The National Science Foundation (NSF) Division of Chemistry awarded a $1,500,000 Project Grant to Stanford University under the Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS) program (CFDA 47.049). The grant, awarded on March 1, 2024, supports a 3-year research project titled "Evaluating and Advancing Cryo-EM for RNA Conformational Ensembles." The project aims to: (1) design, model, and experimentally probe RNA systems with discrete conformational states, and (2) characterize and challenge the broader artificial intelligence and computational communities to predict the continuous conformational ensembles of ribozymes, riboswitches, and synthetic RNAs. The research will leverage high-throughput RNA biochemistry, crowdsourcing, computer modeling, and cutting-edge cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to advance innovative interdisciplinary approaches for visualizing and understanding the flexibility and dynamics of RNA molecules, which are crucial for many biological functions. The broader impacts include establishing standardized data sets and methods, providing educational opportunities for underrepresented trainees, and engaging citizen scientists through the Eterna video game platform.