronic facsimile of Form FS-6700-27, which is available only in a paper copy format. Certificates are valid for three years from the date of issue, unless temporarily suspended or revoked by the issuing Forest Supervisor/unit manager at any time during that period. Certificate renewal or reissue is the same as for original certificates.

Reasons for temporary suspension or revocation include, but are not limited to, the following:

1. Conviction for violating any law or regulation relating to explosives and blasting materials.

2. Lax security or unsafe procedures and practices relating to explosives and blasting materials.

3. Lack of proficiency, as demonstrated by the following:

a. Involvement in an accident or incident related to explosives and/or blasting materials. The blaster may be reinstated only after an investigation warrants such action.

b. Unsatisfactory performance or less than three shots per year.

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

6745.12 - Exhibit 01

FS-6700-27 (7/99)

EXPLOSIVES AND BLASTING CERTIFICATE

Agency: USDA Forest Service Issue Date: 6/7/96

Name: Gerry P. Everyone

SSN: 555-55-5555 Birth Date: 6/28/44

State License # AR 5679

Height: 5'4" Weight: 160

Level/Class: 2

PHOTO

Issued by S.T. Truly .

Blaster Examiner/Officer

Approved by W.E. Marshall .

Supervisor

WORK AUTHORIZATION LEVELS

GENERAL INTLS

LEVEL 1 - GENERAL/FIRELINE BLASTER-IN-TRAINING

Store/Inspect/Transport

LEVEL 2 - GENERAL/FIRELINE-PRESCRIBED

Store/Transport/Inspect STT Rocks/Stumps/Ditches STT 10 Holes/Clear Misfires STT Fireline-Prescribed Other___________________________________________

LEVEL 3 - GENERAL/DEMOLITION

Store/Transport/Inspect Quarries/40+ Holes Wildlife Ponds/Beaver Dams Other___________________________________________

FIRELINE-WILDFIRE

Store/Transport/Inspect FLEI (Initial Attack) FLEB (Blaster-in-Charge) FLEA (Advisor) FLEC (Crewmember)

AVALANCHE/GUNNER OPERATIONS

Store/Transport/Inspect Blaster-in-Training Avalanche Gunner Avalanche Hand Charges Other___________________________________________

SPECIALTY BLASTING

Tree Topping Hazard Trees Other___________________________________________

DURATION: This amendment is effective until superseded or removed.

6745.2 - General Standards

Conduct all blasting operations and activities in accordance with the policies in FSM 6745.03 and 7103.5, and the requirements in the following:

1. Warnings and instructions adopted by the Institute of Makers of Explosives (IME), which are contained in every box of explosives and blasting caps.

2. Federal, State, and local laws and regulations (see FSM 6745.01 - 6745.01d for applicable Federal regulations and FSM 6745.01c, para. 3 for the Department of Transportation exemption).

3. Current edition of the Forest Service Guide for Using, Storing and Transporting Explosives and Blasting Materials (FSM 6745.06).

6745.3 - Contractor Requirements

Contracting officers shall ensure that the following requirements are included in contracts for blasting operations and activities conducted within National Forest System lands or on other lands and properties administered by the Forest Service (FSM 6745.04m):

1. Contractors are to prepare blast plans in accordance with the most current edition of the Guide for Using, Storing, and Transporting Explosives and Blasting Materials (FSM 6745.06) before commencing any contracted blasting operations and activities within National Forest System boundaries or on other lands and properties administered by the Forest Service.

Such blast plans shall include, but are not limited to:

a. Precautions necessary to maximize safety and protect the contractor's employees, Forest Service employees, and the general public during blasting operations and activities.

b. Methods proposed to prevent damage to resources outside the immediate blast area by minimizing earth vibrations, air blast, and thrown fragments.

2. The contractor is to provide the contracting officer copies of magazine records and shot logs to account for all explosives items and components and blasting materials brought onto, used, and removed from the contract area.

3. The contractor must conduct all blasting operations and activities in accordance with warnings and instructions adopted by the Institute of Makers of Explosives (IME) contained in every box of explosives and blasting caps, and in compliance with applicable Federal, State, and local laws and regulations.