This Project Grant award of $2,288,528 from the National Institute on Aging (CFDA 93.866 - Aging Research) supports a comprehensive study to improve cross-national measurement of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and characterize its longitudinal course across populations in the U.S., Mexico, and India. The study aims to 1) harmonize MCI and dementia classifications cross-nationally, 2) investigate sociodemographic, lifestyle, health, and biological risk factors associated with incident MCI and dementia, and 3) explore cognitive and functional predictors of MCI and dementia risk across levels of educational attainment, sex/gender, and literacy. The Trustees of Columbia University, through its Health Sciences Division, will lead this research effort from September 2024 through August 2027. The findings are expected to enhance the global understanding of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, and inform early identification of high-risk individuals for targeted prevention and intervention strategies.